检索结果-南通市图书馆

Pedosphere 2008年第2期18卷 195-202页

作者： zhao Geng-Mao liu zhao-pu CHEN Ming-Da GUO Shi-Wei College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China）

Irrigation with various dilutions of seawater can act as an alternate water resource and thus plays an important role in saving freshwater resources as well as promoting agriculture in the coastal semi-arid areas of the North China Plain. Jerusalem artichoke （Helianthus tuberosus L.） grown in a field experiment was irrigated with seawater diluted with freshwater from 2001 to 2003 to determine the feasibility of seawater irrigation in the Laizhou area. For treatments of CK （non-irrigation） along with seawater concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%, total dissolved solid （TDS） in the non-irrigated soil significantly increased （P ≤ 0.05） in both 2002 and 2003 and was 1.3 times higher in 2003 than in 2001. In the 25% and 50% seawater concentration treatments, TDS in 2001 was significantly greater （P ≤ 0.05） than CK; however, TDS in these two treatments decreased by 34.9% and 40.1%, respectively, in 2003 compared with 2001. The sodium adsorption ratio （SAR） remained below 10 mmol^1/2 L^-1/2, indicating that alkalization was low with seawater irrigation. In 2001 and 2002, compared to CK and the irrigation treatment with 75% seawater, irrigation with 25% and 50% seawater increased the yields of Jerusalem .artichoke. This meant that Jerusalem artichoke could be safely grown in salt-affected land of Laizhou area with 25% and 50% seawater irrigation.

关键词： Jerusalem artichoke North China Plain SAR seawater irrigation soil total dissolved solids

Protective Role of Ca Against NaCl Toxicity in Jerusalem Artichoke by Up-Regulation of Antioxidant Enzymes

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Pedosphere 2008年第6期18卷 766-774页

作者： XUE Yan-Feng liu Ling liu zhao-pu S. K. MEHTA zhao Geng-Mao Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China）. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210014 （China） Department of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China）

The ameliorative effect of external Ca^2＋ on Jerusalem artichoke （Helianthus tuberosus L.） under salt stress was studied through biochemical and physiological analyses of Jerusalem artichoke seedlings treated with or without 10 mol L^-1 CaCl2, 150 mmol L^-1 NaCl, and/or 5 mmol L^-1 ethylene-bis（oxyethylenenitrilo）-tetraacetic acid （EGTA） for five days. Exposure to NaC1 （150 mmol L^-1） decreased growth, leaf chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rate of Jerusalem artichoke seedlings. NaC1 treatment showed 59% and 37% higher lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage, respectively, than the control. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and catalase （CAT） were decreased by NaCl, indicating an impeded antioxidant defense mechanism of Jerusalem artichoke grown under salt stress. Addition of 10 mmol L^-1 CaCl2 to the salt solutions significantly decreased the damaging effect of NaC1 on growth and chlorophyll content and simultaneously restored the rate of photosynthesis almost to the level of the control. Ca^2＋ addition decreased the leaf malondialdehyde （MDA） content and electrolyte leakage from NaCl-treated seedlings by 47% and 24%, respectively, and significantly improved the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT in NaCl-treated plants. Addition of EGTA, a specific chelator of Ca2＋, decreased the growth, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis, and increased level of MDA and electrolyte leakage from NaCl-treated plants and from the control plants. EGTA addition to the growth medium also repressed the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT in NaCl-treated and control seedlings. External Ca2＋ might protect Jerusalem artichoke against NaC1 stress by up-regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes and thereby decreasing the oxidative stress.

关键词： antioxidant enzymes calcium Jerusalem artichoke lipid peroxidation salt stress

Effect of Seawater Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Five Jerusalem Artichoke Ecotypes

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Pedosphere 2009年第2期19卷 208-216页

作者： LONG Xiao-Hua CHI Jin-He liu Ling LI Qing liu zhao-pu College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Three treatments consisting of 0%,15%,and 30%seawater were investigated to analyse the ecotypic variabilities among five populations of Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus)regarding their responses to seawater stress under a hydroponic culture *** were done 2,4,and 6 days after *** 15%and 30%seawater treatments reduced the growth rates of roots and shoots of *** *** activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase,and catalase majored in the leaves were stimulated under the seawater *** electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde contents of the leaves were also stimulated owing to seawater *** contents of proline and soluble- sugars in the leaves increased significantly with increasing seawater *** concentrations of Na+,K+,and Cl-in the aerial parts and roots increased with an increase in the seawater concentration throughout the experimental *** were ecotypic differences among the five populations of *** as evidenced by the analyses of the above items in both aerial parts and roots under seawater *** magnitude of the ecotypic variance components indicated that a substantial proportion of the total variation for these physiological and biochemical responses were owing to ecotype,indicating the possibility of improvement through hybridization and selection.

关键词： antioxidative enzyme Helianthus tuberosus inorganic and organic solutes seawater stress

Effect of Saline Aquaculture Effluent on Salt-Tolerant Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) in a Semi-Arid Coastal Area of China

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Pedosphere 2006年第6期16卷 762-769页

作者： zhao Geng-Mao liu zhao-pu CHEN Ming-Da KOU Wei-Feng College of Resources and Environmental Scivnces Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

An experiment with six treatments: CK1 (rainfed), CK2 (irrigated with freshwater), and 4 treatments of saline aquaculture effluent blended with brackish groundwater at different ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 (v/v) was carried out during 2004 to assess the effect of saline aquaculture effluent on plant growth and soil properties in the Laizhou region, Shandong Province, China and to determine an optimal salinity threshold for aquaculture effluent. Cumulative evapotranspiration for the saline aquaculture effluent irrigation and non-irrigation treatments was lower than that for the freshwater irrigation treatment. Soil electrical conductivity was higher with respect to saline aquaculture effluent irrigation treatment compared to that with respect to non-irrigation or freshwater irrigation treatment. For Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), in comparison to the freshwater treatment, plant height and aboveground biomass for the 1:3 and 1:4 treatments were constrained, whereas stem width and root biomass were enhanced. Concomitantly, higher tuber yield was obtained for the 1:3 and 1:4 treatments compared to that for CK1 and 1:1 treatments. Nitrogen and phosphorus were higher in tubers of the 1:4 treatment. This study demonstrated that saline aquaculture effluent could be used successfully to irrigate Jerusalem artichoke with higher tuber yield and nutrient removal.

关键词： Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) nutrient uptake saline aquaculture effluent irrigation soil properties tuber yield

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基于绳索驱动的清仓机器人设计与分析

华北理工大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第4期46卷 119-127页

作者：李占贤刘照普于江涛华北理工大学机械工程学院河北唐山063210 河北省工业机器人产业研究院河北唐山063210

为了解决煤仓堵塞问题,设计一种承载能力强、工作范围广和易于调整工作姿态的基于绳索驱动的清仓机器人。建立清仓机器人绳索驱动并联机构的几何模型;进一步分析了清仓机器人的位姿正逆解;采用Matlab软件进行数值仿真分析。该清仓机器... 详细信息

为了解决煤仓堵塞问题,设计一种承载能力强、工作范围广和易于调整工作姿态的基于绳索驱动的清仓机器人。建立清仓机器人绳索驱动并联机构的几何模型;进一步分析了清仓机器人的位姿正逆解;采用Matlab软件进行数值仿真分析。该清仓机器人仿真得到的绳长变化、速度以及加速度曲线光滑,表明机器人具有良好的运动性能。研究结果为深入研究清仓机器人控制策略提供参考。

关键词：清仓机器人绳索驱动并联机构位姿正逆解运动学分析

Anthropogenic Impact on Surface Water Quality in Taihu Lake Region,China

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Pedosphere 2009年第6期19卷 765-778页

作者： XU Ha YANG Lin-Zhang zhao Geng-Mao JIAO Jia-Guo YIN Shi-Xue liu zhao-pu College of Resources and Environmental Science Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China) Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225007 (China)

Taihu Lake region is one of the most industrialized areas in China, and the surface water is progressively susceptible to anthropogenic pollution. The physicochemical parameters of surface water quality were determined at 20 sampling sites in Taihu Lake region, China in spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons of 2005-2006 to assess the effect of human activities on the surface water quality. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to identify characteristics of the water quality in the studied water bodies. PCA extracted the first three principal components (PCs), explaining 80.84% of the total variance of the raw data. Especially, PC1 (38.91%) was associated with NH 4 -N, total N, soluble reactive phosphorus, and total P. PC2 (22.70%) was characterized by NO 3 -N and temperature. PC3 (19.23%) was mainly associated with pH and dissolved organic carbon. CA showed that streams were influenced by urban residential subsistence and livestock farming contributed significantly to PC1 throughout the year. The streams influenced by farmland runoff contributed most to PC2 in spring and winter compared with other streams. PC3 was affected mainly by aquiculture in spring, rural residential subsistence in summer, and livestock farming in fall and winter seasons. Further analyses showed that farmlands contributed significantly to nitrogen pollution of Taihu Lake, while urban residential subsistence and livestock farming also polluted water quality of Taihu Lake in rainy season. The results would be helpful for the authorities to take sound actions for an effective management of water quality in Taihu Lake region.

关键词： anthropogenic pollution cluster analysis non-point pollution principal component analysis

Alkaloid Accumulation in Catharanthus roseus Increases with Addition of Seawater Salts to the Nutrient Solution

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Pedosphere 2010年第6期20卷 718-724页

作者： WANG Jing-Yan and liu zhao-pu College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095 (China) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China)

A sand culture experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different seawater (5% and 10%) treatments on plant growth,inorganic ions,indole alkaloid concentrations and yields of Catharanthus roseus,in an effort to increase the alkaloid yield by artificial *** total fresh and dry weights and tissue K + concentrations decreased,but Na + concentrations increased in the plant roots,stems and leaves of *** under seawater stress as compared to the *** concentrations and yields of vindoline,catharanthine,vinblastine and vincristine increased under seawater *** concentrations and yields of these alkaloids were higher in 5% seawater-treated plants than those in the 10% seawater-treated *** the industrial production,5% seawater treatments could reduce the cost of producing *** the control plants,the highest alkaloid concentrations reached a peak at 100 days after planting,suggesting that plant harvest must be optimized in terms of growth duration.

关键词： indole alkaloid inorganic ions plant growth seawater irrigation seawater stress

Response of Two Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)Cultivars Differing in Tolerance to Salt Treatment

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Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 515-524页

作者： LONG Xiao-Hua HUANG Zeng-Rong HUANG Yu-Ling KANG Jian ZHANG Zhen-Hua liu zhao-pu College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China） Soil Science and Plant Nutrition School of Earth and Environment The University of Western Australia 35 StirlingHighway Crawley WA 6009 （Australia）

To explore genetic variability for two Jerusalem artichoke cultivated with 75% seawater irrigation for six years） and N7 （Helianthus tuberosus） cultivars, N1 （the sixth-generation （a general variety）, a experiment was conducted to study the changes in physiological attributes under different concentrations （0%, 10% and 25% of seawater concentration in greenhouse and 0%, 30% and 50% of seawater concentration in the field） of seawater salinity stress. In the greenhouse experiment, decreases of dry growth rate, but increases of dry matter percentage and membrane injury occurred in both the genotypes at 10% and 25% seawater treatments, although lesser cell membrane damage was observed in N1 than N7. N1 accumulated greater contents of Na^＋, Cl^-, soluble sugar and proline in leaves compared with NT. In the field experiment, the yields of shoot, root and tuber, and the contents of total-sugar and inulin in tubers of N1 were higher than those of N7. Lesser degree of salt injury in N1 indicated that the relatively salt-tolerant cultivar had higher K^＋/Na^＋ ratio, lower Na^＋/Ca^2＋ ratio, and the salt-induced enhancement of osmotic adjustment.

关键词： cell membrane stability genetic variabilities inorganic ions malondialdehyde seawater salinity stress

Divalent anion intercalation and etching-hydrolysis strategies to construct ultra-stable electrodes for seawater splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 687-695页

作者： Jiajia Lu Yang liu Han-pu Liang Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications Institute of Nano-Structured Functional MaterialsHuanghe Science and Technology CollegeZhengzhou450006China School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang453007China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao266101China

Developing stable electrodes for seawater splitting remains a great challenge due to the detachment of catalysts at a large operating current and severe anode corrosion caused by ***,divalent anion intercalation and etching-hydrolysis strategies are deployed to synthesize the ultra-stable anode,dendritic Fe(OH)_(3) grown on Ni(SO_4)_(0.3)(OH)_(1.4)–Ni(OH)_(2).Experimental results reveal that the anode exhibits good activity and excellent stability in alkaline simulated *** 500 h,the current density operated at 1.72 V remains 99.5%,about 210 m A cm^(-2).The outstanding stability originates from the etchinghydrolysis strategy,which strengthens the interaction between the catalyst and the carrier and retards thus the detachment of catalysts at a large current ***,theoretical simulations confirm that the intercalated divalent anions,such as SO_4^(2-) and CO_(3)^(2-),can weaken the adsorption strength of chlorine on the surface of catalysts and hinder the coupling and hybridization between chlorine and nickel,which slows down the anode corrosion and improves catalytic ***,the twoelectrode system shows the remarkable 95.1% energy efficiency at 2,000 A m-2and outstanding stability in 6 mol L^(-1) KOH +seawater at 80 ℃.

关键词： seawater splitting stability divalent anion intercalation etching-hydrolysis

Weakened tanning ability is an important mechanism for evolutionary skin lightening in East Asians

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 703-713页

作者： Youwei pu Siyu pu Yanyan Chen Qinghong Kong Xuyang liu Qi zhao Ke Xu Jiuming liu Mengyuan Li Xiaoyu Xu Xiaoyang Qiao Bing Su Jing Chen zhaohui Yang Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Academy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450052China Department of Pediatric Surgery and Laboratory of Pediatric Surgery West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou 563000China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingYunnan 650500China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

The evolution of light-skin pigmentation among Eurasians is considered as an adaptation to the high-latitude *** Asians are ideal populations for studying skin color evolution because of the complex environment of East ***,we report a strong selection signal for the pigmentation gene phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH)in light-skinned Han Chinese *** intron mutation rs10778203 in PAH is enriched in East Asians and is significantly associated with skin color of the back of the hand in Han Chinese males(P<0.05).In vitro luciferase and transcription factor binding assays show that the ancestral allele of rs10778203 could bind to SMAD2 and has a significant enhancer activity for ***,the derived T allele(the major allele in East Asians)of rs10778203 decreases the binding activity of transcription factors and enhancer ***,the derived T allele of rs10778203 shows a weaker ultraviolet radiation response in A375 cells and zebrafish ***,rs10778203 decreases melanin production in transgenic zebrafish embryos after ultraviolet B(UVB)***,PAH is a potential pigmentation gene that regulates skin tanning *** selection has enriched the adaptive allele,resulting in weakened tanning ability in East Asians,suggesting a unique genetic mechanism for evolutionary skin lightening in East Asians.

关键词： East Asians PAH Skin pigmentation Natural selection Genetic adaptation