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Design of protective and high sensitivity encapsulation layers in wearable devices

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 223-232页

作者： WANG XiuFeng HUANG JieLong liu yangchengyi TAN JinYuan CHEN ShangDa AVILA Raudel XIE ZhaoQian School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangian 41105China Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering MechanicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China

Elastomeric encapsulation layers are widely used in soft, wearable devices to physically isolate rigid electronic components from external environmental stimuli(e.g., stress) and facilitate device sterilization for reusability. In devices experiencing large deformations, the stress-isolation effect of the top encapsulation layer can eliminate the damage to the electronic components caused by external forces. However, for health monitoring and sensing applications, the strain-isolation effect of the bottom encapsulation layer can partially block the physiological signals of interest and degrade the measurement accuracy. Here, an analytic model is developed for the strain-and stress-isolation effects present in wearable devices with elastomeric encapsulation layers. The soft, elastomeric encapsulation layers and main electronic components layer are modeled as transversely isotropicelastic mediums and the strain-and stress-isolation effects are described using isolation indexes. The analysis and results show that the isolation effects strongly depend on the thickness, density, and elastic modulus of both the elastomeric encapsulation layers and the main electronic component layer. These findings, combined with the flexible mechanics design strategies of wearable devices, provide new design guidelines for future wearable devices to protect them from external forces while capturing the relevant physiological signals underneath the skin.

关键词： strain-isolation effect stress-isolation effect elastomeric encapsulation transversely isotropic medium wearable devices

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Strain-Isolation Bridge Structure to Improve Stretchability of Highly Sensitive Strain Sensors

Strain-Isolation Bridge Structure to Improve Stretchability ...

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中国力学大会-2021+1

作者： yangchengyi liu Hanghai Fan Kan Li Nie Zhao Shangda Chen Yinji Ma Xiaoping Ouyang Xiufeng Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Department of Engineering University of Cambridge AML Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University

Increasing interests of stretchable strain sensors due to their important applications in skin electronics,soft robotics,and wearable systems require the capability of detecting subtle strain and large stretched deformation,but this remains a challenge.A new strategy based on a simple bridge-like structure design,replacing previous sophisticated mechanics designs or advanced low-dimension materials (carbon-nanotubes,graphene,metal nanowires etc.),is demonstrated to disperse the applied strain effectively and prevent the conductive layer from

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Superhydrophobic MXene-Sodium Alginate Sponges for Robust Wetting-and Moisture-insensitive Human Activities Monitoring

Superhydrophobic MXene-Sodium Alginate Sponges for Robust We...

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中国力学大会-2021+1

作者： yangchengyi liu Zhong Sheng Jielong Huang Hongyan Ding Weiyi liu Jinfeng Peng Bowen Zhong Yuhui Sun Xiaoping Ouyang Huanyu Cheng Xiufeng Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State University School of Mechanical Engineering Xiangtan University

Wearable mechanical sensors are easily influenced by high humidity or water vapor resulting in inaccuracy for monitoring human health and body *** the superhydrophobic barrier has been extensively explored as passive water repel strategy on the sensor surface,the superhydrophobicity still degrades due to the nucleation and growth of small size water molecules within the rough structured *** work reports a superhydrophobic MXene-sodium alginate sponge sensor (SMSS) that synergizes the superhydrophobic surface with efficient Joule heating to sustain superhydrophobicity for both static and dynamic moisture-insensitive sensing.

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Rational modulation of fluorophosphate cathode by anionic groups to reduce the polarization behavior for fast-charging sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 509-521页

作者： Xinyuan Wang Fan Zhang Xingyu Zhou Qian Wang Changyu liu Yangyang liu Hui Wang Xiaojie liu Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University

Na3V2（PO4）2O2F （VP） is recognized as a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries due to its stable structural framework and high specific *** functional theory （DFT） and finite element simulations show that incorporating SO42-into VP decreases its band gap,lowers the migration energy barrier,and ensures a uniform Na+concentration gradient and stress distribution during charge and discharge ***,the average Na+diffusion coefficient of Na3V2（PO4）1.95（SO4）0.05O2F（VPS-1） is roughly double that of VP,leading to enhanced rate capability (80 C,75.5 mAh g-1) and cycling stability (111.0 mAh g-1capacity after 1000 cycles at 10 C current density) for ***-1 exhibits outstanding fast-charging capabilities,achieving an 80%state of charge in just 8.1 *** assembled VPS-1//SbSn/NPC full cell demonstrated stable cycling over 200 cycles at a high 5 C current,maintaining an average coulombic efficiency of 95.35%.

关键词： Anionic group modulation Polarization behavior Fast-charging Sodium-ion battery Fluorophosphate Cathode

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Oxidation Resistance of Form-stable Hightemperature Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage Materials Doped by Impregnated Graphite

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 1-12页

作者： LI Baorang DAI Jianhuan ZHANG Wei liu Xiangchen YANG liu School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China School of Ener-gy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

We adopted the solution impregnation route with aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution as liquid medium for effective surface modification on graphite *** mass ratio of graphite to Al(H_(2)PO_(4))_(3) changed from 0.5:1 to 4:1,and the impregnation time changed from 1 to 7 *** typical composite phase change thermal storage materials doped with the as-treated graphite were fabricated using form-stable *** investigate the oxidation and anti-oxidation behavior of the impregnated graphite at high temperatures,the samples were put into a muffle furnace for a cyclic heat *** on SEM,EDS,DSC techniques,analyses on the impregnated technique suggested an optimized processing conditions of a 3 h impregnation time with the ratio of graphite:Al(H_(2)PO_(4))_(3) as 1:3 for graphite impregnation *** investigations on high-temperature phase change heat storage materials doped by the treated graphite suggested excellent oxidation resistance and thermal cycling performance.

关键词： phase change materials graphite impregnation method oxidation,sintering thermal analysis

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DIGNN-A:Real-Time Network Intrusion Detection with Integrated Neural Networks Based on Dynamic Graph

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 817-842页

作者： Jizhao liu Minghao Guo College of Computer Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450007China

The increasing popularity of the Internet and the widespread use of information technology have led to a rise in the number and sophistication of network attacks and security *** detection systems are crucial to network security,playing a pivotal role in safeguarding networks from potential ***,in the context of an evolving landscape of sophisticated and elusive attacks,existing intrusion detection methodologies often overlook critical aspects such as changes in network topology over time and interactions between *** address these issues,this paper proposes a real-time network intrusion detection method based on graph neural *** proposedmethod leverages the advantages of graph neural networks and employs a straightforward graph construction method to represent network traffic as dynamic graph-structured ***,a graph convolution operation with a multi-head attention mechanism is utilized to enhance the model’s ability to capture the intricate relationships within the graph structure ***,it uses an integrated graph neural network to address dynamic graphs’structural and topological changes at different time points and the challenges of edge embedding in intrusion detection *** edge classification problem is effectively transformed into node classification by employing a line graph data representation,which facilitates fine-grained intrusion detection tasks on dynamic graph node feature *** efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated using two commonly used intrusion detection datasets,UNSW-NB15 and NF-ToN-IoT-v2,and results are compared with previous studies in this *** experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves 99.3%and 99.96%accuracy on the two datasets,respectively,and outperforms the benchmark model in several evaluation metrics.

关键词： Intrusion detection graph neural networks attention mechanisms line graphs dynamic graph neural networks

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Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang liu Yu-Chi liu Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

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Observation of topological charge transformations in acoustic vortex using passive periodic systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 140-147页

作者： Di-Chao Chen Xie liu Changqing Xu Da-Jian Wu Ying Cheng Xiao-Jun liu School of Physics and Technology Nanjing Normal University Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics School of Physics Nanjing University

Vortex transmutation utilizes a periodic system, which not only enables the alteration of the topological charge(TC) of unstable input vortices but also facilitates their transformation into stable structures. This approach is crucial for investigating the characteristics of vortices in various wave systems. Here, we achieve acoustic vortex TC transmutation by employing a welldesigned dual-structured plate external system(DPES). The interactions between the acoustic vortex and the finite-order discrete rotational symmetry lead to the transformation of its topological charge when complete rotational symmetry is broken to Nthorder discrete symmetry. Our results experimentally demonstrate the acoustic vortex TC transmutation based on passive artificial structures, enabling numerous applications in particle manipulation and information multiplexing as well as advancing our understanding and control over free-space acoustic vortices.

关键词： acoustic vortex topological charge transformation artificial structure

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The effects of exercise interventions on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in children and adolescents:a meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1513-1520页

作者： Xueyun Shao Longfei He Yangyang liu Physical Education School Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a crucial neurotrophic factor that plays a significant role in brain health. Although the vast majority of meta-analyses have confirmed that exercise interventions can increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in children and adolescents, the effects of specific types of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are still controversial. To address this issue, we used meta-analytic methods to quantitatively evaluate, analyze, and integrate relevant studies. Our goals were to formulate general conclusions regarding the use of exercise interventions, explore the physiological mechanisms by which exercise improves brain health and cognitive ability in children and adolescents, and provide a reliable foundation for follow-up research. We used the Pub Med, Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Weipu, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases to search for randomized controlled trials examining the influences of exercise interventions on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in children and adolescents. The extracted data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3. According to the inclusion criteria, we assessed randomized controlled trials in which the samples were mainly children and adolescents, and the outcome indicators were measured before and after the intervention. We excluded animal experiments, studies that lacked a control group, and those that did not report quantitative results. The mean difference(MD;before versus after intervention) was used to evaluate the effect of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in children and adolescents. Overall, 531 participants(60 children and 471 adolescents, 10.9–16.1 years) were included from 13 randomized controlled trials. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Q statistic and I^(2) test provided by Review Manager software. The meta-analysis showed that there was no heterogeneity among the studies(P = 0.67,

关键词： adolescents brain-derived neurotrophic factor children exercise meta-analysis randomized controlled trials

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The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： Zheng liu Chunhua Pan Hao Huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

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