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Soil conservation assessment via climate change and vegetation growth scenarios in the Nile River basin

Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第4期18卷 863-877页

作者： liu Hua liu yan-xu ZHAO Wen-wu PENG Da State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Space Engineering University Beijing 101416China

Soil conservation by vegetation can mitigate soil erosion hazard and prevent reductions in food ***,previous research applies little consideration to the interaction between vegetation and climate change in the estimation of future soil conservation ***,based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE),Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs,specifically RCP4.5 and RCP8.5),and the vegetation index and precipitation datasets,we built a multivariate regression equation that considers changes in vegetation growth under climate change scenarios in the context of soil *** the Nile River basin as a case study,via our established methods,we modelled and projected the impact of vegetation and climate change on future soil conservation between 2020 and 2100,where three main results were obtained:(1)under the scenarios of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 from 2020 to 2100,soil conservation in the Nile Basin will first increase and then decrease,with its highest value in the years 2060,at 117.72(t ha^(-1)y^(-1)),and 2070,at 134.39(t ha^(-1)y^(-1)).(2)Soil conservation under RCP4.5 is lower than that under the RCP8.5 scenario,with a maximum difference of 27(t ha^(-1)y^(-1))in 2040 and a minimum difference of 0.2(t ha^(-1)y^(-1))in 2100.(3)The vegetation and climate change models in 2100 had soil conservation values of 110.77(t ha^(-1)y^(-1))under RCP4.5 and 38.70(t ha^(-1)y^(-1))under *** conclusion,although vegetation growth can increase soil conservation in the Nile River basin,the change in precipitation can offset the soil conservation enhanced by vegetation growth.

关键词： Ecosystem services Land degradation RUSLE RCPs Interaction effects

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Landfill leachate production, quality and recirculation treatment in northeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 625-628页

作者： ZHAO Qing-liang liu xue-yan QI xu-dong liu Zhi-gang School of Municipal and Environment Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

Landfill leachate recirculation treatment process is a promising and economic way in northeast China due to the distinct season variation. In order to study the impact of recirculation on leachate production and its quality, two simulated sanitary landfill reactors, one with leachate recirculation and the other without, were placed outdoor in Harbin. The two-year experimental results indicated that leachate production was reduced by 86% with leachate recirculation and less or no facility for leachate treatment required. Recirculation could improve the leachate quality dramatically with lower COD, SS, NF4-N and higher pH level. Recirculation also could enhance waste degradation and stabilization and improve the efficiency of landfill. This study confirmed that leachate recirculation was a very feasible way for on-site landfill leachate treatment in cold areas.

关键词： cold area sanitary landfill leachate recirculation solid waste

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Configuration optimization of high velocity arc spraying gun

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2004年第z1期14卷 100-102页

作者： CHEN Yong-xiong ZHU Zi-xin liu yan xu Bin-shi National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Academy of Armored Forces Engineering Beijing 100072 China National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Academy of Armored Forces Engineering Beijing 100072 China National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Academy of Armored Forces Engineering Beijing 100072 China National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Academy of Armored Forces Engineering Beijing 100072 China

In order to improve the in-flight characteristics of the atomizing droplets during high velocity wire arc spraying (HVAS), some changes have been operated on the original design of the HVAS gun configuration. A comparative study was carried out to investigate the microstructure and properties of the coatings produced by the original design spraying gun and the modified one, using 3Cr13 wires of 3 mm in diameter. The characteristics of their jets were examined during spraying. The results indicate that, the included angle between the two wires and the distance from the nozzle to the meeting point of the two vires may have a strong influence on the characteristics of the in-flight droplets and then the coatings. The jet divergence is found to be lower than that of the original one (about 12° against 25°). By modified gun, the adhesion strength, the microhardness and porosity of the coating deposited by modified gun are increased by 39% and 9% respectively. And the porosity of the coatings is decreased by 57%.

关键词： high velocity arc spraying gun configuration optimization coating

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Trueness investigation of routine creatinine assays on nine homogeneous systems in Beijing demonstrates an encouraging outcome that meets clinical requirements

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第17期123卷 2364-2369页

作者： liu yan xu Guo-bin Department of Clinical Laboratory Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China

Background Serum creatinine （Scr） measurement plays a key role in glomerular filtration rate estimation （eGFR）,chronic kidney disease （CKD） diagnosis as well as CKD treatment. However, the test results of Scr from different laboratories vary significantly. In order to get comparable results, the European in vitro diagnostic （IVD） directive requires traceability to reference methods and materials. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of traceability implementation by investigating the trueness of creatinine measurement on nine homogenous systems in Beijing. Methods Commutable frozen human serum reference material, National Institute of Standards ＆ Technology （NIST） Standard Reference Material （SRM） 967, was used to verify the trueness of Scr measurement results from nine homogeneous analytical systems of seven companies which are the most widely used systems in Beijing＇s third-grade hospitals. The methods referred to the Jaffe＇s and Enzymatic methods. Results from nine routine measurement systems were assessed using two criteria： biological variability and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments＇ 88 （CLIA＇ 88）.We simulated a series of broken lines representing the limits of SD and bias that would produce a relative increase （or decrease） of 10% and 20% in the measurement error when estimating GFR （MEeGFR） using the isotope dilution mass spectrometry （IDMS）-traceable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease （MDRD） Study equation. Results of the College of American Pathologists （CAP） 2008-B LN24 Survey were compared with our investigation results. Results Compared with the total error criteria of biological variability, Ortho （traceable to IDMS） met the minimum acceptable criteria; Roche （Jaffe）, Roche （Enzymatic）, Shino and Daiichi met the desirable criteria at level Ⅰ. At level Ⅱ, Ortho （traceable to gas chromatography/isotope dilution mass spectrometry, GC/IDMS）, Dade Behring and Beckman （traceable to rate Jaffe） met the minimum acceptable criteria; Ro

关键词： creatinine glomerular filtration rate standardization

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Cardiac myxoma with glandular component: case report

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第2期119卷 174-176页

作者： liu yan xu Mei-lin Department of Pathology Tianjin Chest Hospital Tianjin 300051 China

Cardiac myxoma has varying clinical presentation, uncertain histogenesis and debatable immunohistochemical profile. Glandular epithelial differentiation is a rare phenomenon, but glandular elements are known to be present in cardiac myxoma as an intrinsic component of the tumor. We present a case of cardiac myxoma having focal glandular differentiation, with special reference to the morphologic features and immunohistochemical profiles.

关键词： left atrium myxoma glandular immunohistochemistry

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Approximate computation of Madaline sensitivity based on discrete stochastic technique

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2010年第12期53卷 2399-2414页

作者： ZHONG ShuiMing , ZENG XiaoQin, liu HuiYi & xu yan Institute of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System, College of Computer and Information Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China 1. Institute of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System College of Computer and Information Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

The computation of the sensitivity of a Madaline’s output to its parameter perturbation is system- atically discussed. Firstly, according to the discrete feature of Adalines, a method based on discrete stochastic technique is proposed, which derives some analytical formulas for the computation of Adalines’ sensitivity. The method can theoretically solve some problems that are unsolvable by the existing methods based on continu- ous stochastic techniques, release some unpractical constraints, and make it available to theoretically analyze the approximation error of Adalines’ sensitivity. Secondly, on the basis of the sensitivity of Adalines and the structural characteristics of Madalines, a new selection strategy depending on a type of dedication degree for computing Madalines’ sensitivity is proposed, which is superior to current popular way of simply averaging in both precision and complexity. The proposed formulas and algorithm have the advantages of simplicity, low computational complexity, small approximation error, and high generality, as have been verified by a great amount of experimental simulations.

关键词： Adaline Madaline feedforward networks sensitivity parameter perturbation stochastic discrete technique

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High Temperature at Grain-filling Stage Affects Nitrogen Metabolism Enzyme Activities in Grains and Grain Nutritional Quality in Rice

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Rice science 2011年第3期18卷 210-216页

作者： Cheng-gang LIANG Li-ping CHEN yan WANG Jia liu Guang-li xu Tian LI Agronomy College Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China

Rice plants would more frequently suffer from high temperature (HT) stress at the grain-filling stage in future. A japonica rice variety Koshihikari and an indica rice variety IR72 were used to study the effect of high temperature on dynamic changes of glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activity, glutamic oxalo-acetic transminase (GOT) activity, glutamate pyruvate transminase (GPT) activity in grains and grain nutritional quality at the grain-filling stage. Under HT, the activities of GOGAT, GOT, GPT and soluble protein content in grains significantly increased, whereas GS activity significantly decreased at the grain-filling stage. In addition to the increase of protein and amino acids contents, it was suggested that GOGAT, GOT and GPT in grains played important roles in nitrogen metabolism at the grain-filling stage. Since the decrease of GS activity in grains did not influence the accumulations of amino acids and protein, it is implied that GS might not be the key enzyme in regulating glutamine content in grains.

关键词： high temperature nitrogen metabolism enzyme protein amino acid rice

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Recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 alleviates learning and memory impairments via M2 microglia polarization in postoperative cognitive dysfunction mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2727-2736页

作者： Yujia liu xue Han yan Su Yiming Zhou Minhui xu Jiyan xu Zhengliang Ma Xiaoping Gu Tianjiao Xia Department of Anesthesiology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Medical School Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life of *** date,there are no viable treatment options for postoperative cognitive *** identification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction hub genes could provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for future *** identify the signaling mechanisms contributing to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,we first conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE95426 dataset,which consists of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in mouse hippocampus3 days after tibial *** dataset was enriched in genes associated with the biological process"regulation of immune cells,"of which Chill was identified as a hub ***,we investigated the contribution of chitinase-3-like protein 1 protein expression changes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the mouse model of tibial fractu re *** were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 124 hours post-surgery,and the injection groups were compared with untreated control mice for learning and memory capacities using the Y-maze and fear conditioning *** addition,protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors(interleukin-1βand inducible nitric oxide synthase),M2-type macrophage markers(CD206 and arginase-1),and cognition-related proteins(brain-derived neurotropic factor and phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit NR2B)were measured in hippocampus by western *** with recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 prevented surgery-induced cognitive impairment,downregulated interleukin-1βand nducible nitric oxide synthase expression,and upregulated CD206,arginase-1,pNR2B,and brain-derived neurotropic factor expr

关键词： Chil1 hippocampus learning and memory M2 microglia neuroinflammation postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD) recombinant CHI3L1

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Putting Tests To The Test

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长春理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2005年第1期18卷 6-7页

作者：王丽荣 liu yan xu Zhaohui 外语学院 Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun130022

Tests are usually a big part of a teacher's life. They are part of the ritual of the classroom. Students expect them. Administrators, school boards and legislators require them. They are important to us in our work; w... 详细信息

关键词： test reliability validity backwash

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W, Mo, Co Co-diffusion on Steel with Different Carbon Content

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材料热处理学报 2004年第05B期25卷 688-691页

作者： ZHANGyan-mei LIZhong-hou liuyan-ping xuZhong ResearchInstituteofSurfaceEngineering TaiyuanUniversityofTechnologyTaiyuanChina

Tungsten, molybdenum and cobalt were co-diffused into the surface of ingot, 20 steel, 45 steel and T8 steel by a double glow plasma surface alloying technique. Surface alloyed layers formed on ingot and 20 steel are composed of -Fe +(Fe,Co)7(W,Mo)6, which possess the same strong age-hardening ability as the metallurgical age-hardened high speed steel, the maximum hardness can reach 1100 HV0.o25 after ageing treatment. Surface alloyed layers formed on 45 steel and T8 steel are composed of M6C, hardness of which are over 1100-1400 HV0.o25- Alloyed layers formed on ingot and 20 steel possess good toughness. Alloyed layer of carbide type exhibits slightly brittleness.

关键词：碳含量表面铸合碳钢硬度脆性钼钴共扩散

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