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Improving Water Use Efficiency of Wheat Crop Varieties in the North China Plain: Review and Analysis

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1243-1250页

作者： MEI Xu-rong ZHONG Xiu-li Vadez Vincent liu xiao-ying Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use and Disaster Mitigation for Crops/Key Laboratory for Dryland Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)

The North China Plain （NCP）, one of the most important agricultural regions in China, is facing a major water-resource crisis evoked by excessive exploitation of groundwater. To reduce water use while maintaining high crop production level, improving variety water use efficiency （WUE） is an urgent need, especially because other water-saving measures such as water delivery, irrigation, and agricultural practices have already achieved most possible progresses. Evaluation of variety WUE can be performed accurately at the individual plant level （WUEp）. Reviewing the studies on physiological factors affecting WUE p performed up to date, stomatal conductance was considered to be an important trait associating closely with WUE p . The trait showed a large degree of varietal variability under well-watered conditions. Crop varieties differ highly in sensitivity of stomata to soil and air drying, with some varieties strongly reducing their stomatal conductance in contrast with those lightly regulating their stomata. As a result, difference among varieties in WUE p was enlarged under water deficit conditions in contrast with those under well-watered conditions. The relationship between stomatal conductance and yield depends on water availability of whole growing period in local areas. Usually, large stomatal conductance results in a high yield under good irrigation system, whereas a low stomatal conductance can lead to yield benefit under limited stored soil moisture conditions. In the NCP, winter wheat is the largest consumer of irrigation water, improvement strategies for high WUE aiming at wheat crops are in urgent need. We suggest, for the well-irrigated areas with excessive exploitation of groundwater, the wheat breeding program need to combine medium stomatal conductance （0.35 mmol H2O m-2 s-1 or so）, high carboxylation efficiency, and high harvest index. Areas with partial/full access to irrigation, or infrequent drought, should target wheat varieties with high stomatal

关键词： water use efficiency yield stomatal conductance water deficit

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Evaluation of soil erosion from chestnut forests: A case study in the Yanshan Mountains, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第2期17卷 435-447页

作者： DING Xin-hui liu xiao-ying liu Guang-quan NING Dui-hu XIE Yong-sheng HAO xiao-dong ZHOU Wei State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100048China International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation Beijing 100048China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of SciencesMinistry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation of Chengde city Chengde 067000China

Soil erosion from chestnut forests has many types and intensities. However, less attention has been paid to the increasing soil erosion in the chestnut forests of Yanshan Mountains region, North China. The objective of this study was to discuss forest ages(<5, 5~<10, 10~<20, and 20~ yr), slopes(5°~<15°, 15°~<25°, 25°~<35°, and 35°~), slope positions(upslope, midslope, downslope, and whole slope), and slope aspects(sunny, half-sunny, shade, and half-shade) effects on soil erosion types and intensities in chestnut forests. A field survey was applied to investigate in detail the contiguous chestnut forests near Changfu village of Hebei Province, China on October 9-30, 2016. Results showed that chestnut forests are dominated by moderate erosion in this region, and the soil erosionfrom chestnut forests tended to deteriorate gradually. The average land degradation index was 0.31. The erosion intensity from chestnut forests will gradually increase with the year of planting. Most of the slopes are greater than 15°, accounting for 86.7% of the total chestnut forests. Most of the chestnut forests occupy the whole slope, accounting for 47.5% of the total area. Moderate erosion occurs most commonly for different slope aspects. In conclusion, improving the preparation efficiency of chestnut forests and enhancing the construction standards of soil and water conservation measures would be useful measures to avoid soil erosion from chestnut forests reaching a more severe level.

关键词： Chestnut forest Soil erosion intensity Influencing factors Erosion control measures Yanshan Mountains

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Effects of light intensity on leaf microstructure and growth of rape seedlings cultivated under a combination of red and blue LEDs

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第1期16卷 97-105页

作者： YAO Xu-yang liu xiao-ying XU Zhi-gang JIAO Xue-lei College of Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of rape （Brassica napus L.） seedlings under different light intensities to select appropriate conditions for cultivation in an indoor system. Seedlings were grown under different light intensities of red and blue light provided by light-emitting diodes （LEDs） and their self-adjustment ability and changes in leaf microstructure were evaluated. Light was supplied by red LEDs with peak wavelengths of 630 （R1） and 660 nm （R2） and by blue LEDs （B） with a peak wavelength of 445 nm （the light intensity ratio of R1：R2：B was 3：3：2）, at intensities of 400 （R1R2B400）, 300 （R1R2B300）, and 200 μmol m-2 s-1 （R1R2B200）. Natural solar light served as the control （C）. Plant height, stem diameter, root length, leaf area, and dry weight of rape seedlings gradually increased with increasing light intensity. The seedlings in the R1R2B400 treatment grew more vigorously, while those in the R1R2B200 treatment were weaker. The photosynthetic pigment contents did not differ significantly between the R1R2B400 treatment and C, but were significantly lower in the R1R2B300 and R1R2B200 treatments. The highest intercellular CO2concentration, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were in the R1R2B300 treatment. The highest photosynthetic rate was in the R1R2B400 treatment, and was related to more compact leaves, thicker and tidier palisade and spongy tissues, and well-developed chloroplasts. In contrast, the seedlings in the R1R2B200 treatment had disordered mesophyll cells, round chloroplasts, and fractured and fuzzy grana lamellae, all of which inhibited plant growth. In conclusion, the seedlings in the R1R2B400 treatment had well-developed leaves, which favored photosynthesis. Compared with the light intensities below 300 μmol m-2 s-1, the light intensity of 400 μmol m-2 s-1 provided by a cembination of red and blue LEDs was beneficial for cultivating strong and healthy rape seedlings in an artificial system.

关键词： light intensity rape seedlings mesophyll cell chloroplast stomata photosynthetic characteristics

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The Response of Winter Wheat Root to the Period and the After-Effect of Soil Water Stress

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第4期5卷 284-290页

作者： YANG Gui-yu LUO Yuan-pei LI Bao-guo liu xiao-ying China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P.R. China Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China

To reveal the period and after-effect of soil water stress on winter wheat, the article employs the experiment results carried out in the greenhouse. The results showed that the root-restricted weights varied with stress degrees and stress times during and after water stressing. In the course of stress, the chief reason resticting the weight of root was the stress intensity at this time, and that of severe stress treatment was larger than that of mild stress treatment. After water stress was relieved, the results of the after-effect of soil water stress on root growth were that, the stress intensity of short-time and mild stress was larger than that of long-time and severe stress. Comparing two-stage stress intensities, root-restricted weight resulted from after-effect intensity of stress under all of the short-time treatment, and the mild and the long-time stress treatments, while that resulted from the period stress intensity under the severe and the long-time stress treatments. In general, the effects of water stress on root were attributed to the three factors, a formed basis in the previous stage, the after-effect of water condition before this stage and influence of water in this stage, which lead to the characters of root in the whole growth stage.

关键词： the period of stress after-effect of stress soil water root winter wheat

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Geographic Variations in the Prevalence,Awareness,Treatment,and Control of Dyslipidemia among Chinese Adults in 2018–2019:A Cross-sectional Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期36卷 313-323页

作者： ZHANG Mei PENG Ke ZHANG xiao liu Yi Shu liu xiao ying HAN Gui Yuan SHI Yu HUANG Zheng Jing LI Chun ZHAO Zhen Ping WANG Li Min LI Yi Chong National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases ShenzhenFuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShenzhen 518057GuangdongChina The George Institute for Global Health 2042New South WalesAustralia School of Medical Science Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Sydney2006New South WalesAustralia

Objective To investigate the spatial patterns of the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control rates of dyslipidemia at the provincial level in *** A national and provincial representative cross-sectional survey was conducted among 178,558 Chinese adults in 31 provinces in China's Mainland in 2018–2019,using a multi-stage,stratified,cluster-randomized sampling ***,as households,were selected,followed by a home visit to collect *** descriptive and linear regression procedures were applied in the *** The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 35.6%,and wide geographic variations of prevalence,treatment,and control rates of dyslipidemia were identified among 178,558 eligible participants with a mean age of 55.1±13.8 *** highest-lowest difference regarding the provincial level prevalence rates were 19.7%vs.2.1%for high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,16.7%vs.2.5%for high total cholesterol,35.9%vs.5.4%for high triglycerides,and 31.4%vs.10.5%for low high-density lipoprotein *** treatment rate of dyslipidemia was correlated with the socio-demographic index(P<0.001),urbanization rate(P=0.01),and affordable basic technologies and essential medicines(P<0.001).Conclusion Prevailing dyslipidemia among the Chinese population and its wide geographic variations in prevalence,treatment,and control suggest that China needs both integrated and localized public health strategies across provinces to improve lipid management.

关键词： Lipids management Dyslipidemia Public health Chinese

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刘晓鹰教授“扶中”外治法治疗儿科疾病临床经验浅析

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中国针灸 2020年第1期40卷 75-78页

作者：王元元刘晓鹰(指导) 湖北中医药大学中医临床学院武汉430065 湖北省中医院儿科武汉430061 湖北省中医药研究院武汉430074

小儿"脾常不足",脾胃之体成而未全,脾胃之气全而未壮,脾胃不足在儿科疾病发生发展、病机转归中占有相当重要的地位。刘晓鹰教授在继承全国名老中医倪珠英学术思想基础上,提出"扶中"外治法,立法取穴方面强调时时顾护小儿中焦脾胃,采用小... 详细信息

小儿"脾常不足",脾胃之体成而未全,脾胃之气全而未壮,脾胃不足在儿科疾病发生发展、病机转归中占有相当重要的地位。刘晓鹰教授在继承全国名老中医倪珠英学术思想基础上,提出"扶中"外治法,立法取穴方面强调时时顾护小儿中焦脾胃,采用小儿推拿、扶阳罐(含温推、温灸和温刮痧)、针刺(含腹针、揿针)等外治手段治疗儿科脾、肺、肾等系列疾病,取得满意疗效。

关键词：儿科疾病扶中外治法推拿腹针揿针扶阳罐

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Observation of topological charge transformations in acoustic vortex using passive periodic systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 140-147页

作者： Di-Chao Chen Xie liu Changqing Xu Da-Jian Wu ying Cheng xiao-Jun liu School of Physics and Technology Nanjing Normal University Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics School of Physics Nanjing University

Vortex transmutation utilizes a periodic system, which not only enables the alteration of the topological charge(TC) of unstable input vortices but also facilitates their transformation into stable structures. This approach is crucial for investigating the characteristics of vortices in various wave systems. Here, we achieve acoustic vortex TC transmutation by employing a welldesigned dual-structured plate external system(DPES). The interactions between the acoustic vortex and the finite-order discrete rotational symmetry lead to the transformation of its topological charge when complete rotational symmetry is broken to Nthorder discrete symmetry. Our results experimentally demonstrate the acoustic vortex TC transmutation based on passive artificial structures, enabling numerous applications in particle manipulation and information multiplexing as well as advancing our understanding and control over free-space acoustic vortices.

关键词： acoustic vortex topological charge transformation artificial structure

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Taub-NUT时空视界附近自旋场的热力学量

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物理学报 2007年第8期56卷 4337-4341页

作者：刘晓莹湛江师范学院物理系湛江524048

利用Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin近似计算了Taub-NUT时空事件视界附近自旋为1/2,1,3/2,2等无质量场的熵密度、压强和能量密度.结果表明,自旋场附近的热力学量不仅具有与平直时空相同的主导项,还多了两项自旋依赖的附加项.

关键词： Taub-NUT时空自旋场热力学量

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Green development of western cities from the perspective of informatization and greenization

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Ecological Economy 2016年第3期9卷 227-237页

作者： liu ying-xiao WANG Heng Institute of Gui-An New District Research Center for Western Modernization Research Base of Humanities and Social Science at Universities of Guizhou Province Guizhou Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center For Poverty and Development of Poverty-Stricken area

The Fifth Plenary meeting of the 18 th Central Committee put forward the idea of creative green development, which become the guide which is important concept of economic and social development in our country in the future. The contradiction between resource environment and economic development is becoming more and more outstanding with the speeding up of urbanization process in western region. The coming of big data and information age, makes the wisdom of ecological city construction to be the mainstream direction of urban development, and green development also become the core of the ecological city wisdom. In ecological concept gradually deepening of the information age, the construction of smart ecological city becomes the mainstream direction, green development also becomes the core of the smart ecological city. The path and strategies of promoting green development of western cities based on the smart ecological cities were presented in this paper, through the analysis of the background of the smart ecological city construction, the calculation of the environment carrying capacity and the ecological footprint, as well as the target for the sustainable green development of the western cities.

关键词： western cities green development smart ecological city ecological footprint informatization and greenization

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A frozen-thawed embryo transfer program improves the embryo utilization rate

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第17期122卷 1974-1978页

作者： ZHOU Feng LIN xiao-na TONG xiao-mei LI Chao liu liu JIN xiao-ying ZHU Hai-yan ZHANG Song-ying Assisted Reproduction Unit Department of Obstetrics andGynecology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang UniversitySchool of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang 310016 China

Background Frozen-thawed embryo transfer （FET） is the most common way to prevent serious late ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and increase the cumulative pregnancy rate. We evaluated the effectiveness of an FET program for improving the embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates, and ultimate embryo utilization rate in infertility treatment. Methods Patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation （IVF） cycles from January 2006 to June 2008 were enrolled, including 179 patients who had undergone the first FET cycle after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation （COH） in which all embryos were frozen （group C1） and 1306 patients who had COH with fresh embryo transfer （ET）（group T1）. Logistic regression was used to model the embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates based on the mother＇s age, numbers of oocytes retrieved, embryos transferred and high-quality embryos transferred. The embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were also compared between two groups after adjusting for age, the numbers of oocytes retrieved and the numbers of embryos transferred. Results Logistic regression analysis confirmed that embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in group C1 were both significantly higher than those in group T1 after adjusting for confounding factors （43.6% vs 29.0%, 63.1% vs 47.0%, respectively; P 〈0.01）. The embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were consistently higher in group C1 by comparing the age groups ≥35 or 〈35 years. The clinical pregnancy rates for the numbers of oocytes retrieved per cycle being ≥15 or 〈15 were higher in group C1, as was the embryo implantation rate. These differences were statistically significant for oocyte numbers 〉15 （P 〈0.05）. The embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in group C1 were both significantly higher than in group T1 when two or three embryos were transferred （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion A program of freezing all embryos and performing FET improved the rates of embryo implantation and c

关键词： embryo frozen-thawed embryo transfer pregnancy rate endometrial receptivity

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