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Pixel-level crack segmentation of tunnel lining segments based on an encoder–decoder network

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 681-698页

作者： Shaokang HOU Zhigang OU Yuequn HUANG Yaoru liu State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute Beijing 100120China State Key Laboratory of Stimulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China Hunan Provincial Water Resources Development&Investment Co. Ltd.Changsha 410007China

Regular detection and repair for lining cracks are necessary to guarantee the safety and stability of *** development of computer vision has greatly promoted structural health *** study proposes a novel encoder–decoder structure,CrackRecNet,for semantic segmentation of lining segment cracks by integrating improved VGG-19 into the U-Net *** image acquisition equipment is designed based on a camera,3-dimensional printing(3DP)bracket and two laser rangefinders.A tunnel concrete structure crack(TCSC)image data set,containing images collected from a double-shield tunnel boring machines(TBM)tunnel in China,was *** data preprocessing operations,such as brightness adjustment,pixel resolution adjustment,flipping,splitting and annotation,2880 image samples with pixel resolution of 448×448 were *** model was implemented by Pytorch in PyCharm processed with 4 NVIDIA TITAN V *** the experiments,the proposed CrackRecNet showed better prediction performance than U-Net,TernausNet,and *** paper also discusses GPU parallel acceleration effect and the crack maximum width quantification.

关键词： tunnel lining segment crack detection semantic segmentation convolutional neural network encoder-decoder structure

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黏土-砂混合物三轴压缩超声波特性研究

地下空间与工程学报 2024年第S01期20卷 119-127页

作者：刘桃根李玲王伟谢敬礼刘造保南昌工程学院土木与建筑工程学院南昌330099 河海大学岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室南京210098 河海大学岩土工程科学研究所南京210098 核工业北京地质研究所北京100029 东北大学深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室沈阳110819 东北大学深部工程与智能技术研究院沈阳110819

为研究核废料缓冲回填材料的超声波特征,本文利用岩石三轴压缩伺服仪和超声波测试系统,开展侧限压缩和常规三轴压缩2种应力路径和2种超固结比状态OCR=0.83和2.9的压实黏土-砂混合物的三轴压缩试验和超声波测试。结果表明:侧限压缩试验... 详细信息

为研究核废料缓冲回填材料的超声波特征,本文利用岩石三轴压缩伺服仪和超声波测试系统,开展侧限压缩和常规三轴压缩2种应力路径和2种超固结比状态OCR=0.83和2.9的压实黏土-砂混合物的三轴压缩试验和超声波测试。结果表明:侧限压缩试验的纵、横波波速(V_(p)、V_(s))曲线表现出与轴压-轴向应变曲线相似的3阶段特征,但V_(p)曲线具有滞后效应;常规三轴压缩试验的V_(p)增加,V_(s)降低,V_(p)和V_(s)变化与围压有关。动剪切模量和动泊松比(G_(d)和μ_(d))的曲线分别与V_(s)和V_(p)的曲线相似,围压主要影响动剪切模量的大小;V_(p)和V_(s)与有效平均压力(p)有关,V_(p)和V_(s)与p的关系可用二次函数较好描述;横波信号的主频逐渐增大,主振幅先减小后增大,主频变得不易分辨,围压越大,横波信号衰减越强;Ⅰ和Ⅱ区随偏压加载而逐渐融合,横波分裂效应减弱。研究结果可为核废料缓冲回填材料的配比设计提供参考。

关键词：压实黏土-砂混合物三轴压缩应力路径超声波波速小波变换时-频谱

High catalytic performance of neodymium modified Co_(3)O_(4) for toluene oxidation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 94-101,I0004页

作者： Yanqiong Hu Luyue Zhang Jianbei Zhang Yongjun liu School of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization Chengdu610065China

Co-based catalysts are the most promising catalysts in catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Precious metal doping is adopted to improve the catalytic activity of toluene on Co_(3)O_(4) catalysts,but greatly increases its cost along with *** is found that doping a small amount of rare earth(Ce,Pr,Sm and Nd)can dramatically promote the catalytic activity of Co_(3)O_(4).Especially,the Nd-doped Co_(3)O_(4) catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity with a toluene removal rate of 90% at 162.1℃,which is even better than that of Pt-doped Co_(3)O_(4).Compared with other rare earth metal doping,the Nd doping leads to a higher ratio of Co^(3+)/Co^(2+) and has more oxygen *** in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)experiments show that the lattice oxygen of Nd-Co sample can be utilized at a quite low temperature,while that of pure Co_(3)O_(4) cannot engage in oxidation reaction when the temperature is below 200℃,which visually demonstrates the main reason for the improved catalytic performance of Nd-Co catalyst.

关键词： Rare earth metals Nd Co_(3)O_(4) Toluene catalytic oxidation Oxygen vacancy Lattice oxygen

Vision-based docking system for an aromatic-hydrocarbon-inspired reconfigurable robot

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1798-1816页

作者： XING FangYi XU Cheng liu JinGuo XUE ZhiHui State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang110158China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110169China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Aromatic hydrocarbons generally refer to compounds containing benzene *** types of isomers can be formed by replacing hydrogen atoms on the benzene *** this paper,an aromatic-hydrocarbon-inspired modular robot(AHIMR)is *** robot can be reassembled into different configurations suitable for various task requirements.A vision-based docking system is designed for the *** system primarily consists of two stages:a remote guidance stage and a precise docking *** the remote guidance stage,an object module is identified using an illumination adaptive target recognition algorithm,and then the active module moves to the docking area through communication with *** the precise docking stage,the active module calculates the relative pose with the object module using a perspective-n-point method and dynamically adjusts its posture to *** this process,a Kalman filter is used to reduce target occlusion and jitter *** addition,the docking system feasibility is verified via several simulation *** module docking accuracy is controlled within 0.01 m,which meets the reconfiguration task requirements of the *** the AHIMR submodule docking experiment,the active module accurately moves to the expected position with a docking success rate of 95%.

关键词： modular robot reconfiguration aromatic hydrocarbon autonomous docking visual identification

An impact sensitivity assessment method of spacecraft based on virtual exterior wall

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 142-157页

作者： Runqiang Chi Yuyan liu Diqi Hu Baojun Pang Hypervelocity Impact Research Center Harbin Institute Of TechnologyHarbin150080China

The impact sensitivity assessment of spacecraft is to obtain the probability of spacecraft encountering the OD/M(orbital debris or meteoroid),which is a prerequisite for survivability assessment of on-orbit *** impact sensitivity assessment method of spacecraft based on virtual exterior wall was proposed to improve the computational *** method eliminates determination of the outermost surface elements of the spacecraft before generating the debris rays,which are assumed to originate from a non-concave virtual wall that completely wraps the *** Dist Mesh method was adopted for the generating of the virtual wall to ensure its mesh *** influences of the sizes,mesh densities,shapes of the virtual wall on the efficiency and accuracy were considered to obtain the best combination of the size and mesh density of the wall and *** results of this method were compared with those of S3DE(Survivability of Spacecraft in Space Debris Environment),BUMPER,MDPANTO,ESABASE2/Debris to verify the feasibility of the *** PCHIP(Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial)was used to fit the size *** relationship of the space debris to acquire the impact probability of OD/M with arbitrary size on the spacecraft.

关键词： Sensitivity OD/M Spacecraft Virtual exterior wall

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赤泥基纳米零价铁对多金属污染土壤修复效果

环境科学 2024年第4期45卷 2473-2478页

作者：刘龙宇杨世利赵黄诗雨常凯威余江四川大学建筑与环境学院成都610065 四川大学新能源与低碳技术研究院成都610065 四川大学宜宾产业技术研究院宜宾644000

为实现重金属复合污染(Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd)土壤同步修复,构建土壤-小白菜体系,探究赤泥(RM)、纳米赤泥(RMn)以及纳米赤泥负载纳米零价铁(RMn-nZVI)这3种不同赤泥基钝化剂对Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd复合污染土壤的修复效果与机制,并考察土壤中Pb、Zn... 详细信息

为实现重金属复合污染(Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd)土壤同步修复,构建土壤-小白菜体系,探究赤泥(RM)、纳米赤泥(RMn)以及纳米赤泥负载纳米零价铁(RMn-nZVI)这3种不同赤泥基钝化剂对Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd复合污染土壤的修复效果与机制,并考察土壤中Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd形态分布对小白菜积累Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd的控制作用.结果显示,3种钝化剂施用可显著提高土壤pH,降低土壤酸可提取态(F1)Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd含量,增加残渣态(F4)含量,最终钝化效果表现为:RMn-nZVI>RMn>RM.此外,3种钝化剂显著降低了小白菜可食用部分Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd的积累,其中RMn-nZVI处理下降低程度最高,Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd含量分别下降35.11%、45.05%、69.52%和59.63%.结果表明,纳米赤泥负载纳米零价铁新型钝化材料在重金属复合污染土壤修复领域具有一定的应用潜力.

关键词：赤泥纳米零价铁钝化重金属污染土壤

Synthesis of chitosan-based grafting magnetic flocculants for flocculation of kaolin suspensions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 193-205页

作者： Chuang liu Xiaoyu Wang Sicong Du Wenyan liang Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution/Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation/College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

A series of novel chitosan-based magnetic flocculants FS@CTS-P(AM-DMC)was prepared by molecular structure *** characterization results showed that FS@CTS-P(AM-DMC)had a uniform size of about 21.46 nm,featuring a typical core-shell structure,and the average coating layer thickness of CTS-P(AM-DMC)was about 5.03 ***@CTS-P(AM-DMC)exhibited excellent flocculation performance for kaolin suspension,achieved 92.54% turbidity removal efficiency under dosage of 150 mg/L,pH 7.0,even at high turbidity(2000 NTU)with a removal efficiency of 96.96%.The flocculation mechanism was revealed to be dominated by charge neutralization under acidic and neutral conditions,while adsorption and bridging effects play an important role in alkaline *** properties of magnetic aggregates during flocculation,breakage,and regeneration were studied at different pH levels and *** the process of magnetophoretic,magnetic particles collide and adsorb with kaolin particles continuously due to magnetic and electrostatic attraction,transform into magnetic chain clusters,and then further form three-dimensional network magnetic aggregates that can capture free kaolin particles and other chain *** image velocimetry confirmed the formation of eddy current of magnetic flocs and experienced three stages:acceleration,stabilization,and deceleration.

关键词： Magnetic flocculation Chitosan Fe_(3)O_(4) Graft copolymerization PIV

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不同注浆工艺下土钉的现场拉拔试验

中南大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第7期55卷 2690-2700页

作者：李煜张升叶新宇刘玮时一帆李柔锋田奔中南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410075 中建三局集团有限公司湖北武汉430064

针对传统注浆工艺下土钉注浆控制难、抗拔性能不佳的问题,开展不同注浆工艺的土钉现场抗拔对比试验,探究传统注浆工艺、改进式压密注浆工艺以及分步改进式压密注浆(预注浆+改进式压密注浆)3种工艺下土钉抗拔性能及荷载传递规律,并将多... 详细信息

针对传统注浆工艺下土钉注浆控制难、抗拔性能不佳的问题,开展不同注浆工艺的土钉现场抗拔对比试验,探究传统注浆工艺、改进式压密注浆工艺以及分步改进式压密注浆(预注浆+改进式压密注浆)3种工艺下土钉抗拔性能及荷载传递规律,并将多节泡土钉抗拔力现场试验结果与理论模型计算结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:注浆工艺对土钉的抗拔力影响显著,改进式压密注浆工艺和分步改进式压密注浆工艺下的土钉抗拔力是传统注浆工艺下的2倍以上,且拉拔初期的硬化现象更明显;改进式压密注浆工艺下土钉的轴力在节泡段变化显著,节泡端抗力占总抗拔力的75%左右;分步改进式压密注浆工艺下土钉轴力后段变化趋势与改进式压密注浆工艺下的土钉轴力变化趋势相似,其前段变化趋势与传统注浆工艺下土钉轴力的变化规律一样,呈线性减小,土钉端反力与侧摩擦力基本相等,且出现抗拔力软化时对应的拉拔位移最大;在3种注浆工艺下,土钉侧摩擦力都是靠近拉拔端最先屈服,且直径越大的节泡段提供的侧摩擦力越大。抗拔力理论模型能够基本反映不同注浆工艺下土钉在现场应用的抗拔规律,可为多节泡土钉的现场应用提供理论参考。

关键词：土钉注浆工艺多节泡土工织物抗拔力

Research Progress on Bionic Water Strider Robots

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 635-652页

作者： Jianhao liu Mingjun Shen Ziqiang Ma Xinping Zhou School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Biological water striders have advantages such as flexible movement,low disturbance to the water surface,and low *** have developed a large number of biomimetic water strider robots based on their movement mechanism,which have broad application prospects in water quality testing,water surface reconnaissance,and *** article mainly reviews the research progress of biomimetic water strider ***,the biological and kinematic characteristics of water striders are outlined,and some mechanical parameters of biological water striders are *** basic equations of water strider movement are then ***,an overview is given of the past and current work on skating and jumping movements of biomimetic water strider robots based on surface tension and water pressure *** on the current research status of biomimetic water strider robots,the shortcomings of current research on biomimetic water striders are summarized,and the future development of biomimetic water strider robots is *** article provides new insights for the design of biomimetic water strider robots.

关键词： Bionics Water strider Robot Motion of robots on water surface