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VMMAO-YOLO:an ultra-lightweight and scale-aware detector for real-time defect detection of avionics thermistor wire solder joints

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第3期19卷 77-92页

作者： Xiaoqi YANG Xingyue liu Qian WU Guojun WEN Shuang MEI Guanglan LIAO Tielin SHI School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The quality of the exposed avionics solder joints has a significant impact on the stable operation of the inorbit ***,the previously reported inspection methods for multi-scale solder joint defects generally suffer low accuracy and slow detection ***,a novel real-time detector VMMAO-YOLO is demonstrated based on variable multi-scale concurrency and multi-depth aggregation network(VMMANet)backbone and“one-stop”global information gather-distribute(OS-GD)*** with infrared thermography technology,it can achieve fast and high-precision detection of both internal and external solder joint ***,VMMANet is designed for efficient multi-scale feature extraction,which mainly comprises variable multi-scale feature concurrency(VMC)and multi-depth feature aggregation-alignment(MAA)*** can extract multi-scale features via multiple fix-sized and deformable convolutions,while MAA can aggregate and align multi-depth features on the same order for feature *** allows the low-level features with more spatial details to be transmitted in depth-wise,enabling the deeper network to selectively utilize the preceding inference *** VMMANet replaces inefficient highdensity deep convolution by increasing the width of intermediate feature levels,leading to a salient decline in *** OS-GD is developed for efficacious feature extraction,aggregation and distribution,further enhancing the global information gather and deployment capability of the *** a self-made solder joint image data set,the VMMAOYOLO achieves a mean average precision mAP@0.5 of 91.6%,surpassing all the mainstream YOLO-series ***,the VMMAO-YOLO has a body size of merely 19.3 MB and a detection speed up to 119 frame per second,far superior to the prevalent YOLO-series detectors.

关键词： defect detection of solder joints VMMAO-YOLO ultra-lightweight and high-performance multiscale feature extraction VMC and MAA modules OS-GD

The RUBY reporter for visual selection in soybean genome editing

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 209-213页

作者： Li Chen Yupeng Cai Xiaoqian liu Weiwei Yao Shuiqing Wu Wensheng Hou State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology(Beijing) Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Current systems to screen for transgenic soybeans(Glycine max)involve laborious molecular assays or the expression of fluorescent markers that are difficult to see in soybean ***,a visual system for early screening of transgenic plants would increase the efficiency of crop improvement by genome *** RUBY reporter system,which consists of three genes encoding betalain biosynthetic enzymes,leading to the accumulation of purple pigment in transgenic tissue,has been employed in some plants and dikaryon ***,we assessed the RUBY reporter for visual verification during soybean *** show that RUBY can be expressed in soybean,allowing for visual confirmation of transgenic events without the need for specialized *** with visible accumulation of purple pigment in any tissue were successfully transformed,confirming the accuracy of the RUBY system as a visual *** also assessed the genetic stability of the transgene across generations,which can be performed very early,using the cotyledons of the ***-free seedlings have a distinct green color,facilitating the selection of genome-edited but transgene-free soybean seedlings for *** the RUBY system,we quickly identified a transgene-free Gmwaxy mutant in the T1 *** system thus provides an efficient and convenient tool for soybean genome editing.

关键词： Soybean RUBY Visual reporter Genome editing Biotechnology

Research advance of Bacillus velezensis:bioinformatics,characteristics,and applications

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1756-1766页

作者： Ting Su Biao Shen Xingjuan Hu Yue Teng Peifang Weng Zufang Wu Lianliang liu State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of ZhejiangZhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and NutritionSchool of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315000China Zhoushan Customs District Zhoushan 316100China

Bacillus velezensis is a Gram-positive and spore-forming *** has potent antimicrobial properties that can be used to promote plant growth and as a pesticide by inhibiting *** has the capability to generate a diverse range of enzymes that have potential applications in various fields,such as enzyme production,fermented food,degradation of pollutants,and *** addition,*** is a promising *** possesses high bile-salt tolerance characteristics and has a high success rate of colonization in the intestinal ***,the strain can also regulate gut microbiota constitute by increasing the number of beneficial microorganisms and decreasing the number of ***,based on its special properties,including high-yield protease production and high salt-tolerance,*** shows potential for use in marine protein fermentation,opening up new avenues for the development of novel food products and bioactive *** addition,*** can shorten the fermentation time as well as improve the nutritional value and flavor of fermented *** safety of *** for food production was *** review provides valuable insights into the potential uses and benefits of ***,particularly in the context of fermented foods.

关键词： Bacillus velezensis Bioinformatics Properties Fermentation Bioactive peptides

Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on intestinal commensal bacteria

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第1期27卷 106-110页

作者： Li-ying liu Li Sun Zeng-Tao zhong Jun Zhu Hai-Yun Song College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agriculture University Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research Institute for Nutritional Sciences Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Ministry of Health

Nanomaterials and nanotechnology have great potential in the biological and biomedical field. Recent studies reveal that many nanomaterials possess antibacterial activities. While most of these studies focus on the ability of nanomaterials to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in vitro, few of them test the effects of nanomaterials on intestinal commensal bacteria. Here, we report that Ti O_2nanoparticles(10, 50 and 100 nm in size) can inhibit the growth of Drosophila intestinal commensal bacteria in vitro. This activity depends on the dosage or size, but is independent of the photocatalytic activity of Ti O_2 nanoparticles. Surprisingly, dietary Ti O_2 nanoparticles of the same dosage fail to display similar effects in Drosophila larvae or adults. These flies show a normal amount of intestinal commensal bacteria, as well as a normal developmental cycle, energy store, and locomotor activity. These results imply that the antibacterial effect of Ti O_2 nanoparticles differs in vitro and in vivo.

关键词：二氧化钛纳米颗粒肠道细菌二氧化钛纳米粒子病原菌生长光催化活性纳米材料体外抑制共生细菌

Assimilating FY-4A AGRI Radiances with a Channel-Sensitive Cloud Detection Scheme for the Analysis and Forecasting of Multiple Typhoons

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 937-958页

作者： Feifei SHEN Aiqing SHU Zhiquan liu Hong LI Lipeng JIANG Tao ZHANG Dongmei XU Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China China Meteorological Administration Basin Heavy Rainfall Key Laboratory/Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological AdministrationWuhan 430205China National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder 80307COUSA State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China National Meteorological Information Center Beijing 100081China Fujian Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Straits Severe Weather China Meteorological AdministrationFuzhou 350001China

This paper presents an attempt at assimilating clear-sky FY-4A Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager(AGRI)radiances from two water vapor channels for the prediction of three landfalling typhoon events over the West Pacific Ocean using the 3DVar data assimilation(DA)method along with the WRF model.A channel-sensitive cloud detection scheme based on the particle filter(PF)algorithm is developed and examined against a cloud detection scheme using the multivariate and minimum residual(MMR)algorithm and another traditional cloud mask–dependent cloud detection *** show that both channel-sensitive cloud detection schemes are effective,while the PF scheme is able to reserve more pixels than the MMR scheme for the same *** general,the added value of AGRI radiances is confirmed when comparing with the control experiment without AGRI ***,it is found that the analysis fields of the PF experiment are mostly improved in terms of better depicting the typhoon,including the temperature,moisture,and dynamical *** typhoon track forecast skill is improved with AGRI radiance DA,which could be explained by better simulating the upper *** impact of assimilating AGRI radiances on typhoon intensity forecasts is *** the other hand,improved rainfall forecasts from AGRI DA experiments are found along with reduced errors for both the thermodynamic and moisture fields,albeit the improvements are limited.

关键词： FY-4A AGRI radiance particle filter multiple typhoons data assimilation numerical weather prediction

Subtropical forest macro-decomposers rapidly transfer litter carbon and nitrogen into soil mineral-associated organic matter

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 131-139页

作者： Guoxiang Niu Tao liu Zhen Zhao Xuebing Zhang Huiling Guan Xiaoxiang He Xiankai Lu National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha410004China Lushan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiang332900China Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510650China Section of Microbial Ecology Department of BiologyLund UniversityLund22362Sweden Lutou National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Forest Ecosystem in Hunan Province Yueyang414000China

Background:Forest soils in tropical and subtropical areas store a significant amount of *** framework to assess soil organic matter(SOM)dynamics under evolving global conditions suggest that dividing bulk SOM into particulate and mineral-associated organic matter(POM ***)is a promising method for identifying how SOM contributes to reducing global *** macrofauna,earthworms,and millipedes have been found to play an important role in facilitating SOM ***,how these two co-existing macrofaunae impac the litter decomposition process and directly impact the formation of POM and MAOM remains ***:Here,we set up a microcosm experiment,which consisted of 20 microcosms with four treatments earthworm and litter addition(E),millipedes and litter addition(M),earthworm,millipedes,and litter addition(E+M),and control(only litter addition)in five *** soil and litter were sterilized prior to beginning the incubation experiment to remove any existing *** incubating the samples for 42 days,the litte properties(mass,C,and N contents),soil physicochemical properties,as well as the C and N contents,and POM and MAOM^(13)C abundance in the 0–5 and 5–10 cm soil layers were ***,the relative influences o soil physicochemical and microbial properties on the distribution of C and N in the soil fractions were analyzed Results:The litter mass,C,and N associated with all four treatments significantly decreased after incubation especially under treatment E+M(litter mass:-58.8%,litter C:-57.0%,litter N:-75.1%,respectively),while earthworm biomass significantly decreased under treatment *** or millipede addition alone showed no significant effects on the organic carbon(OC)and total nitrogen(TN)content in the POM fraction,but join addition of both significantly increased OC and TN regardless of soil ***,all three macrofauna treatments increased the OC and TN content and decreased the^(13)C abundance

关键词： Tropical and subtropical forest Soil organic matter fractions Earthworm Millipedes Litter decomposition

Implementation of a particle-in-cell method for the energy solver in 3D spherical geodynamic modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 549-563页

作者： Hao Dong ZeBin Cao LiJun liu YanChong Li Sanzhong Li LiMing Dai XinYu Li Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting TechniquesMinistry of Education and College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Marine Geology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Department of Earth Science&Environmental Change University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth’s Interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The thermal evolution of the Earth’s interior and its dynamic effects are the focus of Earth ***,the commonly adopted grid-based temperature solver is usually prone to numerical oscillations,especially in the presence of sharp thermal gradients,such as when modeling subducting slabs and rising *** phenomenon prohibits the correct representation of thermal evolution and may cause incorrect implications of geodynamic *** examining several approaches for removing these numerical oscillations,we show that the Lagrangian method provides an ideal way to solve this *** this study,we propose a particle-in-cell method as a strategy for improving the solution to the energy equation and demonstrate its effectiveness in both one-dimensional and three-dimensional thermal problems,as well as in a global spherical simulation with data *** have implemented this method in the open-source finite-element code CitcomS,which features a spherical coordinate system,distributed memory parallel computing,and data assimilation algorithms.

关键词： numerical oscillation overshooting and undershooting particle-in-cell method three-dimensional spherical geodynamic modeling energy solver finite element method

例外是如何形成的?——瑞士民主制度演变的历史制度主义分析

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南昌航空大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第2期26卷 42-52,103页

作者：刘圣中南昌航空大学文法学院南昌330063

作为世界三大民主制度类型之一的瑞士民主制度是一个例外,这一独特形态有其特殊历史根源。根据历史制度主义理论,制度变迁过程从初始制度形成开始,奠定了制度的雏形,并形成一种不断自我强化的路径依赖现象。在制度的演变过程中会出现若... 详细信息

作为世界三大民主制度类型之一的瑞士民主制度是一个例外,这一独特形态有其特殊历史根源。根据历史制度主义理论,制度变迁过程从初始制度形成开始,奠定了制度的雏形,并形成一种不断自我强化的路径依赖现象。在制度的演变过程中会出现若干关键节点,这些节点的重要性在于制度往往在演变期间形塑了基本特征。从初始制度看,特殊的山地高原地理条件是瑞士民主制度产生的主要变量;从历史演变角度看,三个关键节点如1291年、1815年、1848年的特殊背景和重大事件推动了制度形成与演变,同时也形成了制度变迁的路径依赖效应。瑞士民主制度的三大要素——直接民主制、联邦制以及永久和平制度,均是如此形成的。按照历史惯性,瑞士民主制度最终汇流于共识民主类型。

关键词：瑞士民主制度历史制度主义关键节点路径依赖共识民主

Microbiome-driven anticancer therapy:A step forward from natural products

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mLife 2024年第2期3卷 219-230页

作者： Yunxuan Guan Di Wu Hui Wang Ning-Ning liu State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer Center for Single‐Cell OmicsSchool of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Human microbiomes,considered as a new emerging and enabling cancer hallmark,are increasingly recognized as critical effectors in cancer development and *** of microbiome revitalizing anticancer therapy from natural products shows promise toward improving cancer ***,we summarize our current understanding of the human microbiome‐driven molecular mechanisms impacting cancer progression and anticancer *** highlight the potential translational and clinical implications of natural products for cancer prevention and treatment by developing targeted therapeutic strategies as adjuvants for chemotherapy and immunotherapy against *** challenges and opportunities for future investigations using modulation of the microbiome for cancer treatment are further discussed in this review.

关键词： anticancer cancer chemotherapy immunotherapy microbiota