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Predictability of the upper ocean heat content in a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 1-10页

作者： Ting liu Wenxiu zhong State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Upper ocean heat content(OHC)has been widely recognized as a crucial precursor to high-impact climate variability,especially for that being indispensable to the long-term memory of the ocean.Assessing the predictability of OHC using state-of-the-art climate models is invaluable for improving and advancing climate forecasts.Recently developed retrospective forecast experiments,based on a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system,offer a great opportunity to comprehensively explore OHC predictability.Our results indicate that the skill of actual OHC predictions varies across different oceans and diminishes as the lead time of prediction extends.The spatial distribution of the actual prediction skill closely resembles the corresponding persistence skill,indicating that the persistence of OHC serves as the primary predictive signal for its predictability.The decline in actual prediction skill is more pronounced in the Indian and Atlantic oceans than in the Pacific Ocean,particularly within tropical regions.Additionally,notable seasonal variations in the actual prediction skills across different oceans align well with the phase-locking features of OHC variability.The potential predictability of OHC generally surpasses the actual prediction skill at all lead times,highlighting significant room for improvement in current OHC predictions,especially for the North Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.Achieving such improvements necessitates a collaborative effort to enhance the quality of ocean observations,develop effective data assimilation methods,and reduce model bias.

关键词： ocean heat content prediction skill retrospective forecast experiment

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Mg-doped,carbon-coated,and prelithiated SiO_(x) as anode materials with improved initial Coulombic efficiency for lithium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 204-214页

作者： Bin liu Jie liu Cheng zhong Wenbin Hu Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University TianjinChina International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New CityFuzhouChina

Silicon suboxide(SiO_(x),x≈1)is promising in serving as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries with high capacity,but it has a low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE)due to the irreversible formation of lithium silicates during the first cycle.In this work,we modify SiO_(x) by solid-phase Mg doping reaction using low-cost Mg powder as a reducing agent.We show that Mg reduces SiO_(2) in SiO_(x) to Si and forms MgSiO_(3) or Mg_(2)SiO_(4).The MgSiO_(3) or Mg_(2)SiO_(4) are mainly distributed on the surface of SiO_(x),which suppresses the irreversible lithium-ion loss and enhances the ICE of SiO_(x).However,the formation of MgSiO_(3) or Mg_(2)SiO_(4) also sacrifices the capacity of SiO_(x).Therefore,by controlling the reaction process between Mg and SiO_(x),we can tune the phase composition,proportion,and morphology of the Mg-doped SiO_(x) and manipulate the performance.We obtain samples with a capacity of 1226 mAh g^(–1) and an ICE of 84.12%,which show significant improvement over carbon-coated SiO_(x) without Mg doping.By the synergistical modification of both Mg doping and prelithiation,the capacity of SiO_(x) is further increased to 1477 mAh g^(–1) with a minimal compromise in the ICE(83.77%).

关键词： initial Coulombic efficiency lithium-ion batteries magnesium doping prelithiation silicon suboxide

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Risk factors for brain injury in patients with exertional heatstroke:A 5-year experience

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第2期27卷 91-96页

作者： Li zhong Ming Wu Zhe-Ying liu Yan liu Zhi-Feng liu Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalGuizhou University of Chinese MedicineGuiyang550001China Department of Infection and Critical Care Medicine The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen&First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityHealth Science CenterShenzhenGuangdong province518035China Department of Medical Critical Care Medicine General Hospital of Southem Theatre Command of PLA.Guangzhou510010China Guangdong Branch Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases(Chinese PLA General Hospital)Guangzhou510010China

Purpose:Minimal data exist on brain injury in patients with exertional heatstroke(EHS)in developing country.In this study,we explored the risk factors for brain injury induced by EHS 90-day after onset.Methods:A retrospective cohort study of patients with EHS was conducted in the intensive care unit of the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA in China from April 2014 to June 2019.Patients were divided into non-brain injury(fully recovered)and brain injury groups(comprising deceased patients or those with neurological sequelae).The brain injury group was further subdivided into a death group and a sequela group for detailed analysis.General information,neurological performance and information on important organ injuries in the acute stage were recorded and analysed.Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for brain injury after EHS and mortality risk factors for brain injury,and Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to evaluate the effect of the neurological dysfunction on survival.Results:Out of the 147 EHS patients,117 were enrolled,of which 96(82.1%)recovered,13(11.1%)died,and 8(6.8%)experienced neurological sequelae.Statistically significant differences were found between non-brain injury and brain injury groups in age,hypotension,duration of consciousness disorders,time to drop core body temperature below 38.5℃,lymphocyte counts,platelet counts,procalcitonin,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,creatinine,cystatin C,coagulation parameters,international normalized ratio,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II scores,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores,and Glasgow coma scale scores(all p<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression showed that age(OR=1.090,95%CI:1.02-1.17,p=0.008),time to drop core temperature(OR=8.223,95%CI:2.30-29.40,p=0.001),and SOFA scores(OR=1.676,95%CI:1.29-2.18,p<0.001)are independent risk factors for brain injury induced by EHS.The Kaplan-Meier curves suggest significantly prolonged survival(p<0.001)in patients with

关键词： Exertional heatstroke Brain injury Sequela Risk factors Disorders of consciousness

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Superior comprehensive properties of LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/Ce_(60)Co_(40) magnetocaloric composites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1073-1086,I0003页

作者： Xichun zhong Yuanxin Li Yucai Wu Jiaohong Huang Cuilan liu Jian liu zhongwu liu Minglong zhong Zhenchen zhong R.V.Ramanujan School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths Baotou014030China Center for Advanced Solidification Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Jiangxi KeyLaboratory for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Devices&Institute for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Devices(IREMMD) Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise(SHARE) The Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics(SGSR)ProgrammeCampus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)138602Singapor

LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/Ce_(60)Co_(40) composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering and subsequent diffusion annealing.A novel core-shell structure is observed with the LaFe11.8Si1.2 particles as the core and the(La,Ce)_(2)(Fe,Co,Si)_(17)(2:17)phase as the shell.As diffusion annealing time(t_(a))increases,this core-shell structure is replaced by the formation of the(La,Ce)_(1)(Fe,Co,Si)_(13) phase.Annealing at 1323 K for 12 h results in samples with(-ΔSM)^(max) of 9.30 J/(kg·K)(Δμ0H=2 T),good mechanical properties((σbc)^(max)=402 MPa,ε=4.21%)and thermal conductivity of 8.7 W/(m·K).Thus,bulk composites with excellent comprehensive properties for magnetic refrigeration are obtained in this work.

关键词： LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/Ce_(60)Co_(40)composites Spark plasma sintering Diffusion annealing Microstructure evolution Magnetocaloric effect Rareearths

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Geobacter sulfurreducens promoted the biosynthesis of reduced graphene oxide and coupled it for nitrobenzene reduction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 458-469页

作者： Shoujuan Zhang Qi liu Linrui zhong Jianhong Jiang Xiaozhe Luo Xingxin Hu Qian liu Yue Lu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Shenzhen Research Institute Hunan UniversityShenzhen 510082China Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control Hunan UniversityMinistry of EducationChangsha 410082China China Machinery International Engineering Design&Research Institute Co. LtdChangsha 410007China Hunan Engineering Research Center for Water Treatment Process&Equipment Changsha 410007China

In order to explore an efficient and green method to deal with nitrobenzene(NB)pollutant,reduced graphene oxide(r GO)as an electron shuttle was applied to enhance the extracellular electron transfer(EET)process of Geobacter sulfurreducens,which was a typical electrochemically active bacteria(EAB).In this study,r GO biosynthesis was achieved via the reduction of graphene oxide(GO)by G.sulfurreducens PCA within 3 days.Also,the r GOPCA combining system completely reduced 50-200μmol/L of NB to aniline as end product within one day.SEM characterization revealed that PCA cells were partly wrapped by rGO,and therefore the distance of electron transfer between strain PCA and r GO material was reduced.Beside,the ID/IGof GO,r GO,and r GO-PCA combining system were 0.990,1.293 and 1.31,respectively.Moreover,highest currents were observed in r GO-PCA-NB as 12.950μA/-12.560μA at -408 m V/156 m V,attributing to the faster electron transfer efficiency in EET process.Therefore,the NB reduction was mainly due to:(I)direct EET process from G.sulfurreducens PCA to NB;(II)r GO served as electron shuttle and accelerated electron transfer to NB,which was the main degradation pathway.Overall,the biosynthesis of r GO via GO reduction by Geobacter promoted the NB removal process,which provided a facile strategy to alleviate the problematic nitroaromatic pollution in the environment.

关键词： Reduced graphene oxide Geobacter Nitrobenzene Removal Extracellular electron transfer

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Tracking Regulatory Mechanism of Trace Fe on Graphene Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 79-96页

作者： Kaili Zhang Yuhao liu Yanan liu Yuefeng Yan Guansheng Ma Bo zhong Renchao Che Xiaoxiao Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural‑Functional Integration Materials&Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology at WeihaiWeihai 264209People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China

Polarization and conductance losses are the fundamental dielectric attenuation mechanisms for graphene-based absorbers, but it is not fully understood in revealing the loss mechanism of affect graphene itself. For the first time, the reduced graphene oxide(RGO) based absorbers are developed with regulatory absorption properties and the absorption mechanism of RGO is mainly originated from the carrier injection behavior of trace metal Fe nanosheets on graphene. Accordingly, the minimum reflection loss(RLmin) of Fe/RGO-2composite reaches-53.38 dB(2.45 mm), and the effective absorption bandwidth achieves 7.52 GHz(2.62 mm) with lower filling loading of 2 wt%. Using off-axis electron hologram testing combined with simulation calculation and carrier transport property experiments, we demonstrate here the carrier injection behavior from Fe to graphene at the interface and the induced charge accumulation and rearrangement, resulting in the increased interfacial and dipole polarization and the conductance loss. This work has confirmed that regulating the dielectric property of graphene itself by adding trace metals can not only ensure good impedance matching, but also fully exploit the dielectric loss ability of graphene at low filler content,which opens up an efficient way for designing lightweight absorbers and may be extended to other types materials.

关键词： Reduced graphene oxide Fe nanosheets Dielectric loss Electromagnetic wave absorption

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Non-contact and full-field online monitoring of curing temperature during the in-situ heating process based on deep learning

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 167-176页

作者： Qiang-Qiang liu Shu-Ting liu Ying-Guang Li Xu liu Xiao-zhong Hao College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816People’s Republic of China

Online monitoring of the curing temperature field is essential to improving the quality and efficiency of the manufacturing process of composite parts.Traditional embedded sensor-based technologies have difficulty monitoring the full temperature field or have to introduce heterogeneous items that could have an undesired impact on the part.In this paper,a non-contact,full-field monitoring method based on deep learning that predicts the internal temperature field of composite parts in real time using surface temperature measurements of auxiliary materials is proposed.Using the proposed method,an average temperature monitoring accuracy of 97%is achieved in various heating patterns.In addition,this method also demonstrates satisfying feasibility when a stronger thermal barrier covers the part.This method was experimentally validated during the self-resistance electric heating process,in which the monitoring accuracy reached 93.1%.This method can potentially be applied to automated manufacturing and process control in the composites industry.

关键词： Online monitoring Curing temperature field Deep learning(DL) In-situ heating

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Superconvergence of Direct Discontinuous Galerkin Methods:Eigen-structure Analysis Based on Fourier Approach

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 257-278页

作者： Xuechun liu Haijin Wang Jue Yan Xinghui zhong School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027ZhejiangChina School of Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210023JiangsuChina Department of Mathematics Iowa State UniversityAmes50011IAUSA

This paper investigates superconvergence properties of the direct discontinuous Galerkin(DDG)method with interface corrections and the symmetric DDG method for diffusion equations.We apply the Fourier analysis technique to symbolically compute eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the amplification matrices for both DDG methods with different coefficient settings in the numerical fluxes.Based on the eigen-structure analysis,we carry out error estimates of the DDG solutions,which can be decomposed into three parts:(i)dissipation errors of the physically relevant eigenvalue,which grow linearly with the time and are of order 2k for P^(k)(k=2,3)approximations;(ii)projection error from a special projection of the exact solution,which is decreasing over the time and is related to the eigenvector corresponding to the physically relevant eigenvalue;(iii)dissipative errors of non-physically relevant eigenvalues,which decay exponentially with respect to the spatial mesh sizeΔx.We observe that the errors are sensitive to the choice of the numerical flux coefficient for even degree P^(2)approximations,but are not for odd degree P^(3)approximations.Numerical experiments are provided to verify the theoretical results.

关键词： Direct discontinuous Galerkin(DDG)method with interface correction Symmetric DDG method Superconvergence Fourier analysis Eigen-structure

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Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 177-188页

作者： Meng-Di Yuan Jun-Fa liu Bao-Liang zhong Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)WuhanHubeiChina Department of Psychiatry Wuhan Mental Health CentreWuhanHubeiChina

Background The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder(PGD)and its symptoms among the bereaved population in China vary considerably.Aims This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of PGD and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China.Methods We conducted a literature search in major Chinese and English databases from their inception to 4 October 2023,for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PGD or its symptoms in bereaved Chinese individuals.The risk of bias of the included studies and certainty of the evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data(‘JBI checklist’)and the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations(GRADE),respectively.The‘metaprop’package in R V.4.1.2 was used to synthesise the prevalence.Results A total of 28 studies involving 10994 bereaved individuals were included in the analysis,with JBI checklist scores between 3 and 7.The combined prevalence(95%confidence interval)of PGD and its symptoms was 8.9%(4.2%to 17.6%)and 32.4%(18.2%to 50.8%),respectively.PGD and its symptoms were most prevalent among those who had lost their only child(22.7%)and those bereaved by earthquakes(80.4%),respectively.The GRADE system assigned a very low certainty level to the evidence for the pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms.Conclusions The pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms indicate a potential high need for grief counselling services among bereaved individuals in China.This need is particularly pronounced in those who have lost their only child and those bereaved due to earthquakes.Further methodologically rigorous studies are needed to provide more accurate prevalence estimates.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023432553.

关键词： symptoms prevalence analysis

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Uncertainty and disturbance estimator-based model predictive control for wet flue gas desulphurization system

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 182-194页

作者： Shan liu Wenqi zhong Li Sun Xi Chen Rafal Madonski School of Energy and Environment Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of EducationSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer ScienceSilesian University of TechnologyGliwise 44-100Poland

Wet flue gas desulphurization technology is widely used in the industrial process for its capability of efficient pollution removal.The desulphurization control system,however,is subjected to complex reaction mechanisms and severe disturbances,which make for it difficult to achieve certain practically relevant control goals including emission and economic performances as well as system robustness.To address these challenges,a new robust control scheme based on uncertainty and disturbance estimator(UDE)and model predictive control(MPC)is proposed in this paper.The UDE is used to estimate and dynamically compensate acting disturbances,whereas MPC is deployed for optimal feedback regulation of the resultant dynamics.By viewing the system nonlinearities and unknown dynamics as disturbances,the proposed control framework allows to locally treat the considered nonlinear plant as a linear one.The obtained simulation results confirm that the utilization of UDE makes the tracking error negligibly small,even in the presence of unmodeled dynamics.In the conducted comparison study,the introduced control scheme outperforms both the standard MPC and PID(proportional-integral-derivative)control strategies in terms of transient performance and robustness.Furthermore,the results reveal that a lowpass-filter time constant has a significant effect on the robustness and the convergence range of the tracking error.

关键词： Desulphurization system Disturbance rejection Model predictive control Uncertainty and disturbance estimator Nonlinear system

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