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Interannual Variability of the Hadley Circulation Associated with Tropical Pacific SST Anomaly

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第4期14卷 596-603页

作者： GONG Xiaoqing WANG Qi liu yulong The Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ministry of Education Ocean University of China The Key Laboratory of Ocean-Atmospheric Interaction and Climate Universities of Shandong ProvinceOcean University of China Meteorological Institute of Tianjin National Marine Data and Information Service

The seasonal and interannual variability of zonal mean Hadley circulation are analyzed, and the important effects of sea surface temperature(SST), especially the tropical Pacific SST, on the meridional circulation are discussed. Following results are obtained: 1) the Hadley circulation presents a single clockwise(anticlockwise) cross-equator circulation in the Northern(Southern) Hemisphere winter,while it is a double-ring-shaped circulation quasi-symmetric about the equator in spring and autumn. The annual mean state just indicates the residual of the Hadley cell in winter and summer. 2) The first mode of interannual anomalies shows a single cell crossing the equator like the climatology in winter and summer but with narrower width. The second mode shows a double ring-shaped cell quasi-symmetric about the equator which is similar to the Hadley cell in spring or autumn. 3) Vertical motion of the Hadley circulation is driven by sea surface temperature(SST) through latent and sensible heat in the tropics, and the interannual anomalies are mainly driven by the SST anomaly(SSTa) in the tropical Pacific. 4) The meridional gradient of SSTa is well consistent with the lower meridional wind of Hadley circulation in the interannual part. For the spatial distribution, the meridional gradient of SSTa in the Pacific plays a major role for the first two modes while the effects of the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean can be ignored.

关键词： Hadley circulation mass stream function SSTa meridional wind vertical motion

A comparative study on the reactivity of charged Ni-rich and Ni-poor positive electrodes with electrolyte at elevated temperatures using accelerating rate calorimetry

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第9期30卷 523-530页

作者： Dongxu Ouyang yulong liu Ines Hamam Jian Wang Jeff Dahn State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H4R2Canada Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H3J5Canada

The reactivity between charged Li(Li_(0.115)Mn_(0.529)Ni_(0.339)Al_(0.017))O_(2)(Li-rich),single crystal Li(Ni_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1))O_(2)(SC-NMC811),LiFePO_(4)(LFP) and LiMn_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)PO_(4)(LMFP) positive electrodes at different states of charge(SOCs) and traditional carbonate-based electrolyte at elevated temperatures is systematically studied using accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC).The results show that the SOC greatly affects the thermal stability of the Li-rich and SC-NMC811 when traditional carbonate-based electrolyte is *** an increase in the SOC increases the energy density of lithium-ion cells,it also increases the reactivity between charged Li-rich and SC-NMC811 samples with electrolyte at elevated *** comparison with SC-NMC811,the Li-rich samples are much more stable at elevated temperatures,and the latter have higher specific ***-NMC811 samples are less reactive than traditional polycrystalline *** LFP and LMFP samples show excellent thermal stability at elevated *** substitution of Fe by Mn in the olivine series positive materials does not impact the reactivity with electrolyte.

关键词： Lithium-ion cells Accelerating rate calorimetry Positive electrodes Safety

20μm Li metal modified with phosphate rich polymer-inorganic interphase applied in commercial carbonate electrolyte

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第1期76卷 233-238,I0006页

作者： Lin Lin Wei Lu Feipeng Zhao Siru Chen Jia liu Haiming Xie yulong liu School of Chemistry Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024JilinChina Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry Ministry of Education Jilin Normal UniversityChangchun 130103JilinChina College of Information Technology Jilin Normal UniversitySiping 13600oJilinChina Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Western UniversityLondon N6A 3K7Canada

Li metal batteries are supposed to reach real application in order to fulfill the high-energy density requirement of energy storage ***,the commonly used carbonate electrolyte react with pristine Li,which result in short lifetime of lithium metal *** alleviate the side reactions of Li metal with liquid electrolyte,here we propose a phosphate rich polymer-inorganic layer as an *** to the inert properties of lithium phosphate derived from LiPO_(2)F_(2)and poly-ether,the side-reaction of carbonate solvent are *** a result,lithium metal anode sustains for 800 cycles in symmetrical cell test under 1 m A cm^(-2).Even under strict condition(20μm Li,capacity ratio N/P=2.3,electrolyte/active material=3μL mg^(-1)),coin cell test still runs stable for 150 cycles with high Coulombic ***,both LiFePO_(4)and LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)pouch cell under 5μL m A^(-1)h^(-1)condition also exhibit good stability at 0.5 C and 2 C *** this approach,high-energy and high-power Li metal batteries are approaching to real application in the near future.

关键词： Lithium metal anode Lithium phosphate Ultra-thin Lithium Solid electrolyte interphase

Unveiling and Alleviating Chemical“Crosstalk”of Succinonitrile Molecules in Hierarchical Electrolyte for High-Voltage Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第3期6卷 107-116页

作者： Fang Fu Ying liu Chen Sun Lina Cong yulong liu Liqun Sun Haiming Xie National&Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Department of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Succinonitrile-based plastic crystal electrolytes have emerged for high-energy-density Li metal batteries in terms of their superior ambient ionic conductivity,low flammability,and benign compatibility with high voltage cathode,but are hampered by inherent instabilities toward Li *** hierarchical solid electrolytes structure is a fundamental approach to protect Li anode from succinonitrile attacks,with succinonitrile-based oxidation-resistance layer facing high voltage cathode and reduction-tolerant layer contacting Li ***,free succinonitrile molecules in succinonitrile-based electrolyte layer can diffuse across the electrolyte/electrolyte interface and further reach Li anode surface during the battery *** chemical“crosstalk”cause reduction-tolerant electrolyte layer to fail to protect the Li anode from the attacks of free succinonitrile *** Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)is introduced creatively into succinonitrile-based electrolyte *** taking advantage of the complexation between La atoms in Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)and N atoms in succinonitrile,the free succinonitrile molecules are successfully immobilized in succinonitrile-based electrolyte *** resulting low resistance and highly durable solid electrolyte interphase and cathode electrolyte interphase endow NCM622||Li batteries with remarkable cycle *** research provides a new idea for the real application of plastic crystal electrolytes in high voltage solid-state lithium metal batteries.

关键词： hierarchical solid electrolytes high voltage interface lithium metal plastic crystal

Formation of Well-Mixed Warm Water Column in Central Bohai Sea During Summer: Role of High-Frequency Atmospheric Forcing

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2017年第6期16卷 945-952页

作者： MA Weiwei WAN Xiuquan WANG Zhankun liu yulong WAN Kai College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 P. R. China Physical Oceanography Laboratory/CIMST Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266100 P. R. China National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA Silver Spring MD 20910 USA Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland College Park MD 20740 USA National Marine Data and Information Service Tianjin 300171 P. R. China Beihai Offshore Engineering Survey Institute SOA Qingdao 266061 P. R. China

The influence of high-frequency atmospheric forcing on the formation of a well-mixed summer warm water column in the central Bohai Sea is investigated comparing model simulations driven by daily surface forcing and those using monthly forcing data. In the absence of high-frequency atmospheric forcing, numerical simulations have repeatedly failed to reproduce this vertically uniform column of warm water measured over the past 35 years. However, high-frequency surface forcing is found to strongly influence the structure and distribution of the well-mixed warm water column, and simulations are in good agreement with observations. Results show that high frequency forcing enhances vertical mixing over the central bank, intensifies downward heat transport, and homogenizes the water column to form the Bohai central warm column. Evidence presented shows that high frequency forcing plays a dominant role in the formation of the well-mixed warm water column in summer, even without the effects of tidal and surface wave mixing. The present study thus provides a practical and rational way of further improving the performance of oceanic simulations in the Bohai Sea and can be used to adjust parameterization schemes of ocean models.

关键词： Bohai Sea warm water column numerical simulation, high frequency forcing

Catalytic applications of amorphous alloys in wastewater treatment: A review on mechanisms, recent trends, challenges and future directions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 73-81页

作者： yulong liu Haoran Lu Tong Yang Peng Cheng Xu Han Wenyan Liang Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water PollutionCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringBejing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Amorphous alloys,with unique atomic structures and metastable nature,are treated as superior candi-dates for environmental wastewater remediation due to their superior catalytic *** the strong demand for environmental protection,the field of amorphous alloys in wastewater treatment has great development prospects,and numerous research results have been published in recent *** a promising catalyst,it was demonstrated that amorphous alloys could exhibit many excellent proper-ties in wastewater treatment,such as high catalytic efficiency,easily adjustable parameters and reliable *** paper aims to summarize recent research trends regarding amorphous alloys in the field of catalysis,focusing on the preparation methods,physical performance,catalytic mechanisms and environmental ***,this review also investigates the challenges encountered and fu-ture perspectives of amorphous alloys,offering new research opportunities to enlarge their applicability spectra.

关键词： Amorphous alloys Wastewater treatment Advanced oxidation processes Catalyst Catalytic mechanism

Effects of fish meal replacement with Chlorella meal on growth performance,pigmentation,and liver health of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 26-40页

作者： Longwei Xi Qisheng Lu yulong liu Jingzhi Su Wen Chen yulong Gong Dong Han Yunxia Yang Zhimin Zhang Junyan Jin Haokun liu Xiaoming Zhu Shouqi Xie State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Hubei Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed Wuhan 430072China The Innovative Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Chlorella meal is a potential protein source for ***,the physiological response of carnivorous fish fed Chlorella meal remains *** study evaluated the effects of replacing dietary fish meal with Chlorella meal on growth performance,pigmentation,and liver health in largemouth *** diets were formulated to replace dietary fish meal of 0%(C0,control),25%(C25),50%(C50),75%(C75),and 100%(C100)with Chlorella meal,*** 300 fish(17.6±0.03 g)were randomly assigned to 15 tanks(3 tanks/group).Fish were fed the experimental diet twice daily for 8 *** increased dietary Chlorella meal quadratically influenced the final body weight(FBW),weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR),and feed intake(FI),which were significantly lower in the C100 group than in the other groups(P<0.05).The feed conversion ratio(FCR)increased linearly or quadratically with dietary Chlorella *** Chlorella meal linearly or quadratically increased the lutein content of plasma,liver,and dorsal muscle of largemouth bass(P<0.05).Compared to the C0 group,all supplemented Chlorella meal groups significantly improved the yellowness(b*)of the dorsal body(1.5 to 2.0 fold),abdominal body(1.5 to 1.8 fold),and dorsal muscle(3.8 to 5.4 fold)of largemouth bass(P<0.05).In addition,compared to the C0 group,the liver vacuolation area of fish was significantly increased in the C75 and C100 groups(P<0.05).Transcriptional levels of apoptosis-related genes of b-cell lymphoma-2(bcl2),caspase-9-like(casp9),and caspase-3a(casp3)were markedly upregulated(0.9 to 1.6 fold)in the C100 group compared to the C0 group(P<0.05).Based on the quadratic regression analysis between FBW,WGR,or SGR and dietary Chlorella meal level,largemouth bass had the best growth when replacing 31.7%to 32.6%of fish meal with 15.03%to 15.43%dietary Chlorella *** present results indicated that dietary supplementation with Chlorella meal(11.85%to 47.45%)significantly enhanced the pigmentation;how

关键词： Chlorella meal Growth Liver health Micropterus salmoides Pigmentation

Classification of Sailboat Tell Tail Based on Deep Learning

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 710-720页

作者： CHANG Xiaofeng YU Jintao GAO Ying DING Hongchen liu yulong YU Huaming Department of Physical Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Big Data Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

The tell tail is usually placed on the triangular sail to display the running state of the air flow on the sail *** is of great significance to make accurate judgement on the drift of the tell tail of the sailboat during sailing for the best sailing *** it is difficult for sailors to keep an eye for a long time on the tell sail for accurate judging its changes,affected by strong sunlight and visual *** this case,we adopt computer vision technology in hope of helping the sailors judge the changes of the tell tail in ease with *** paper proposes for the first time a method to classify sailboat tell tails based on deep learning and an expert guidance system,supported by a sailboat tell tail classification data set on the expert guidance system of interpreting the tell tails states in different sea wind conditions,including the feature extraction *** the expression capabilities that vary with the computational features in different visual tasks,the paper focuses on five tell tail computing features,which are recoded by an automatic encoder and classified by a SVM *** experimental samples were randomly divided into five groups,and four groups were selected from each group as the training set to train the *** remaining one group was used as the test set for *** highest resolution value of the ResNet network was 80.26%.To achieve better operational results on the basis of deep computing features obtained through the ResNet network in the *** method can be used to assist the sailors in making better judgement about the tell tail changes during sailing.

关键词： tell tail sailboat classification deep learning

High-performance PVDF-HFP based gel polymer electrolyte with a safe solvent in Li metal polymer battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第10期29卷 80-88页

作者： Jing Jie yulong liu Lina Cong Bohao Zhang Wei Lu Xinming Zhang Jun liu Haiming Xie Liqun Sun National&Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Department of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024JilinChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaDavis 95616CAUnited States

Poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)based gel polymer electrolytes are widely studied owing to their electrochemical stability and high dielectric ***,most gel polymer electrolytes show unsatisfied safety and interface compatibility due to excessive absorption of volatile and flammable liquid ***,by using a safe solvent(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone)with higher boiling(203℃)and flash points(95℃),we initiatively fabricate a flexible PVDF-HFP based gel polymer *** obtained gel polymer electrolyte demonstrates a high ionic conductivity of 7.24×10^−4 S cm−1,an electrochemical window of 5.2 V,and a high lithium transference number of *** a result,the synthesized polymer electrolyte exhibits a capacity retention of 70%after 500 cycles at 0.5 C,and a discharge capacity of 86 mAh g−1 even at a high current rate of 10 C for LiFePO4 based Li metal ***,a stable Li plating/stripping for more than 500 h is achieved under 0.1 mAh at both room temperature and 70℃.Our results indicate that the PVDF-HFP polymer electrolyte is promising for manufacturing safe and high-performance Li metal polymer batteries.

关键词： Gel polymer electrolyte N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone Interface stability Li-ion conduction path