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Evolution of desertification in a two-dimensional energy balance model coupled with thermodynamics and dynamics

Science china Earth sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1726-1733页

作者： CHAO JiPing1,2 & LI YaoKun3,4 1National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, beijing 100081, china 2First institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, china 3State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics, institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 4Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing China First institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

The relationship between desert evolution and change in albedo has been investigated quasi-analytically using a zonal mean two-dimensional energy balance model which considers the radiation transmission process due to thermodynamics and bound- ary layer movement caused by kinetics. A climate state including temperature, zonal wind, meridional wind and vertical wind can be simulated according to the current zonal distribution of albedo. Given desert distribution, characterized by the value and distribution of albedo, the response of climate on albedo has been studied to analyze the evolution of desert climate. One significant result is that the simple model can reproduce mean meridional circulation. Another result indicates that climate corresponds to two equilibria. This happens when the junction temperature between vegetation and desert is higher than a certain critical value. As for the first equilibrium, the desert belt is predicted to move southward in the northern hemisphere with the increasing values of albedo, which corresponds to the current trend of climate change. For the second equilibrium, vegetation will expand northward with increasing values of albedo, which would indicate a narrowing of the desert belt. In order to determine if the two equilibria exist, new physical models are needed.

关键词： two-dimensional energy balance model desertification two equilibria

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A numerical CALCULATION METHOD FOR EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS OF NONLINEAR INTERNAL WAVES

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2009年第3期21卷 373-378页

作者： SHI Xin-gang FAN Zhi-song liu Hai-long College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Generally speaking, the background shear current U（z） must be taken into account in eigenvalue problems of nonlinear internal waves in ocean, as is different from those of linear internal waves. A numerical calculation method for eigenvalue problems of nonlinear internal waves is presented in this paper on the basis of the Thompson-Haskell＇s calculation method. As an application of this method, at a station （21°N, 117°15′E） in the South china Sea, a modal structure and parameters of nonlinear internal waves are calculated, and the results closely agree with the calculated results based on observation by Yang et al..

关键词： internal waves eigenvalue problem modal structure numerical method

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A Comparison Study of the Contributions of Additional Observations in the Sensitive Regions Identified by CNOP and FSV to Reducing Forecast Error Variance for the Typhoon Morakot

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atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第5期3卷 258-262页

作者： QIN Xiao-Hao State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics （LASG） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The sensitive regions of conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations (CNOPs) and the first singular vector (FSV) for a northwest Pacific typhoon case are reported in this paper. A large number of probes have been designed in the above regions and the ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) techniques are utilized to examine which approach can locate more appropriate regions for typhoon adaptive observations. The results show that, in general, the majority of the probes in the sensitive regions of CNOPs can reduce more forecast error variance than the probes in the sensitive regions of FSV. This implies that adaptive observations in the sensitive regions of CNOPs are more effective than in the sensitive regions of FSV. Furthermore, the reduction of the forecast error variance obtained by the best probe identified by CNOPs is twice the reduction of the forecast error variance obtained by FSV. This implies that dropping sondes, which is the best probe identified by CNOPs, can improve the forecast more than the best probe identified by FSV. These results indicate that the sensitive regions identified by CNOPs are more appropriate for adaptive observations than those identified by FSV.

关键词：扰动识别误差方差台风预报非线性敏感区预测误差传承西北太平洋

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Origins of intraseasonal rainfall variations over the southern South china Sea in boreal winter

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atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2017年第1期10卷 44-50页

作者： CAO Xi WU Ren-Guang Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

本文主要探讨冬季南海南部季节内降水变化的来源,数据主要来自于TRMM和NCEP-DOE资料,方法主要有谱分析和回归分析。研究发现南海南部的降水变化在10–20天和30–60天时间尺度上有不同的来源。10–20天时间尺度上,东亚冬季风超前于南海... 详细信息

本文主要探讨冬季南海南部季节内降水变化的来源,数据主要来自于TRMM和NCEP-DOE资料,方法主要有谱分析和回归分析。研究发现南海南部的降水变化在10–20天和30–60天时间尺度上有不同的来源。10–20天时间尺度上,东亚冬季风超前于南海南部降水异常2天。而在30–60天时间尺度上,两者几乎同时出现。此外,热带东南印度洋上的降水异常超前于南海南部一周左右,这表明热带印度洋上的对流引起的环流异常可能对南海南部30–60天时间尺度上降水异常有重要的作用,但对10–20天时间尺度上降水异常的作用并不明显。

关键词：季节内降水异常南海南部北半球冬季 10–20天和30–60天时间尺度

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Comparison of the global air-sea freshwater exchange evaluated from independent datasets

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2003年第8期 68-73页

作者： ZHOU Tianjun(State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG), institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china) State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The implied air-sea freshwater flux is examined in two reanalysis datasets provided respectively by European Center forMedium-range Weather Forecasts and National Center for Environmental Prediction. Not only for annual mean state but also for seasonalvariation, two reanalyses agree qualitatively well with each other, and both can reproduce reasonably the global distribution of E-P (i. *** minus Precipitation). In the view of quantitative comparison, however, remarkable difference has been found on regionalscales, especially over the middle and lower latitudes, with some local disagreement exceeding 100 cm/yr. One important difference be-tween current and previous evaluation is the new found net evaporation over the high latitude North Atlantic, which is demonstrated to re-sult from the transient disturbances during boreal winter.

关键词： air-sea freshwater exchange reanalysis datasets.

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Correlation of Dust Storms in china with Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Yellow Sea between 1997-2007

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atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第2期5卷 140-144页

作者： TAN Sai-Chun 1,2 and SHI Guang-Yu 1 1 State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics,institute of atmospheric physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029,china 2 key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,china State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China

Based on daily observation data at 222 meteorological stations in china,the characteristics of dust storms between 1997 and 2007 were ***,the relationship between dust events and chlorophyll (Chl) a concentration in the Yellow Sea was *** were six regions with high annual frequencies of dust *** seasonal distribution of dust storms showed spatiotemporal *** six regions with highest annual frequencies also exhibited high frequencies of dust storms in *** storms in most regions occurred in *** all dust storms in china,sixty-five percent of all dust storms occurred during the *** area and frequency of dust storms were smaller in fall and winter than in spring and summer.A significant correlation was found between dust events and Chl a concentration in the Yellow *** correlation regions included Qinghai-Xizang region,part of the Hexi Corridor,the western Inner Mongolia and Hetao Regions,and the Hunshandake *** high correlation may be induced by the high ratio of dust storms in the abovementioned regions that arrive over the Yellow Sea,as inferred through a forward trajectory analysis;especially notable is dust transported at a lower altitude (< 3 km).

关键词：叶绿素a浓度沙尘暴黄海中国青藏高原地区浑善达克沙地沙尘天气内蒙古西部

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The onset and advance of the Asian summer monsoon

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Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 80-88页

作者： Lü Junmei1,2,4, ZHANG Qingyun1, TAO Shiyan1 & JU Jianhua3 1. State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric Sci- ences and geophysical fluid dynamics, institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. Department of atmospheric sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, china 3. china Meteorological Administration Training Centre, beijing 100081, china 4. Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of atmospheric sciences Yunnan University Kunming China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China china Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing China

Based on the daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from National Oceanic and At- mospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, the Cli- mate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of pre- cipitation (CMAP) data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for At- mospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis dataset, the mean intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is investigated by using power spectrum analysis, band-pass filter, and diagnostic analyses. The processes of the onset and advance of monsoon over the southern part of Indo- china Peninsula, the east coast of Bay of Bengal, the South china Sea and the Indian subcontinent are explored. It is found that there is an abrupt change in OLR, precipitation and zonal wind during the onset and advance of the ASM. It is also indicated that the southern part of Indochina Peninsula and the adja- cent Andaman Sea is the region where the earliest onset of the ASM occurs in the 2nd pentad of May.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability onset advance.

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Dominant climate factors influencing the Arctic runoff and association between the Arctic runoff and sea ice

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第5期29卷 10-20页

作者： LI Pixue ZHANG Zhanhai liu Jiping Ocean University of china Qingdao 266100 China Polar Research institute of china Shanghai 200136 China State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric Science and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Shanghai Marine Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting Center Shanghai 200232 China

By using the Arctic runoff data from R-ArcticNET V4.0 and ArcticRIMS,trends of four major rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean,whose climate factor plays an important role in determining the variability of the Arctic runoff,are *** results show that for the past 30 years,the trend of the Arctic runoff is seasonally *** is a significant trend in spring and winter and a significant decreasing trend in summer,leading to the reduced seasonal *** spring,surface air temperature is the dominant factor influencing the four *** summer,precipitation is the most important factor for Lena and Mackenzie,while snow cover is the most important factor for Yenisei and *** Mackenzie,atmospheric circulation does play an important role for all the seasons,which is not the case for the Eurasian *** authors further discuss the relationships between the Arctic runoff and sea *** negative correlation is found at the mouth of the rivers into the Arctic Ocean in spring,while significant positive correlation is observed just at the north of the mouths of the rivers into the Arctic in *** addition,each river has different relationship with sea ice in the eastern Greenland Sea.

关键词： Arctic runoff multiple linear regressions sea ice

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Vortex genesis over the Bay of Bengal in spring and its role in the onset of the Asian Summer Monsoon

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Science china Earth sciences 2011年第1期54卷 1-9页

作者： WU GuoXiong1, GUAN Yue1,2, WANG TongMei3, liu YiMin1, YAN JingHui4 & MAO JiangYu1 1 State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG), institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3Department of atmospheric Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, china 4National Climate Center, china Meteorological Administration, beijing 100080, china State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Department of atmospheric Science Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China

Physical processes associated with onset of the 1998 Asian summer monsoon were examined in detail using multi-source datasets. We demonstrated that strong ocean-atmosphere-land interaction in the northern Indian Ocean and tropical Asian area during spring is a fundamental factor that induces the genesis and development of a monsoon onset vortex over the Bay of Bengal (BOB), with the vortex in turn triggering onset of the Asian summer monsoon. In spring, strong surface sensible heating over India and the Indochina Peninsula is transferred to the atmosphere, forming prominent in situ cyclonic circulation, with anticyclonic circulations over the Arabian Sea and northern BOB where the ocean receives abundant solar radiation. The corresponding surface winds along the North Indian Ocean coastal areas cause the ocean to produce the in situ offshore currents and upwelling, resulting in sea surface temperature (SST) cooling. With precipitation on the Indochina Peninsula increasing from late April to early May, the offshore current disappears in the eastern BOB or develops into an onshore current, leading to SST increasing. A southwest-northeast oriented spring BOB warm pool with SST >31°C forms in a band from the southeastern Arabian Sea to the eastern BOB. In early May, the Somali cross-equatorial flow forms due to the meridional SST gradient between the two hemispheres, and surface sensible heat over the African land surface. The Somali flow overlaps in phase with the anticyclone over the northern Arabian Sea in the course of its inertial fluctuation along the equator. The convergent cold northerlies on the eastern side of the anticyclone cause the westerly in the inertial trough to increase rapidly, so that enhanced sensible heat is released from the sea surface into the atmosphere. The cyclonic vorticity forced by such sensible heating is superimposed on the inertial trough, leading to its further increase in vorticity strength. Since atmospheric inertial motion is destr

关键词： air-sea interaction spring BOB warm pool monsoon onset vortex inertial oscillation Asian summer monsoon onset

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Three-dimensional decomposition method of global atmospheric circulation

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第3期51卷 386-402页

作者： liu HaiTao1,2,3, HU ShuJuan4, XU Ming5 & CHOU JiFan6,7 1 State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics, institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3 beijing Climate Center, beijing 100089, china 4 Department of Mathematics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 5 Shanghai Typhoon institute, Shanghai 200030, china 6 Department of atmospheric sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 7 china Meteorological Administration Training Center, beijing 100089, china State key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China beijing Climate Center Beijing China Department of Mathematics Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Shanghai Typhoon institute Shanghai China Department of atmospheric sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China china Meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing China

By adopting the idea of three-dimensional Walker, Hadley and Rossby stream functions, the global atmospheric circulation can be considered as the sum of three stream functions from a global per- spective. Therefore, a mathematical model of three-dimensional decomposition of global atmospheric circulation is proposed and the existence and uniqueness of the model are proved. Besides, the model includes a numerical method leading to no truncation error in the discrete three-dimensional grid points. Results also show that the three-dimensional stream functions exist and are unique for a given velocity field. The mathematical model shows the generalized form of three-dimensional stream func- tions equal to the velocity field in representing the features of atmospheric motion. Besides, the vertical velocity calculated through the model can represent the main characteristics of the vertical motion. In sum, the three-dimensional decomposition of atmospheric circulation is convenient for the further in- vestigation of the features of global atmospheric motions.

关键词： three-dimensional decomposition of the global atmospheric circulation generalized Walker Hadley and Rossby stream functions existence and uniqueness vertical motion

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