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Heterostructured crystallization mechanism and its effect on enlarging the processing window of Fe-based nanocrystalline alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第9期68卷 53-60页

作者： Tao liu Aina He Fengyu Kong Anding Wang yaqiang Dong Hua Zhang Xinmin Wang Hongwei Ni Yong Yang The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China GAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application TechnologyNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

The harsh melt-spinning and annealing processes of high saturation magnetization nanocrystalline softmagnetic alloys are the biggest obstacles for their industrialization. Here, we proposed a novel strategy to enlarge the processing window by annealing the partially crystallized precursor ribbons via a heterostructured crystallization process. The heterostructured evolution of Fe_(84.75)Si_(2)B_(9)P_(3)_(C0.5)Cu_(0.75)(at.%)alloy ribbons with different spinning rate were studied in detail, to demonstrate the gradient nucleation and grain refinement mechanisms. The nanocrystalline alloys made with industrially acceptable spinning rate of 25-30 m/s and normal annealing process exhibit excellent magnetic properties and fine nanostructure. The small quenched-in crystals/clusters in the free surface of the low spinning rate ribbons will not grow to coarse grains, because of the competitive grain growth and shielding effect of metalloid elements rich interlayer with a high stability. Avoiding the precipitation of quenched-in coarse grains in precursor ribbons is thus a new criterion for the composition and process design, which is more convenient than the former one with respect to the homogenous crystallization mechanism, and enable us to produce high performance nanocrystalline soft-magnetic alloys. This strategy is also suitable for improving the compositional adjustability, impurity tolerance, and enlarging the window of melt temperature,which is an important reference for the future development of composition and process.

关键词： Nanocrystalline alloy Processing window Surface crystallization Soft-magnetic property Heterostructured crystallization

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Atomically precise nickel-sulfur clusters for efficient electrochemical 2,5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 140-148页

作者： Fen Wang Lu-Yu liu Sha-Sha Cui Ting-Ting Li Xiao-Meng Yang Zhijuan liu Yanyong Wang Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster MaterialsGreen Catalysis Centerand College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Nickel sulfide exhibits excellent catalytic activity in the electrochemical 2,5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation reaction(HMFOR).However,due to the polydispersity of nanoparticles,it is difficult to establish a clear structure-activity relationship at the atomic *** this work,we have successfully synthesized atomically precise Ni_(6)(PET)_(12)and Ni_(4)(PET)_(8)clusters(PET:2-phenylethanethiol)for ***^(2+)and S_(2)-with atomic ratio of 1:2 was mainly existed in Ni_(6)(PET)_(12)and Ni_(4)(PET)_(8)to form Ni-S *** electrochemical test results have suggested both Ni_(6)(PET)_(12)and Ni_(4)(PET)_(8)displayed outstanding electrocatalytic ability for *** Ni_(6)(PET)_(12)exhibited better electrocatalytic ability than Ni_(4)(PET)_(8)with higher current density,lower overpotential and faster reaction *** superior electrochemical ability of Ni_(6)(PET)_(12)may be due to the enhanced adsorption towards HMF molecule with strong interaction towards hydroxyl group and furan ***,it found that the Ni^(2+)species in Ni_(6)(PET)_(12)could rapidly oxidized into Ni^(3+)species,which could spontaneously capture electron and proton from HMF for *** theoretical calculation demonstrated that the Ni_(6)(PET)_(12)process lower free energy barrier than Ni_(4)(PET)_(8)to display excellent electrocatalytic *** work is of great significance for designing efficient electrocatalysts for HMFOR.

关键词： atomically precise nickel nanoclusters 2 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electro-oxidation Ni3+species

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Solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle liu Munerah M.S.Almutairi Jie Ma Aisling Stewart Zhaohui Xing Mengxia liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho UM-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors Solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

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Hierarchical hollow microspheres assembled from carbon nanosheets integrated with molybdenum carbide nanoparticles for boosting microwave absorption properties

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 10-20页

作者： Zongsheng Chen Yahui Wang Yi liu Zhigang Li Xiangyin Lv Liping liu Yajing Chang Jiaming Shi Xiao Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology School of Electronic EngineeringNational University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230037China Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology School of Electronic EngineeringNational University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230037China Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Centre for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

Hierarchical hollow structure has demonstrated potential for enhancing electromagnetic(EM)attenuation and improving impedance matching,garnering significant attention for ***,we have successfully implemented compositional and structural engineering to fabricate hollow Mo2C/C microspheres with controllable composition by coupling interaction between dopamine hydrochloride and ammonium *** the synergistic effect of composition and hollow structure,the strongest reflection loss intensity and broadest effective absorption of the optimized sample reach-70.2 dB and 6.2 GHz,*** formation of hollow heterogeneous structures not only favors impedance matching feature,but also generates considerable contribution to EM attenuation ***,radar cross-section simulation data indicate that hollow Mo2C/C microspheres with compositional optimization and heterogeneous structures have broad prospects for practical applications.

关键词： electromagnetic absorption Mo2C/C microwave absorption hollow structure

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Three-dimensional fracture of UO2 ceramic pellets by phase field modeling

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 169-180页

作者： Wei Xiong Xuan Ye Hongzhang Cheng Xiaoming liu Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fracture is the primary failure type for the UO2ceramic pellets,which are operated under irradiation and thermal processes,and physically confined by the *** this work,by combining closely coupled physical processes of heat conduction,heat transfer,and mechanical deformation with the cohesive phase field framework,we proposed a high-precision modeling of quasistatic cracking of three-dimensional （3D） UO2ceramic fuel pellets under high temperature and *** simulation results agree well with the experimental results,indicating that the proposed method has the potential to capture 3D crack modes in the interested time ***,we studied the relation of the 3D fracture patterns of fuel pellets with the peak power *** was found that the power level plays a critical role in determining the competition between radial and circumferential cracks,as well as transverse penetrating cracks.

关键词： phase field method nuclear fuel pellet coupled thermo-mechanical model thermal fracture

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A quantum-search-based multi-classifier for image recognition

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 21-31页

作者： Lu liu Xingyu Wu Lufan Zhang Chuan Wang School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Normal University Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory Beijing Normal University

The multi-class classification of images is a pivotal challenge within the realm of image processing. As the volume of visual data continues to expand, there is a burgeoning interest in harnessing the unique capabilities of quantum computation to augment the efficiency of classification tasks. However, many existing methods for training quantum image multi-classifiers parallel classical machine learning techniques, where the requisite circuit measurements increase linearly with the volume of training data. This work introduces a novel approach for training a quantum image multi-classifier based on the quantum search algorithm. We have meticulously conducted rigorous experiments on a handwritten digit dataset, a classic benchmark in the field. The results have been meticulously compared with previous works, and the comparative analysis not only validates the efficiency of our proposed approach, requiring only O(N/b) measurements during training, but also highlights a significant quadratic speedup of the algorithm.

关键词： quantum computation image recognition quantum search algorithm

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Spin-glass behavior in the competing CoCrGaO_(4)cubic spinel system

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 501-507页

作者： Jiyu Hu Jiangli Ni Zhenfa Zi Chaocheng liu School of Physics and Materials Engineering Hefei Normal UniversityHefei 230009China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Spin glasses(SGs),generally defined as disordered systems with randomized competing interactions,are widely investigated complex *** the ground states of spin glasses is crucial for understanding the nature of disordered magnets and many other physical manifestations,while also helping to solve some hard combinatorial optimization problems across multiple ***,the intrinsic cause of SG has always been elusive,especially in spinel oxide ***,we report the SG behavior observed in the cubic spinel oxides CoCrGaO_(4),and provide a comprehensive understanding of its intrinsic *** results indicate a frustrated state under multi-magnetic competition,and the features of SG are confirmed by susceptibility *** fitting parameters ofτ0,T0,and zv of isothermal remanent magnetization further reveal the relaxation behavior and strong spin ***,the varying exchange coupling under different temperatures and magnetic fields is unveiled,which should be responsible for the disordered *** studies unravel the underlying mechanism responsible for doping-induced magnetic frustration and introduce CoCrGaO_(4)as a potential platform for investigating spin glass behavior,thereby advancing fundamental research on frustrated magnetism within the spinel system.

关键词： spin glass(SG) magnetic frustration magnetic competition spinel ferrites

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Ultrathin, flexible, and high-strength Ni/Cu/metallic glass/Cu/Ni composite with alternate magneto-electric structures for electromagnetic shielding

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第22期81卷 43-50页

作者： Zenan Ma Jiawei Li Jijun Zhang Aina He yaqiang Dong Guoguo Tan Mingqiang Ning Qikui Man Xincai liu Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application TechnologyNingbo Institute of Materials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China

Electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with ultrathin,flexible,superior mechanical and thermal management properties are highly desirable for smart and wearable ***,ultrathin and flexible Ni/Cu/metallic glass/Cu/Ni(Ni/Cu/MG)multilayer composite with alternate magnetic and electrical structures was designed via facial electroless plating of Cu and Ni on an Fe-based metallic *** resultant 0.02 mm-thick Ni/Cu/MG composite displays a superior EMI shielding effectiveness(EMI SE)of 35 dB and a great EMI SE/t of 1750 dB/mm,which is greater than those of composites with monotonous multilayer or homogeneous *** improved EMI SE originates from the massive ohmic losses,the enhanced internal reflection/absorption,and the abundant interfacial polarization ***,Ni/Cu/MG exhibits a high tensile strength of up to 1.2 GPa and outstanding mechanical stability,enabling the EMI SE remains unchanged after 10,000 times of ***,Ni/Cu/MG has excellent Joule heating characteristics and thermal stability,which is very suitable for heating components of wearable hyperthermia devices.

关键词： Electromagnetic shielding Thermal management Mechanical properties Fe-based metallic glasses Alternate magnetic and electrical structures

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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

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Continuous high-temperature rapid nanomanufacturing of electrocatalysts

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 225-235页

作者： Xiaoyang Wang Ziyi Luo Baihua Cui Ziqi Fu Yanchang liu Weidi liu Jia Ding Jianrong Zeng Yanan ChenWenbin Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaBrisbane 4072Australia Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

Encapsulating metal nanoparticles in carbon shells(Metal@C)to enhance catalytic activity and stability has been certified ***,most existing methods for preparing Metal@C are complex,time-consuming,and lack of *** this study,a novel method that couples the high-temperature shock(HTS)with ultrasonic spray pyrolysis is reported,which can realize facile and scalable production of various Metal@C through the pyrolysis of glucose and metal chloride *** proposed HTS ultrasonic spray pyrolysis offers several advantages,including compact size,short reaction time(~120 ms),and uniform *** the Ni@C-40 nanocomposite as an example,the ultrasmall Ni nanoparticles(~10 nm)with thin carbon protective shells(~2 nm)are uniformly dispersed in the carbon matrix and applied for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline *** Ni@C-40 optimized by tuning the thickness of carbon shell exhibits significantly enhanced OER activity with low overpotential of 242 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2) and stability,which is attributed to the optimized interactions between Ni nanoparticles and carbon *** method also shows promise for continuous pyrolysis synthesis of various extreme materials at ultra-high temperatures using alternative electric heating materials.

关键词： ultrasonic spray pyrolysis high-temperature shock carbon shell oxygen evolution reaction Metal@C nanocomposite

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