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Bowel preparation before colonoscopy: Consequences, mechanisms, and treatment of intestinal dysbiosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 13-26页

作者： Ze-Long zheng Qing-Fan zheng Li-Qiang Wang Yi liu Department of Gastroenterology(Endoscopy Center) China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina

The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human *** adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut *** preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel ***,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse *** focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.

关键词： Bowel preparation Colonoscopy Microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Probiotics

Scapular metastasis from acinic cell carcinoma of parotid gland:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第9期13卷 41-46页

作者： deng-Qun Sun Chang-Chun Chen Duo-An zheng Hai-yan Xing Xue Peng Department of General Surgery The Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps HospitalHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Radiology The Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps HospitalHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps HospitalHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Acinic cell carcinoma(ACC)is a malignant epithelial neoplasm that commonly occurs in the parotid *** is known to have a high recurrence rate and the potential to metastasize to the lung or cervical lymph ***,few cases of ACC with bone metastasis have been reported in the medical *** SUMMARY The clinical significance of this case report lies in the unique site of occurrence of the metastasis:To the best of our knowledge,this report is the only literature documenting ACC arising in a shoulder *** Unusual presentations of uncommon malignancies can present diagnostic challenges for both surgeons and *** is important to be aware of these rare occurrences in order to provide the best possible treatment for patients.

关键词： Acinic cell carcinoma Shoulder mass Scapular Metastasis Case report

The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： zheng liu Chunhua Pan Hao Huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

Small modifications of endo-functionalized cavities lead to large changes in molecular interaction in water

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 369-376页

作者： Song-Meng Wang Hao Nian yan-Fang Wang Li-Shuo zheng Yu-Tao zheng Yi-Wei Dong Liping Huang Xiaoping Wang Wei Jiang liu-Pan yang Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal ResourcesGuangxi Normal University School of Pharmaceutical Science Hengyang Medical School University of South China

Studying molecular recognition in aqueous environments is crucial for understanding biological processes. Herein, we present a series of N-doped endo-functionalized anthracene-based cavities by introducing inward-directed pyridine units. The subtle modifications can significantly affect the binding properties of these receptors, which is similar to the mutations in biological systems. Combining theoretical calculations and molecular recognition experiments demonstrated that these “mutations” have an impact on the hydrophobicity and charge distribution of the hosts, consequently significantly influencing molecular *** is crucial for understanding the intricate mechanisms of molecular-level interactions in biological receptors.

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T cell interactions with microglia in immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1277-1292页

作者： Yuxiao zheng Zilin Ren Ying liu Juntang yan Congai Chen yanhui He Yuyu Shi Fafeng Cheng Qingguo Wang Changxiang Li Xueqian Wang School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina Library Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina

The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke,which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue *** the first immune cells to be activated after an ischemic stroke,microglia play an important immunomodulatory role in the progression of the *** an ischemic stroke,peripheral blood immune cells(mainly T cells)are recruited to the central nervous system by chemokines secreted by immune cells in the brain,where they interact with central nervous system cells(mainly microglia)to trigger a secondary neuroimmune *** review summarizes the interactions between T cells and microglia in the immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic *** found that,during ischemic stroke,T cells and microglia demonstrate a more pronounced synergistic ***1,Th17,and M1 microglia can co-secrete proinflammatory factors,such as interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-1β,to promote neuroinflammation and exacerbate brain ***2,Treg,and M2 microglia jointly secrete anti-inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-4,interleukin-10,and transforming growth factor-β,to inhibit the progression of neuroinflammation,as well as growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor to promote nerve regeneration and repair brain *** interactions between microglia and T cells influence the direction of the subsequent neuroinflammation,which in turn determines the prognosis of ischemic stroke *** trials have been conducted on the ways to modulate the interactions between T cells and microglia toward anti-inflammatory communication using the immunosuppressant fingolimod or overdosing with Treg cells to promote neural tissue repair and reduce the damage caused by ischemic ***,such studies have been relatively infrequent,and clinical experience is still *** summary,in ischemic stroke,T cell subsets and activated micro

关键词： brain immune inflammation interaction ischemic stroke mechanism microglia neuron secondary injury T cells

Influence of introducing Zr,Ti,Nb and Ce elements on externally solidified crystals and mechanical properties of high-pressure die-casting Al–Si alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 147-153页

作者： Junjie Li Wenbo Yu Zhenyu Sun Weichen zheng Liangwei Zhang yanling Xue Wenning liu Shoumei Xiong Center of Materials Science and Engineering School of Mechanical and Electronic Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Traffic&Transportation Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High pressure die casting(HPDC)AlSi10Mn Mg alloy castings are widely used in the automobile *** can optimize the mechanical properties of castings through heat treatment,while the release of thermal stress arouses the deformation of large integrated ***,the development of non-heat treatment Al alloys is becoming the hot *** addition,HPDC contains externally solidified crystals(ESCs),which are detrimental to the mechanical properties of *** achieve high strength and toughness of non-heat treatment die-casting Al-Si alloy,we used AlSi9Mn alloy as matrix with the introduction of Zr,Ti,Nb,and *** influences on ESCs and mechanical properties were systematically investigated through three-dimensional reconstruction and thermodynamic *** results reveal that the addition of Ti increased ESCs'size and porosity,while the introduction of Nb refined ESCs and decreased ***,large-sized Al_3(Zr,Ti)phases formed and degraded the mechanical *** introduction of Ce resulted in the poisoning effect and reduced mechanical properties.

关键词： aluminium alloy high-pressure die-casting externally solidified crystals non-heat treatment

Pretreatment red blood cell distribution width as a predictive marker for postoperative complications after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 143-157页

作者： Xian-Rang Cao Yin-Long Xu Jia-Wei Chai Kai zheng Jun-Jie Kong Jun liu Shun-Zhen zheng Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalJinan 250014Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Red blood cell distribution width(RDW)is associated with the development and progression of various *** To explore the association between pretreatment RDW and short-term outcomes after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy(LPD).METHODS A total of 804 consecutive patients who underwent LPD at our hospital between March 2017 and November 2021 were retrospectively *** between pretreatment RDW and clinicopathological characteristics and short-term outcomes were *** Patients with higher pretreatment RDW were older,had higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores and were associated with poorer short-term outcomes than those with normal *** pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications(POCs)(hazard ratio=2.973,95%confidence interval:2.032-4.350,P<0.001)and severe POCs of grade IIIa or higher(hazard ratio=3.138,95%confidence interval:2.042-4.824,P<0.001)based on the Clavien-Dino classification *** analysis showed that high pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for Clavien-Dino classi-fication grade IIIb or higher POCs,a comprehensive complication index score≥26.2,severe postoperative pancreatic fistula,severe bile leakage and severe *** pretreatment RDW was positively associated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and was negatively associated with albumin and the prognostic nutritional *** Pretreatment RDW was a special parameter for patients who underwent *** was associated with malnutrition,severe inflammatory status and poorer short-term *** could be a surrogate marker for nutritional and inflammatory status in identifying patients who were at high risk of developing POCs after LPD.

关键词： Biomarker Laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy Postoperative complication Red blood cell distribution width Short-term outcomes

Hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect neurons from cardiac arrest-induced pyroptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1103-1123页

作者： Xiahong Tang Nan zheng Qingming Lin yan You zheng Gong yangping Zhuang Jiali Wu Yu Wang Hanlin Huang Jun Ke Feng Chen Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina The Second Department of Intensive Care Unit Fujian Provincial Hospital South BranchFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological *** preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest,but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are *** this end,we established an in vitro co-culture model of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and oxygen–glucose deprived primary neurons and found that hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells against neuronal pyroptosis,possibly through inhibition of the MAPK and nuclear factor κB ***,we transplanted hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle after the return of spontaneous circulation in an 8-minute cardiac arrest rat model induced by *** results showed that hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced cardiac arrest–induced neuronal pyroptosis,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial damage,whereas knockdown of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase in bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibited these *** conclude,hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic approach for neuronal injury following cardiac arrest,and their beneficial effects are potentially associated with increased expression of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase following hypoxic preconditioning.

关键词： bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells cardiac arrest cardiac resuscitation hypoxic preconditioning liver isoform of phosphofructokinase mitochondria neuroinflammation oxidative stress pyroptosis reactive oxygen species

Revealing and predicting the long-term biomechanical response of orthokeratology by developing a patient-specific computational model

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 156-168页

作者： Yifeng Li Zhuoran yang Ziming yan Huibin Shi Zhanli liu Kaijie Wang Department of Engineering Mechanics School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab

Orthokeratology(OK) is widely used for effective myopia correction and control. However, the incomplete understanding of its biomechanical mechanisms makes OK lens fitting rely heavily on clinician judgment, complicating accurate predictions of treatment outcomes. In this paper, we performed clinical experiments and numerical analysis to study corneal deformation modes and long-term changes in central corneal thickness. Clinical experiments were conducted on 194 Chinese myopic patients under OK treatment for 3 months. Based on the experimental data, a patient-specific computational biomechanical model for OK was established and validated. Specifically, the anisotropic mechanical properties of the cornea were incorporated into the model to describe the significant difference between its shear modulus(29.5 kPa) and tensile modulus(768.4 kPa). Additionally, a viscohyperelastic material model with a prolonged corneal relaxation time of 5.6 h was developed to capture the long-term deformation response. The results show that corneal thickness reduction in OK is primarily due to out-of-plane shear deformation,influenced by the cornea's low shear resistance. Modeling the extended corneal relaxation time is crucial for predicting long-term biomechanical responses. The computational model effectively captures long-term changes in central corneal thickness, potentially improving OK lens fitting accuracy.

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