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Thermally-induced cracking behaviors of coal reservoirs subjected to cryogenic liquid nitrogen shock

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 2894-2908页

作者： Songcai Han Qi Gao Xinchuang yan Lile Li lei Wang Xian Shi Chuanliang yan Daobing Wang College of Energy Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China School of Engineering The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWA6009Australia School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China

The benefits of using cryogenic liquid nitrogen shock to enhance coal permeability have been confirmed from experimental *** this paper,we develop a fully coupled thermo-elastic model in combination with the strain-based isotropic damage theory to uncover the cooling-dominated cracking behaviors through three typical cases,*** reservoirs containing a wellbore,a primary fracture,and a natural fracture network,*** progressive cracking processes,from thermal fracture initiation,propagation or cessation,deflection,bifurcation to multi-fracture interactions,can be well captured by the numerical *** is observed that two hierarchical levels of thermal fractures are formed,in which the number of shorter thermal fractures consistently exceeds that of the longer *** effects of coal properties related to thermal stress levels and thermal diffusivity on the fracture morphology are quantified by the fracture fractal dimension and the statistical fracture *** induced fracture morphology is most sensitive to changes in the elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient,both of which dominate the complexity of the fracture *** reservoir candidates with preferred thermal-mechanical properties are also recommended for improving the stimulation *** findings are that there exists a critical injection temperature and a critical in-situ stress difference,above which no thermal fractures would be *** natural fractures with higher density and preferred orientations are also essential for the formation of complex fracture *** obtained results can provide some theoretical support for cryogenic fracturing design in coal reservoirs.

关键词： Coal reservoirs Cryogenic shock Thermal cracking behaviors Fracture morphology

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Synergistic injection of the thermosensitive hydrogel and Bi-based alloy bone cement for orthopaedic repair

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2153-2163页

作者： liu SiCong LI lei JIANG ChanYuan WANG QianYu DENG ZhongShan Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100144China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Low-melting-point alloys have the advantages of good biocompatibility, plasticity, and near-bone mechanical strength, making them suitable as bone defect-filling materials for direct injection into defective bone sites. However, using low-melting-point alloys for orthopedic implants poses the challenge of causing thermal damage to the surrounding bone tissue during injection. In this study, a thermosensitive hydrogel is prepared and synergistically injected into the bone defect site with BiInSn. BiInSn solidifies and releases heat during injection, while the thermosensitive hydrogel absorbs heat and transforms into a gel state,encapsulating BiInSn. Therefore, the surrounding bone tissue is effectively protected from thermal damage. When BiInSn and the thermosensitive hydrogel were injected synergistically, in vitro thermal experiments revealed that the maximum temperature of the surrounding bone tissue reached 42℃. This temperature is below the 47℃ threshold, which causes permanent damage to bone tissues. In vivo experiments demonstrated that rats in the BiInSn-thermosensitive hydrogel group exhibited better recovery at the bone defect sites. These results suggest that the synergistic injection of Bi-based alloy and thermosensitive hydrogel is beneficial in reducing thermal damage to bone tissue, guiding bone tissue growth, and effectively facilitating the repair of bone defects.

关键词： bone defects thermosensitive hydrogel thermal damage to tissue bismuth-based alloy bone cement

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Solidification/Stabilization of Chromium in Red Mud-based Geopolymer

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 819-830页

作者：田崇霏 LUO Zhongtao liu lei liu Xiaohai 张美香陈萌 HAI Ran School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Renbang Technology Co. Ltd.Luoyang 471700China School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Architectural and Civil Engineering Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450007China

Up to 1.5wt%of Cr(Ⅲ)salts(CrCl_(3),and Cr_(2)O_(3))and Cr(Ⅵ)salts(Na_(2)CrO_(4),and CaCr_(2)O_(7))were incorporated into red mud-based geopolymers,*** solidification/stabilization,compressive strength,and durability of the Cr-containing geopolymers were *** experimental results indicate that the red mud-based geopolymer could effectively solidify/stabilize different types of Cr salts with solidification/stabilization rates of above 99.61%.Geopolymers are environmentally safe when the dosage of CaCr_(2)O_(7)is≤1.0wt%,or the dosage of CrCl_(3),Cr_(2)O_(3),and Na_(2)CrO_(4)is≤1.5wt%,*** effects of Cr salts on the compressive strength varies with the type and content of Cr *** freeze-thaw cycle is more destructive to geopolymer properties than sulfate attack or acid rain *** solidification/stabilization of Cr is mainly attributed to the following reasons:a)The chemical binding of Cr is related to the formation of Cr-containing hydrates(eg,magnesiochromite((Mg,Fe)(Cr,Al)_(2)O_(4)))and doping into N-A-S-H gel and C-A-S-H gel framework;b)The physical effect is related to the encapsulation by the hydration products(e g,N-A-S-H gel and C-A-S-H gel).This study provides a reference for the treatment of hazardous Cr-containing wastes by solid waste-based geopolymers.

关键词： chromium solidification/stabilization geopolymer red mud durability

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Geometry and formation mechanism of tension gashes and their implication on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the deep-seated strata of sedimentary basin:A case from Shunnan area of Tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 87-99页

作者： yan-Nan Du Kong-You Wu Yin liu yan-Ying Li Zi-Cheng Cao You-Wei Cui Jun liu Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas School of GeosciencesChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina Exploration and Development Research Institute SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield BranchUrumqi 830011XinjiangChina The Fifth Gas Production Plant Changqing OilfieldPetroChinaXi'an 710018ShaanxiChina

With the theoretical and technological developments related to cratonic strike-slip faults,the Shuntuoguole Low Uplift in the Tarim Basin has attracted considerable attention *** by multi-stage tectonic movements,the strike-slip faults have controlled the distribution of hydrocarbon resources owing to the special fault characteristics and fault-related *** contrast,the kinematics and formation mechanism of strike-slip faults in buried sedimentary basins are difficult to investigate,limiting the discussion of these faults and hydrocarbon *** this study,we identified the characteristics of massive sigmoidal tension gashes(STGs)that formed in the Shunnan area of the Tarim ***-resolution three-dimensional seismic data and attribute analyses were used to investigate their geometric and kinematic ***,the stress state of each point of the STGs was calculated using seismic curvature ***,the formation mechanism of the STGs and their roles in controlling hydrocarbon migration and accumulation were *** results suggest that:(1)the STGs developed in the Shunnan area have a wide distribution,with a tensile fault arranged in an enéchelon pattern,showing an S-shaped *** STGs formed in multiple stages,and differential rotation occurred along the direction of strike-slip stress during formation.(2)Near the principal displacement zone of the strike-slip faults,the stress value of the STGs was higher,gradually decreasing at both *** shallow layer deformation was greater than the deep layer deformation.(3)STGs are critical for connecting source rocks,migrating oil and gas,sealing horizontally,and developing efficient *** study not only provides seismic evidence for the formation and evolution of super large STGs,but also provides certain guidance for oil and gas exploration in this area.

关键词： Tarim Basin Sigmoidal tension gashes Seismic attributes Shear stress calculation Formation mechanism Reservoir control

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Application of organic manure as a potential strategy to alleviate the limitation of microbial resources in soybean rhizospheric and bulk soils

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2065-2082页

作者： Zhimin Wu Xiaozeng Han Xu Chen Xinchun Lu Jun yan Wei Wang Wenxiu Zou lei yan School of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081China Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150086China

The development and vigor of soil microorganisms in terrestrial ecosystems are frequently constrained by the limited availability of essential elements such as carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P).In this study,we investigated the impact of long-term application of varying levels of organic manure,low(7.5 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)),moderate(15.0 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)),and high(22.5 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)),on the stoichiometry of enzymes and the structures of the microbial communities in soybean rhizospheric and bulk *** main goal of this research was to examine how soil microbial resource limitations in the rhizosphere respond to different long-term fertilization *** soil enzymatic activities were quantified,and the structure of the microbial community was assessed by analyzing phospholipid fatty acid *** compared to the bulk soil,the rhizospheric soil had significant increases in microbial biomass carbon(MBC),nitrogen(MBN),and phosphorus(MBP),with MBC increasing by 54.19 to 72.86%,MBN by 47.30 to 48.17%,and MBP by 17.37 to 208.47%.Compared with the unfertilized control(CK),the total microbial biomasses of the rhizospheric(increased by 22.80 to 90.82%)and bulk soils(increased by 10.57 to 60.54%)both exhibited increases with the application of organic manure,and the rhizospheric biomass was higher than that of bulk *** with bulk soil,the activities of C-,N-and P-acquiring enzymes of rhizospheric soil increased by 22.49,14.88,and 29.45%under high levels of organic manure,*** of vector length,vector angle,and scatter plots revealed that both rhizospheric and bulk soils exhibited limitations in terms of both carbon(C)and phosphorus(P)*** results of partial least-squares path modelling indicated that the rhizospheric soil exhibited a more pronounced response to the rate of manure application than the bulk *** varying reactions of rhizospheric and bulk soils to the extended application of organic manure underscore

关键词： enzymatic stoichiometry rhizosphere phospholipid fatty acids soybean organic manure

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Risk Factors for Norovirus Outbreaks in Schools and Kindergartens — Beijing Municipality, China, July 2017–June 2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第33期6卷 841-845页

作者： Baiwei liu Yu Wang Mengdi Tan Boran E Dongxue Zhang Hanqiu yan Quanyi Wang Daitao Zhang lei Jia Zhiyong Gao Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and ControlBeijingChina School of Public Health China Medical UniversityShenyang CityLiaoning ProvinceChina School of Public Health Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Endocrinology Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Summary What is already known on this topic?Norovirus is the leading cause of global acute gastroenteritis *** outbreaks mainly occur in schools and kindergartens in China,always causing public health *** is added by this report?Conditional logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors for norovirus outbreaks in schools and kindergartens,and found that students vomiting at school or kindergarten,case activity in public areas,and the first case’s classroom less than 5 meters from toilets were risk *** are the implications for public health practice?Effective measures to address these factors can help reduce the risk of norovirus outbreaks in schools and kindergartens.

关键词： let garten schools

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Dynamical switchable quantum nonreciprocity induced by off-resonant chiral two-photon driving

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 31-37页

作者： Da-Wei liu Zi-Hao Li Shi-lei Chao Ying Wu liu-Gang Si School of Physics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Optical nonreciprocity,which refers to the direction-dependent emission,scattering and absorption of photons,plays a very important role in quantum engineering and quantum information ***,we propose an all-optical approach to achieve the optical dynamical switchable quantum nonreciprocity by an off-resonant chiral two-photon driving in a single microring cavity,which differs from the conventional nonreciprocal *** is shown that the optical field with time-dependent statistical properties can be generated and the nonreciprocity flips periodically,with switchable photon blockade and photon-induced tunneling *** find that the dynamical system is robust and immune to the parameter variations,which loosens the parameter range of ***,the time window for one-way quantum information is sufficiently wide and *** work opens a new idea for the current quantum nonreciprocal research,which can facilitate a memory functionality and be used for future inmemory superconducting quantum *** other nonreciprocal quantum devices,i.e.,dynamical switchable nonreciprocal squeezing and entanglement,may be inspired by our method,which is expected to have important applications in future quantum technology.

关键词： dynamical switchable nonreciprocity single-photon source chiral two-photon driving

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A Fast Insertion Tabu Search with Conflict-Avoidance Heuristic for the Multisatellite Multimode Crosslink Scheduling Problem

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 843-862页

作者： Weiyi yang lei He Xiaolu liu Weican Meng Yingwu Chen College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410000China Beijing Institude of Tranking and Telecommunication Technology Beijing 100000China

An agile earth-observing satellite equipped with multimode cameras capable of transmitting observation data to other satellites is developed to rapidly respond to requests with multiple observation *** gives rise to the Multisatellite Multimode Crosslink Scheduling(MMCS)problem,which involves allocating observation requests to agile satellites,selecting appropriate timing and observation modes for the requests,and transmitting the data to the ground station via the satellite communication ***,a mixed integer programming model is introduced to include all complex time and operation *** solve the MMCS problem,a two-stage heuristic method,called Fast insertion Tabu Search with Conflict-avoidance(FTS-C)heuristic,is *** the first stage,a conflict-avoidance insertion algorithm is designed to generate a high-quality initial solution by considering the requests transmission and ***,the tabu search-based second stage optimizes the initial ***,an extensive empirical study based on a real-world situation demonstrates that FTS-C can generate a solution with higher quality in less time than other state-of-the-art algorithms and the CPLEX solver.

关键词： earth observation satellites scheduling tabu search heuristic data transmission and download mixedinteger programming model

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A new nonfullerene acceptor with an extended π conjugation core enables ternary organic solar cells approaching 19%efficiency

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4062-4068页

作者： Chunyan liu Nailiang Qiu Zhengjin Li yan Lu School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric DevicesMinistry of EducationTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and MaterialsJining UniversityQufu 273155China

In organic solar cells(OSCs),it is an effective way to improve the power conversion efficiency(PCE)by adding a guest component with appropriate absorption and energy levels in the host ***,a new nonfullerene acceptor(NFA)named TBF-2Cl was developed by the strategy of expanding theπconjugated core of 2,2’-(((4,4,9,9-tetrahexyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b’]dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(methaneylylidene))bis(5,6-dichloro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile(IDT-4Cl)with two benzene *** increase of benzene units,TBF-2Cl exhibits higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)level of-3.75 eV than that of one benzene unit based NFA IDT-4Cl and fluorene core based NFA F-2Cl,which facilitates enhancing the open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))of ternary ***,TBF-2Cl film shows a medium optical bandgap with the absorption range from 500-800 nm,being well complementary with the wide bandgap polymer donor D18 and narrow bandgap NFA ***,a remarkable PCE of 18.92%with a high short-circuit current density(J_(sc))of 27.40 mA·cm^(-2),a fill factor(FF)of 0.749,especially an outstanding V_(oc) of 0.922 V was achieved for the optimal ternary device based on D18:TBF-2Cl:CH-6F,surpassing the binary counterpart(17.08%).The findings provide insight into the development of new guest acceptors for obtaining more efficient OSCs.

关键词： medium optical bandgap high lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)level the third component ternary organic solar cell high open-circuit voltage

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Highly Strong,Tough,and Cryogenically Adaptive Hydrogel Ionic Conductors via Coordination Interactions

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Research 2024年第3期2024卷 703-713页

作者： Zhuomin Wang Siheng Wang lei Zhang He liu Xu Xu Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and MaterialJiangsu ProvinceKey Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest ProductsNational Forestry and Grassland AdministrationNational Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Forest BiomassJiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest ResourcesChinese Academy of ForestryNanjing 210042China College of Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest ResourcesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China.

Despite the promise of high flexibility and conformability of hydrogel ionic conductors,existing polymeric conductive hydrogels have long suffered from compromises in mechanical,electrical,and cryoadaptive properties due to monotonous functional improvement strategies,leading to lingering ***,we propose an all-in-one strategy for the preparation of poly(acrylic acid)/cellulose(PAA/Cel)hydrogel ionic conductors in a facile yet effective manner combining acrylic acid and salt-dissolved cellulose,in which abundant zinc ions simultaneously form strong coordination interactions with the two polymers,while free solute salts contribute to ionic conductivity and bind water molecules to prevent ***,the developed PAA/Cel hydrogel simultaneously achieved excellent mechanical,conductive,and cryogenically adaptive properties,with performances of 42.5 MPa for compressive strength,1.6 MPa for tensile strength,896.9%for stretchability,9.2 MJ m^(−3)for toughness,59.5 kJ m^(−2)for fracture energy,and 13.9 and 6.2 mS cm^(−1)for ionic conductivity at 25 and−70°C,*** by these features,the resultant hydrogel ionic conductor is further demonstrated to be assembled as a self-powered electronic skin(e-skin)with high signal-to-noise ratio for use in monitoring movement and physiological signals regardless of cold temperatures,with hinting that could go beyond high-performance hydrogel ionic conductors.

关键词： Highly freezing salts

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