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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期29卷 790-801页

作者： YIN Wen Jiao SHEN Li Ping WANG Fu Zhen ZHANG Guo Min ZHENG Hui WANG Feng liu tie zhu MENG Qing Ling YI Yao CUI Fu Qiang BI Sheng Li National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Immunization Planning Program Chinese Center for Disease Controland PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective To determine the hepatitis B immunoprophylactic failure rate in infants born to hepatitis B virus （HBV） infected mothers and to characterize HBV genes. Methods HBV-serological testing was conducted for pregnant women and infants. The complete genomes of 30 HBV isolates were sequenced, and genetic characteristics were analyzed using MEGA 5 software. Results The immunoprophylactic failure rate for infants who had completed the scheduled hepatitis B vaccination program was 5.76% （32/556）. High sequence homology （99.8%-100%） was observed in 8 of the 10 mother-infant pairs. We identified 19 subgenotype C2 strains, 9 subgenotype B2 strains, and 2 subgenotype Cl strains. Three serotypes were detected： adr （19/30）, adw （9/30）, and ayw （2/30）. The frequency of amino acid mutation of the ＇a＇ determinant region was 16.67% （5/30）, including that of Q129H, F134Y,S136Y, and G145E. We detected 67 amino acid mutations in the basal core promoter, precore, and core regions of the genome. Conclusion The immunoprophylactic failure rate in infants born to HBV-infected mothers is low in the regions of China examined during this study. Moreover, HBV mutation in the ＇a＇ determinant region could not account for immunoprophylactic failure for all infants.

关键词： Mother-to-infant transmission Scheduled vaccination Gene characteristics 'a' determinantmutation Immune escape

以色列集体村社制度基布兹的“私有化”改革及其启示

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农业现代化研究 2021年第1期42卷 30-38页

作者：刘铁柱苑鹏山西农业大学经济管理学院山西太谷030801 中国社会科学院研究生院北京102488 中国社会科学院农村发展研究所合作经济研究中心北京100732

增强农村集体经济组织的活力,发挥集体经济的引领作用,对于实现乡村振兴战略具有积极意义。但是,过去的集体化遭遇挫折,现在新形势下的集体产权制度改革和发展新型集体经济组织又存在种种困难。因而,在发展农村集体经济过程中借鉴国外... 详细信息

增强农村集体经济组织的活力,发挥集体经济的引领作用,对于实现乡村振兴战略具有积极意义。但是,过去的集体化遭遇挫折,现在新形势下的集体产权制度改革和发展新型集体经济组织又存在种种困难。因而,在发展农村集体经济过程中借鉴国外经验就具有一定的参考价值。本文根据2017年对以色列的实地调研,并结合已有研究文献,在回顾基布兹制度特征和"私有化"改革的宏观背景基础上,围绕20世纪90年代以来基布兹的改革内容、路径和影响,分析了基布兹改革的实质。研究认为,基布兹改革的本质是在坚持生产资料集体所有制的前提下,通过所有权与经营权分离,提高经营效率;通过大幅度缩小公共福利供给范围,降低组织运营成本。改革的目标是提高组织运行效率,而不是放弃集体所有制。同时,基布兹改革背后所蕴含的发展农村集体经济的经验和教训值得反思和参考。对于当下发展新型农村集体经济来说,其健康发展必须具备三个条件:成员的集体主义认同、新型集体经济组织运行的独立性和集体经济组织体系的完整性。

关键词：基布兹集体经济组织改革运行效率成员权益

Domain generalization with semi-supervised learning for people-centric activity recognition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 171-188页

作者： Jing liu Wei zhu Di LI Xing HU Liang SONG Academy for Engineering & Technology Fudan University Shanghai East-bund Research Institute on Networking Systems of AI School of Optoelectronic Information and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science & Technology

People-centric activity recognition is one of the most critical technologies in a wide range of real-world applications,including intelligent transportation systems, healthcare services, and brain-computer interfaces. Large-scale data collection and annotation make the application of machine learning algorithms prohibitively expensive when adapting to new tasks. One way of circumventing this limitation is to train the model in a semi-supervised learning manner that utilizes a percentage of unlabeled data to reduce the labeling burden in prediction tasks. Despite their appeal, these models often assume that labeled and unlabeled data come from similar distributions, which leads to the domain shift problem caused by the presence of distribution gaps. To address these limitations, we propose herein a novel method for people-centric activity recognition,called domain generalization with semi-supervised learning(DGSSL), that effectively enhances the representation learning and domain alignment capabilities of a model. We first design a new autoregressive discriminator for adversarial training between unlabeled and labeled source domains, extracting domain-specific features to reduce the distribution gaps. Second, we introduce two reconstruction tasks to capture the task-specific features to avoid losing information related to representation learning while maintaining task-specific consistency. Finally, benefiting from the collaborative optimization of these two tasks, the model can accurately predict both the domain and category labels of the source domains for the classification task. We conduct extensive experiments on three real-world sensing datasets. The experimental results show that DGSSL surpasses the three state-of-the-art methods with better performance and generalization.

关键词： activity recognition deep learning domain generalization semi-supervised learning adversarial training

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马尔堡病毒病原学和诊断方法的研究进展

中国热带医学 2022年第5期22卷 483-488页

作者：刘铁柱李建东中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所卫生部生物安全重点实验室医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室北京102206

马尔堡病毒(Marburg virus,MARV)属丝状病毒科,是已知导致人类严重疾病的烈性的病原体之一,可导致人群大范围流行。2021年8月11日,世界卫生组织宣布西非国家几内亚出现1例马尔堡病毒病死亡病例,为该病毒的防控敲响了警钟。针对马尔堡病... 详细信息

马尔堡病毒(Marburg virus,MARV)属丝状病毒科,是已知导致人类严重疾病的烈性的病原体之一,可导致人群大范围流行。2021年8月11日,世界卫生组织宣布西非国家几内亚出现1例马尔堡病毒病死亡病例,为该病毒的防控敲响了警钟。针对马尔堡病毒尚无特效药物和疫苗,相关研究亟待开展,尤其是快速准确的诊断试剂。中国尚无马尔堡病毒病的报道,但存在输入或赴非洲务工而感染的潜在风险,需强化马尔堡病毒病防控意识。本文就马尔堡病毒的病毒学特点、感染特性以及诊断方法进行综述,以增强对马尔堡病毒的认识。

关键词：马尔堡病毒病原学诊断方法

Low-cost and fluoride-free synthesis of MFI zeolite nanosheets with enhanced stability for benzene alkylation with ethanol

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 458-468页

作者： Peng zhu Cun liu Yiren Yu Guoshu Gao Yumeng Zhao Xiongfu Zhang Guodong liu Guohui Yang State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zeolite nanosheets with a short b-axis thickness are highly desirable in lots of catalytic reactions due to their reduced diffusion resistance. Nevertheless, conventional synthesis methods usually require expensive structure-directing agents(SDAs), pricey raw materials, and eco-unfriendly fluorine-containing additives. Here, we contributed a cost-effective and fluoride-free synthesis method for synthesizing high-quality MFI zeolite nanosheets through a Silicalite-1(Sil-1) seed suspension and urea cooperative strategy, only with inexpensive colloidal silica as the Si source. Our approach was effective for synthesizing both Sil-1 and aluminum-containing ZSM-5 nanosheets. By optimizing key synthesis parameters,including seed aging time, seed quantity, and urea concentration, we achieved precise control over the crystal face aspect ratio and b-axis thickness. We also revealed a non-classical oriented nanosheet growth mechanism, where Sil-1 seeds induced the formation of quasi-ordered precursor particles, and the(010)crystal planes of these particles facilitated urea adsorption, thereby promoting c-axis-oriented *** obtained ZSM-5 nanosheets exhibited exceptional catalytic performance in the benzene alkylation with ethanol, maintaining stability for over 500 h, which is 5 times longer than traditional ZSM-5 catalysts. Furthermore, large-scale production of ZSM-5 nanosheets was successfully carried out in a 3 L highpressure autoclave, yielding samples consistent with those from laboratory-scale synthesis. This work marks a significant step forward in the sustainable and efficient production of MFI nanosheets using inexpensive and environmentally friendly raw materials, offering the broad applicability in catalysis.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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延边地区杨干隐喙象的发生现状及治理对策

中国植保导刊 2006年第3期26卷 23-24页

作者：金大勇刘铁柱延边大学农学院延边州森林病虫防治检疫站

针对延边地区杨干隐喙象的发生现状,分析了大发生的原因,指出了目前在技术指导、预防、管理、监测和防治等方面存在的问题,提出了相应的治理对策。

关键词：延边地区杨干隐喙象发生现状治理对策

Software-defined process-near-memory architecture using 3D hybrid bonding integration

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 366-378页

作者： Anlin XU Chenchen DENG Jianfeng zhu Yao WANG Shaojun WEI Leibo liu School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Beijing Institution of Tracking and Communication Technology Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University

With the unprecedented explosive growing amount of global data, the development of computing chips, which encounter bottlenecks such as power wall and memory wall, cannot satisfy the demanding requirement. This work proposes a software-defined process-near-memory(SDPNM) computing architecture implemented using 3D hybrid bonding *** software-defined chip architecture, featuring spatial computations and dynamic reconfiguration, innovates in a top-down manner to achieve high energy efficiency while maintaining flexibility after fabrication. The process-near-memory integration further advances the SDNPM chip in a bottom-up way to reduce the energy consumption of data movement while improving the bandwidth. Utilizing a relatively mature fabrication and bonding process can result in feasible solutions for both data-intensive and compute-intensive applications including digital signal processing and artificial intelligence. The logic die is fabricated in the SMIC 40 nm process and the DRAM die is fabricated in the PSMC 25 nm process. The hybrid bonding is implemented by XMC. The experimental results show that the energy efficiency of the proposed SDPNM chip is 33.1× better than the state-of-the-art FPGA ranging from 8.2× to 104.1×.

关键词： software-defined chips process near memory energy efficiency dynamic reconfiguration domain specific

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Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling zhu Chengjun Ji Biao zhu Lingli liu Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil is the largest carbon(C) reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N) deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC) storage, but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains unclear. Here, we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N addition. Our analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%), with greater increases in croplands(10.6%) and forests(6.0%) compared to grasslands(2.1%). Regarding SOC components, N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%) over microbial-derived C(0.2%), as well as labile(5.7%) over recalcitrant components(–1.2%), resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile C. Consistently, N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%) than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%), suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools, with more increase in unstable than stable pools. The responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary productivity. Overall, our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool, which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

关键词： meta-analysis nitrogen enrichment soil organic carbon carbon accumulation carbon stability

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基于人机协同的开放教育教学分析框架构建

宁波大学学报（教育科学版） 2023年第1期45卷 50-58页

作者：刘铁柱宁波开放大学教学中心浙江宁波315016

传统的开放教育教学面临资源短缺、评价困难、管理繁琐、教学分析方法局限性大等问题。文章基于人机协同理念设计开放教育教学分析框架,人类教师与智能机器双向赋能,为教学、评价和管理工作高效开展打开新局面。应用该框架分析开放教育... 详细信息

传统的开放教育教学面临资源短缺、评价困难、管理繁琐、教学分析方法局限性大等问题。文章基于人机协同理念设计开放教育教学分析框架,人类教师与智能机器双向赋能,为教学、评价和管理工作高效开展打开新局面。应用该框架分析开放教育的一堂面授辅导课,通过机器视觉分析、自然语言处理和教师协同分析,突破开放教育教学分析瓶颈,提升开放教育课堂分析的效率,从而助推开放教育实现内涵式发展。

关键词：人机协同开放教育教学分析教育人工智能

Near-perfect replication on amorphous alloys through active force modulation based on machine learning/neural network parameter prediction

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 181-191页

作者： Senkuan Meng Zheng Wang Ruisong zhu Ruijie liu Jiang Ma Lina Hu Weihua Wang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

As a microforming technique, micro/nano-structural replication possesses advantages of high precision and efficiency. With the remarkable superplasticity in the supercooled liquid region, amorphous alloys or metallic glasses(MGs) are regarded as ideal materials for miniature fabrication. However, due to the intrinsic metastable nature of supercooled liquids, the design of imprinting processes for MGs poses a challenge. In the past, process parameters have largely relied on trial-and-error *** this work, a low-frequency active force modulation system is employed to apply a stable, precise, and real-time feedback stress field for imprinting of MG samples. Low-frequency vibrations can facilitate the filling of microstructures on the template surface by reducing the effective viscosity of the supercooled liquid. With the dataset composed of orthogonal experiments, a machine learning strategy based on back-propagation(BP) neural networks was utilized to construct a 3D parameter space for temperature, stress, and time, and to predict the corresponding filling ratio. Furthermore, the optimal combination of imprinting process parameters was identified, and its filling ratio was experimentally validated to reach as high as 0.94. The near-perfect replication of microstructures confirms the superiority of the active force modulation system and the data-driven strategy of machine learning-assisted parameter design. At the same time, this one-step microforming process provides a new approach to addressing the accuracy-cost trade-off dilemma in precision manufacturing.

关键词： metallic glass amorphous alloy microforming imprinting machine learning