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CIIE Helps European SMEs Explore the Chinese Market

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China Today 2022年第12期71卷 31-33页

作者： LIU TING 不详

Many foreign small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have seized opportunities at the CIIE to exhibit their specialties to Chinese consumers while expressing their expectations to penetrate China’s huge market.OVER the past five years,the China International Import Expo (CIIE) has provided a platform for multinationals to exhibit their flagship products and services.It also of-fered a chance for foreign small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to build their presence in the Chinese market.The 2022 CIIE welcomed many new faces of SMEs from Europe,which brought exotic specialties to Chinese consumers as well as opportunities for cooperation.

关键词： SMEs Market enterprises

The cooling models of Earth’s early mantle

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地球化学学报(英文) 2023年第5期42卷 803-816页

作者： ting He Qingwen Zhang Yun liu Research Center for Planetary Science College of Earth SciencesChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The thermal state of the early Earth’s interior and its way of cooling are crucial for its subsequent evo-lution.Earth is initially hot as it acquired enormous heat in response to violent processes during its formation,e.g.,the Moon-forming giant impact,the segregation and formation of its metallic core,the tidal interaction with the early Moon,and the decay of radioactive elements,etc.In the meantime,the cooling mechanisms of early Earth’s mantle remain elusive despite their importance,and the previously proposed cooling models of the mantle are controversial.In this paper,we first reviewed several prevalent parameter-ized thermal evolution models of the early mantle.The models give unrealistic predictions since they were estab-lished solely based on a single tectonic regime,such as the stagnant-lid regime,or relied on the disputable existence of the plate tectonics prior to-3.5 Ga.Then we argue that the mantle should have started to cool down from a very hot state after the solidification of the ferocious magma ocean.Instead of using one single scaling law to describe a single-stage model,we suggest that an episodic multi-stage cooling model(EMCM)of the early mantle could be more plausible to account for the mantle’s early cooling process.The model reconciles with the fact that the mantle cools down from a hot state prior to*3.5 Ga and can also explain the well-constrained post-3.5 Ga thermal history of the mantle.

关键词： Thermal evolution Mantle Parameterized model Episodic cooling Early mantle

Cold Resources,Hot Gains

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ChinAfrica 2024年第3期16卷 22-23页

作者： LIU TING 不详

Ice and snow tourism injects new momentum into rural revitalisation and high-quality development in northwest China’s Xinjiang,Local temperatures reached minus 20 degrees Celsius in December 2023 in Altay,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,but such harsh weather did not hinder well-equipped enthusiasts from skiing in the local Jiangjun Mountain Ski Resort.Since its opening in November,the resort has received an average of more than 4,000 visitors per day,far exceeding that of the same period in previous years.

关键词： Xinjiang northwest weather

Bidirectional Transformer with absolute-position aware relative position encoding for encoding sentences

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第1期17卷 63-71页

作者： Le QI Yu ZHANG ting liu School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Transformers have been widely studied in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which can capture the dependency from the whole sentence with a high parallelizability thanks to the multi-head attention and the position-wise feed-forward network. However, the above two components of transformers are position-independent, which causes transformers to be weak in modeling sentence structures. Existing studies commonly utilized positional encoding or mask strategies for capturing the structural information of sentences. In this paper, we aim at strengthening the ability of transformers on modeling the linear structure of sentences from three aspects, containing the absolute position of tokens, the relative distance, and the direction between tokens. We propose a novel bidirectional Transformer with absolute-position aware relative position encoding (BiAR-Transformer) that combines the positional encoding and the mask strategy together. We model the relative distance between tokens along with the absolute position of tokens by a novel absolute-position aware relative position encoding. Meanwhile, we apply a bidirectional mask strategy for modeling the direction between tokens. Experimental results on the natural language inference, paraphrase identification, sentiment classification and machine translation tasks show that BiAR-Transformer achieves superior performance than other strong baselines.

关键词： Transformer relative position encoding bidirectional mask strategy sentence encoder

Multi-objective optimization of equipment capacity and heating network design for a centralized solar district heating system

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Building Simulation 2023年第1期16卷 51-67页

作者： Yanfeng liu ting Mu Xi Luo School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China Xi'an 710055China

Northwest China has abundant solar energy resources and a large demand for winter heating.Using solar energy for centralized heating is a clean and effective way to solve local heating problems.While present studies usually decoupled solar heating stations and the heating network in the optimization design of centralized solar heating systems,this study developed a joint multi-objective optimization model for the equipment capacity and the diameters of the heating network pipes of a centralized solar district heating system,using minimum total life cycle cost and CO_(2)emission of the system as the optimization objectives.Three typical cities in northwest China with different solar resource conditions(Lhasa,Xining,and Xi'an)were selected as cases for analysis.According to the results,the solar heating system designed using the method proposed in this study presents lower economic cost and higher environmental protection in comparison to separately optimizing the design of the solar heating station and the heating network.Furthermore,the solar fraction of the optimal systems are 90%,70%,and 31%for Lhasa,Xining,and Xi'an,and the minimum water supply temperatures are 55℃,50℃,and 65℃for an optimal economy and 55℃,45℃,and 45℃for optimal environmental protection,respectively.It was also established that the solar collector price has a greater impact on the equipment capacity of the solar heating station than the gas boiler price.

关键词： solar energy solar energy system district heating optimization design genetic algorithm

L'ICR stimule le développement mondial

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今日中国（法文版） 2022年第10期60卷 40-45页

作者： LIU TING 不详

Depuis le lancement de l’initiative《la Ceinture et la Route》(ICR)en 2013,la Chine a répondu aux besoins vitaux des pays en développement en coopérant avec eux pour construire des roules,des chemins de fer ou encore des ports,et en leur apportant une aide financière,a déclaré à La Chine au Présent Adrien Mugnier,fondateur et directeur de l'Observatoire français des Nouvelles Routes de la soie(OFNRS).

关键词： des les const

Superquadric DEM-SPH coupling method for interaction between non-spherical granular materials and fluids

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Particuology 2022年第12期71卷 20-33页

作者： ting Qiao Lu liu Shunying Ji State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering MechanicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The research on the coupling method of non-spherical granular materials and fluids aims to predict the particle-fluid interaction in this study.A coupling method based on superquadric elements is developed to describe the interaction between non-spherical solid particles and fluids.The discrete element method(DEM)and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)are adopted to simulate granular materials and fluids.The repulsive force model is adopted to calculate the coupling force and then a contact detection method is established for the interaction between the superquadric element and the fluid particle.The contact detection method captures the shape of superquadric element and calculates the distance from the fluid particle to the surface of superquadric element.Simulation cases focusing on the coupling force model,energy transfer,and large-scale calculations have been implemented to verify the validity of the proposed coupling method.The coupling force model accurately represents the water entry process of a spherical solid particle,and reasonably reflects the difference of solid particles with different shapes.In the water entry process of multiple solid particles,the total energy of the water entry process of multiple solid particles tends to be stable.The collapse process of the partially submerged granular column is simulated and analyzed under different parameters.Therefore,this coupling method is suitable to simulate fluid-particle systems containing solid particles with multiple shapes.

关键词： Superquadric function Discrete element method Smoothed particle hydrodynamics Fluid-particle interaction Coupling method

Electron acceleration by Langmuir turbulence in ionospheric heating

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第6期6卷 529-535页

作者： MoRan liu Chen Zhou ting Feng Department of Space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

In this study,we investigate the generation of parametric decay instability,Langmuir turbulence formation,and electron acceleration in ionospheric heating via a two-fluid model using the Fokker-Planck equation and Vlasov-Poisson system simulations.The simulation results of both the magnetofluid model and the kinetic model demonstrate the dynamics of electron acceleration.Further,the results of the Vlasov-Poisson simulations suggest the formation of electron holes in phase space at the same spatial scale as the Langmuir wave,which are shown to be related to electron acceleration.In addition,electron acceleration is enhanced through the extension of the wavenumber spectrum caused by strong Langmuir turbulence,leading to more electron holes in phase space.

关键词： electron acceleration Langmuir turbulence electron holes parametric decay instability

An electrochromic coordination nanosheet for robust CO_(2) photoreduction via ligand-based electron transfer

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 5902-5911页

作者： Longxin Chen ting liu Duobin Chao School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

A coordination nanosheet composed of[Fe(tpy)_(2)]^(2+)(tpy=2,2':6',2''-terpyridine)units,showing reversible electrochromism at the ligand-based cathodic potential,has been prepared through a liquid/liquid interfacial synthesis.The noble metal-free nanosheet exhibited a CO evolution rate of 114.3 mmol·g−1·h−1 with the selectivity up to 99.3%under visible light irradiation in the presence of water,which is in the front rank of heterogeneous catalysis for CO_(2) photoreduction.Such robust photocatalytic performance is due to efficient ligand-based electron transfer through long-livedπradical anion tpy·−with a lifetime more than 25 min,as evidenced by in situ electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)and ultraviolet-visible-near infrared(UV-vis-NIR)spectroscopy studies.Fe(II)cation in[Fe(tpy)_(2)]^(2+)mainly contributes to enhancing reduction potentials of ligand and stabilizingπradical anion tpy·−.This ligand-based electron transfer with the aid of metal cation represents a promising strategy for selective CO_(2) photoreduction,especially towards gaining CO from CO_(2).

关键词： photocatalysis CO_(2)reduction electron transfer coordination nanosheet electrochromism