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Effect of drying cracks on swelling and self-healing of bentonite-sand blocks used as engineered barriers for radioactive waste disposal

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1776-1787页

作者： Yu Tan Guangping Zhou Huyuan Zhang Xiaoya Li ping liu School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China (Lanzhou University) Ministry of EducationLanzhou730000China Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI53706USA

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the healing of drying cracks in air-dried bentonite-sand blocks after hydration and swelling in groundwater,providing justifications to simplify the protection of blocks prior to installation in a high-level radioactive waste *** groundwater was prepared to represent the geochemistry of Beishan groundwater,and was used to hydrate the blocks during the swelling pressure and swelling strain measurements,as Beishan is the most promising site for China's *** of the surface cracks was recorded by photography,and healing of the internal cracks was visualized by CT images and hydraulic conductivity of air-dried *** results indicate that the maximum swelling pressure and swelling strain are primarily affected by the geochemistry of Beishan groundwater,but not affected by the drying *** maximum swelling pressure and swelling strain of air-dried blocks are comparable to or even higher than the pressure and strain of fresh *** maximum swelling pressure measured in strong(*** ion strength)Beishan groundwater was 44%of the pressure measured in deionized(DI)water,and the maximum swelling strain was reduced to 23%of the strain measured in DI ***,the remained swelling of the blocks hydrated in strong Beishan groundwater was sufficient to heal the surface and internal drying cracks,as demonstrated by the pictures of surface cracks and CT *** hydraulic conductivity of the air-dried block permeated with strong groundwater was comparable(3.7×higher)to the hydraulic conductivity of the fresh block,indicating the self-healing of drying cracks after hydration and swelling in groundwater.A simplified method of protecting the block with plastic wraps before installation is recommended,since the remained swelling of the block hydrated in Beishan groundwater is sufficient to heal the drying cracks.

关键词： Beishan groundwater chemistry Bentonite buffer Drying cracks High-level radioactive waste(HLW) Self-healing Swelling

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Can a Teacher Salary Increase Promote Students' Educational Performance?

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China & World Economy 2024年第4期32卷 114-145页

作者： Tianyang liu Baozhong su Jingjing Wang Scott Rozelle College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityChina College of Agricultural Economics and Management Shanxi Agricultural UniversityChina Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions Stanford UniversityUSA

Policymakers in China have attempted to improve the quality of rural education by investing in teacher salaries through initiatives like the Rural Teachers support Plan(RTSP).This study estimates the efects of teacher salary increase on students'educational outcomes in rural China by utilizing the exogenous variations of rural teacher salaries induced by the *** employs an intensity-based difference-in-differences strategy and panel data from 2010 to 2018 with 3,351 rural *** findings reveal that an increase in teacher salaries had a significant positive impact on students'examination *** the results of mechanism analysis indicate that salary increases could have both quality and quantity effects on students'outcomes by increasing the proportion of highly educated teachers and reducing the student-teacher *** findings contribute to the discussion on the importance of teacher salary incentives in education production functions and provide insights for other countries undertaking rural education reforms.

关键词： educational performance rural children Rural Teachers support Plan teache salary

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Sensitivity impacts owing to the variations in the type of zero-range pairing forces on the fission properties using the density functional theory

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 198-207页

作者： Yang su Ze-Yu Li Li-Le liu Guo-Xiang Dong Xiao-Bao Wang Yong-Jing Chen China Nuclear Data Center China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Science Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China

Using the Skyrme density functional theory,potential energy surfaces of^(240)Pu with constraints on the axial quadrupole and octupole deformations(q_(20)and q_(30))were *** volume-like and surface-like pairing forces,as well as a combination of these two forces,were used for the Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov *** in the least-energy fission path,fission barrier,pairing energy,total kinetic energy,scission line,and mass distribution of the fission fragments based on the different forms of the pairing forces were analyzed and *** fission dynamics were studied based on the timedependent generator coordinate method plus the Gaussian overlap *** results demonstrated a sensitivity of the mass and charge distributions of the fission fragments on the form of the pairing *** on the investigation of the neutron-induced fission of^(239)Pu,among the volume,mixed,and surface pairing forces,the mixed pairing force presented a good reproduction of the experimental data.

关键词： Nuclear fission Density functional theory Pairing force Potential energy surfaces Fission fragment distribution

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Removal of rubidium from brine by an integrated film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene/potassium copper ferricyanide

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 112-121页

作者： Huanxi Xu Peihua Lin Pei-Jun liu Hai-Gang liu Hui-Bin Guo Chao-Xiang Wu Ming Fang Xu Zhang Guan-ping Jin Anhui Province Engineering Research Center of Flexible and Intelligent Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Chemical Design and Research Institute Co. LTD of Qinghai ProvinceQinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Fine ChemicalXining 810008China

A novel integrated film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene/potassium copper ferricyanide(KCuFC/SPSG)was used for selectively extracting rubidium ion(Rb^(+))from *** form KCuFC/SPSG,the precursor film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene(SPSG)was synthesized by phase conversion process,which was alternately immersed in 0.1 mol·L^(-1)CuSO_(4)/K_(4)[Fe(CN)_(6)]by in-situ adsorption coupled co-precipitation *** data such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscope,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,and energy dispersive spectroscopy all verified that abundant KCuFC were uniformly located on the *** resulting KCuFC/SPSG was used in film separation *** the solution was fed into the system,the Rb^(+)could be selectively adsorption by KCuFC/*** the saturation adsorption,0.5 mol·L^(-1)NH_(4)Cl/HCl was fed into the film cell,Rb^(+)could be quickly desorbed by ion-exchange between Rb^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)in the lattice of *** purpose of separating and recovering Rb^(+)from the brine can be achieved after the repeated *** effects of pH,adsorption time,and interferential ions on the adsorption capacity of Rb^(+)were investigated by batch *** adsorption behavior fits the pseudo-second order kinetic process,while KCuFC has a higher adsorption capacity(Langmuir maximum sorption 165.4 mg·g^(-1)).In addition,KCuFC/SPSG shows excellent selectivity for Rb^(+)even in complex brine ***/SPSG could maintain 93.5%extraction efficiency after five adsorption/desorption cycles.

关键词： Rubidium extraction Potassium copper ferricyanide sulfonated polysulfone Graphene oxide Adsorption

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super-high bed sintering for iron ores:behaviors,causes and solutions of horizontal segregation on strand

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第7期31卷 1590-1596页

作者： Liang-ping Xu Hui-bo liu Zhong-lin Dong Qiang Zhong Yu-chao Zhao Guang-hui Li School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina

Horizontal segregation has been a constraint to the development and application of super-high bed *** eliminate the horizontal segregation of super-high bed sintering,several typical sintering machines were sampled and analyzed,and theoretical calculation was made to compare the bed depth and their differences in different areas within the mixture ***,solutions were proposed and applied to a 265 m^(2) sintering *** results showed that the horizontal seg-regation of the 265 m^(2) sintering machine was dominated by particles larger than 8 mm with horizontal segregation degree of 0.48,while 360 and 550 m^(2) sintering machines were affected by 5-8 mm and 1-3 mm particles with horizontal segregation degree of 0.27 and 0.31,*** analysis indicated the different segregation distribution results from the matching of the bed depth of each area within the mixture ***,the horizontal segregation degree not larger than 0.06 was achieved by optimizing the time parameters and the division of three zones on the 265 m^(2) sintering machine.

关键词： super-high bed sintering Horizontal segregation Feeder Particle distribution Agglomeration

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Solid-state synthesis and ion transport characteristics of the β-KSbF_(4) for all-solid-state fluoride-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 758-767页

作者： Jiali liu Huahui Zhao Jingcheng Xia Lingguang Yi Xiaoyi Chen Dongdu Li Shuhan Ni Xinyi su Yixuan Chen Min liu Xianyou Wang National Base for International Science&Technology Cooperation National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage BatteryHunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage&ConversionSchool of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105HunanChina College of New Energy Ningbo University of TechnologyNingbo 315336ZhejiangChina

All-solid-state fluoride ion batteries(FIBs)have been recently considered as a post-lithium-ion battery system due to their high safety and high energy *** like all solid-state lithium batteries,the key to the development of FIBs lies in room-temperature electrolytes with high ionic conductivity.β-KSbF_(4) is a kind of promising solid-state electrolyte for FIBs owing to its rational ionic conductivity and relatively wide electrochemical stability window at room ***,the previous synthesis routes ofβ-KSbF_(4) required the use of highly toxic hydrofluoric acid and the ionic conductivity of as-prepared product needs to be further ***,the β-KSbF_(4) sample with an ionic conductivity of 1.04×10^(-4)s cm^(-1)(30°C)is synthesized through the simple solid-state *** order to account for the high ionic conductivity of the as-synthesizedβ-KSbF_(4),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)are used to characterize the physic-ochemical *** results show that the as-synthesizedβ-KSbF_(4) exhibits higher carrier concentra-tion of 1.0×10^(-6)S cm-Hz^(-1)K and hopping frequency of 1.31×10^(6)Hz at 30°C due to the formation of the fluorine ***,the hopping frequency shows the same trend as the changes of ionic conductivity with the changes of temperature,while the carrier concentration is found to be almost *** two different trends indicate the hopping frequency is mainly responsible for the ionic conduc-tion behavior withinβ-KSbF_(4).Furthermore,the all-solid-state FIBs,in which Ag and Pb+PbF_(2) are adopted as cathode and anode,andβ-KSbF_(4) as fluoride ion conductor,are capable of reversible charge and *** assembled FIBs show a discharge capacity of 108.4 mA h g^(-1) at 1st cycle and 74.2 mA h g^(-1) at 50th *** on an examination of the capacity decay mechanism,it has been found that deterioration of the electrolyte/electrode int

关键词： Solid-state electrolyte Carrier concentration Hopping frequency β-KSbF_(4) All-solid-state fluoride ion batteries

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Pregnancy Complicated With a Giant Pancreatic Tumor and Decompensation of Liver Cirrhosis:A Case Report and Literature Review

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第1期6卷 50-53页

作者： Yi Yu Lirong Teng Juntao liu Xinyan liu ping Peng Qian Zhou Congcong liu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases Beijing 100730China

Pregnancy with solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas(SPTP)is *** pregnancy hormones may cause tumor progression,the management and treatment of SPTP need to balance the safety of pregnant women and fetuses with surgical *** reported a case of a giant pancreatic tumor diagnosed during pregnancy that was considered to be *** also showed hepatitis B virus infection and severe decompensation of liver *** termination of pregnancy was *** patient has lived with the tumor until now without *** retrieved the published case reports,summarized the clinical characteristics of pregnancy with SPTP,and explored its management during the perinatal *** patients with SPTP have a good prognosis with good maternal and fetal outcomes,and it is important to choose an appropriate treatment method and ***,pregnancy combined with decompensated liver cirrhosis needs to be terminated in a timely manner because of its high-risk status.

关键词： Pregnancy complications Pancreatic tumor Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas Liver cirrhosis decompensation Abnormal coagulation function

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Acid-rock reaction kinetics in a two-scale model based on reaction order correction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2089-2101页

作者： Xue-Song Li Ning Qi Ze-Hui Zhang Lian liu Xia-Qing Li Xu-Hang su School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Key Lab of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development Ministry of EducationChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao26650ShandongChina SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Branch Company Urumqi830011XinjiangChina Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield CompanyDongying257000ShandongChina

The reaction order plays a crucial role in evaluating the response rate of ***,the conventional two-scale model typically assumes that the reaction order is constant as one,which can lead to significant deviations from *** address this issue,this study proposes a novel multi-order dynamic model for acid-rock reaction by combining rotating disk experimental data with theoretical *** numerical simulations,this model allows for the investigation of the impact of acidification conditions on different orders of reaction,thereby providing valuable insights for on-site *** analysis reveals that higher response orders require higher optimal acid liquid flow rates,and lower optimal H+diffusion coefficients,and demonstrate no significant correlation with acid ***,it is recommended to increase the displacement and use high-viscosity acid for reservoirs with high calcite content,while reducing the displacement and using low-viscosity acid for reservoirs with high dolomite content.

关键词： Reaction order Two-scale model Wormhole propagation Carbonate rocks Numerical simulation

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Natural Products Improve Organ Microcirculation Dysfunction Following Ischemia/Reperfusion-and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Disturbances:Mechanistic and Therapeutic Views

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 77-99页

作者： Jingyan Han Quan Li Kai sun Chunshui Pan Jian liu ping Huang Juan Feng Yanchen liu Gerald A.Meininger Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Tasly Microcirculation Research Center Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100191China Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Microcirculatory disturbances are complex processes caused by many factors,including abnormal vasomotor responses,decreased blood flow velocity,vascular endothelial cell injury,altered leukocyte and endothelial cell interactions,plasma albumin leakage,microvascular hemorrhage,and *** disturbances involve multiple mechanisms and interactions among mechanisms that can include energy metabolism,the mitochondrial respiratory chain,oxidative stress,inflammatory factors,adhesion molecules,the cytoskeleton,vascular endothelial cells,caveolae,cell junctions,the vascular basement membrane,neutrophils,monocytes,and *** clinical practice,aside from drugs that target abnormal vasomotor responses and platelet adhesion,there continues to be a lack of multi-target drugs that can regulate the complex mechanistic links and interactions underlying microcirculatory *** products have demonstrated obvious positive therapeutic effects in treating ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)-and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced microcirculatory *** recent years,numerous research papers on the improvement of microcirculatory function by natural products have been published in international *** 2008 and 2017,the first listed author of this review was invited to publish reviews in the journal of Pharmacology&Therapeutics on the improvement of microcirculatory disturbances and organ injury induced by I/R using Salvia miltiorrhiza ingredients and other natural components of compounded Chinese medicine,*** review systematically summarizes the effects,targets of action,and mechanisms of natural products regarding improving I/R-and LPSinduced microcirculatory disturbances and tissue *** on this summary,scientific proposals are suggested for the discovery of new drugs to improve microcirculatory disturbances in disease.

关键词： Ischemia/reperfusion Lipopolysaccharide Natural products Leukocyte activation Hyperpermeability

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Anisotropic shearing mechanism of Kangding slate:Experimental investigation and numerical analysis

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1487-1504页

作者： ping liu Quansheng liu Penghai Deng Yucong Pan Yiming Lei Chenglei Du Xianqi Xie The Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Safety of Hubei Province School of Civil EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

The shear mechanical behavior is regarded as an essential factor affecting the stability of the surrounding rocks in underground *** shear strength and failure mechanisms of layered rock are significantly affected by the foliation *** shear tests were conducted on cubic slate samples with foliation angles of 0°,30°,45°,60°,and 90°.The effect of foliation angles on failure patterns,acoustic emission(AE)characteristics,and shear strength parameters was *** on AE characteristics,the slate failure process could be divided into four stages:quiet period,step-like increasing period,dramatic increasing period,and remission period.A new empirical expression of cohesion for layered rock was proposed,which was compared with linear and sinusoidal cohesion expressions based on the results made by this paper and previous *** comparative analysis demonstrated that the new expression has better prediction ability than other *** proposed empirical equation was used for direct shear simulations with the combined finite-discrete element method(FDEM),and it was found to align well with the experimental *** both computational efficiency and accuracy,it was recommended to use a shear rate of 0.01 m/s for FDEM to carry out direct shear *** balance the relationship between the number of elements and the simulation results in the direct shear simulations,the recommended element size is 1 mm.

关键词： Anisotropy Empirical expression of cohesion foliation angles Combined finite-discrete element method(FDEM) Shear rate Element size

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