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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 159-162页

作者： si-Yuan Yu Yi-Li liu Zheng Li Dechen Jiang Jing-Juan Xu Hong-Yuan Chen Wei-Wei Zhao State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Nanoelectrodes have been shown to be powerful tools for nanoscopic research on single entities,deepening the understanding of heterogeneity and stochastics for single molecules,nanoparticles and cells[1–3].However,despite their importance,current nanoelectrode preparations are highly restrained to flame/electrochemical etching,metal sputtering,electrochemical deposition,etc.[3],resulting in a limited range of materials(mainly gold,platinum and carbon)for potential-resolved detection of redox-active species(Table S1 online).The enrichment of preparation methods to introduce novel materials and mechanisms should prove significant for the development of nanoelectrodes.

关键词： electrode deepening restrained

Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 300-309页

作者： Qing Huang Jia-Wen liu Hai-Bin Dong Zheng-jie Wei Jin-Zhe liu Yu-Tang Ren Xuan Jiang Bo Jiang Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China

Background:Visceral adipose tissue(VAT)has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)prognosis,although the underlying mechanism remains unclear.It has been reported that pyroptosis worsens SAP.The present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT,a component of VAT)can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic pathway.Methods:Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were divided into six different groups.Twelve rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control groups.We monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP rats.Twelve SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution(PBS).The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes,and then with MCC950(NLRP3 inhibitor)or PBS.We collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas,gut and MAT for analysis.Results:Compared to the control rats,the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT,including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6),lower expression of IL-10,and histological changes.Flow cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and macrophages.The SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury,characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin,higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase,and pathological changes.The expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD,which are responsible for pyroptosis,was increased in the intestine of SAP rats.The injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in MAT.The upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine,which contributed to the SAP progression,including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological changes.The administration of MCC950 to SAP+MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis,which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of SAP.Conclusions:In SAP,MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local inflammation,and promoted the injury to the int

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocyte Intestinal barrier Pyroptosis

Ethanol extract of Cyathulae Radix inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone loss

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 212-223页

作者： SHI Liying REN liuyi LI Jinping liu Xin LU Jingjing JIA Lujuan XIE Baoping TANG siyuan liu Wei ZHANG jie Department of Pharmachemistry Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Ministry of EducationGannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000China Xiangya Nursing School Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Cyathulae Radix,a traditional Chinese medicine and a common vegetable,boasts a history spanning millennia.It enhances bone density,boosts metabolism,and effectively alleviates osteoporosis-induced pain.Despite its historical use,the molecular mechanisms behind Cyathulae Radix’s impact on osteoporosis remain unexplored.In this study,we investigated the effects and mechanisms of Cyathulae Radix ethanol extract(CEE)in inhibiting osteoporosis and osteoclastogenesis.Eight-week-old female mice underwent ovariectomy and were treated with CEE for eight weeks.Micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)assessed histomorphometric parameters,bone tissue staining observed distal femur histomorphology,and three-point bending tests evaluated tibia mechanical properties.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)measured serum estradiol(E2),receptor activator for nuclear factor B ligand(RANKL),and osteoprotegerin(OPG)levels.Osteoclastogenesis-related markers were analyzed via Western blotting(WB)and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Additionally,CEE effects on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption were investigated in vitro using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining,qRT-PCR,and WB assay.Compared with the ovariectomy(OVX)group,CEE treatment enhanced trabecular bone density,maximal load-bearing capacity,and various histomorphometric parameters.Serum E2 and OPG levels significantly increased,while Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB(RANK)decreased in the CEE group.CEE downregulated matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP-9),Cathepsin K(CTSK),and TRAP gene and protein expression.In bone marrow macrophages(BMMs),CEE reduced mature osteoclasts,bone resorption pit areas,and MMP-9,CTSK,and TRAP expression during osteoclast differentiation.Compared with DMSO treatment,CEE markedly inhibited RANK,TNF receptor associated factor 6(TRAF6),Proto-oncogene c-Fos(c-Fos),Nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1(NFATc1)expressions,and Extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase

关键词： Osteoporosis Osteoclast BMMs Cyathulae Radix RANKL ER/RANK/NFATc1 signaling pathway

Synergism of solar-driven interfacial evaporation and photo-Fenton Cr(Ⅵ) reduction by sustainable Bi-MOF-based evaporator from waste polyester

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 527-540页

作者： Zifen Fan jie liu Huajian liu Lijie liu Yan She Xueying Wen Huiyue Wang Guixin Hu Ran Niu Jiang Gong Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureHubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective MaterialsSemiconductor Chemistry CenterSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science andTechnologyWuhan430074HubeiChina

The integration of interfacial solar steam generation and photocatalytic degradation technology has pro-vided a promising platform to simultaneously produce freshwater and degrade pollutants.However,con-structing low-cost,multi-functional evaporators for treating Cr(Ⅵ)-polluted water remains challenging,and the synergistic mechanism on Cr(Ⅵ)reduction is fuzzy.Herein,we propose the combined strategy of ball milling and solution mixing for the sustainable production of Bi-MOF microrod from waste poly(ethylene terephthalate),and construct Bi-MOF-based solar evaporators for simultaneous photo-Fenton Cr(Ⅵ)reduction and freshwater production.Firstly,the evaporator comprised of Bi-MOF microrod and graphene nanosheet possesses high light absorption,efficient photothermal conversion,and good hydro-philic property.Attributing to the advantages,the hybrid evaporator exhibits the evaporation rate of 2.16 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) and evaporation efficiency of 87.5%under 1 kW m^(-2) of irradiation.When integrating with photo-Fenton reaction,the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction efficiency is 91.3%,along with the reaction kinetics of 0.0548 min^(-1),surpassing many advanced catalysts.In the outdoor freshwater production and Cr(Ⅵ)reduction,the daily accumulative water yield is 5.17 kg m^(-2) h^(-1),and the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction efficiency is 99.9%.Furthermore,we prove that the localization effect derived from the interfacial solar-driven evap-oration enhances H_(2)O_(2) activation for the photo-Fenton reduction of Cr(Ⅵ).Based on the result of density functional theory,Bi-MOF microrod provides rich active centers for H_(2)O_(2) activation to produce active sites such as e-or-O_(2).This study not only proposes a new strategy to construct multi-functional solar evaporators for freshwater production and catalytic reduction of pollutants,but also advances the chem-ical upcycling of waste polyesters.

关键词： Interfacial solar steam generation Cr(VI)reduction Photo-Fenton reaction Metal-organic framework Waste plastic upcycling

Two missense STK11 gene variations impaired LKB1/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1532-1546页

作者： Jin liu si-Cong Zeng An Wang Hai-Ying Cheng Qian-Jun Zhang Guang-Xiu Lu Hunan Guangxiu Hospital Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina Scientific Research Department Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of Citic-XiangyaChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS)is a rare hereditary neoplastic disorder mainly associated with serine/threonine kinase 11(STK11/LKB1)gene mutations.Preimplantation genetic testing can protect a patient’s offspring from mutated genes;however,some variations in this gene have been interpreted as variants of uncertain significance(VUS),which complicate reproductive decision-making in genetic counseling.AIM To identify the pathogenicity of two missense variants and provide clinical guidance.METHODS Whole exome gene sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on the peripheral blood of patients with PJS treated at the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of Citic-Xiangya.Software was employed to predict the protein structure,conservation,and pathogenicity of the two missense variation sites in patients with PJS.Additionally,plasmids were constructed and transfected into HeLa cells to observe cell growth.The differences in signal pathway expression between the variant group and the wild-type group were compared using western blot and immunohistochemistry.Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance.Psidered statistically significant.RESULTS We identified two missense STK11 gene VUS[c.889A>G(p.Arg297Gly)and c.733C>T(p.Leu245Phe)]in 9 unrelated PJS families who were seeking reproductive assistance.The two missense VUS were located in the catalytic domain of serine/threonine kinase,which is a key structure of the liver kinase B1(LKB1)protein.In vitro experiments showed that the phosphorylation levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)at Thr172 and LKB1 at Ser428 were significantly higher in transfected variation-type cells than in wild-type cells.In addition,the two missense STK11 variants promoted the proliferation of HeLa cells.Subsequent immunohistochemical analysis showed that phosphorylated-AMPK(Thr172)expression was significantly lower in gastric,colonic,and uterine polyps from PJS patients with missense variations than in non-PJS patients.Our find

关键词： Missense STK11 Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Rare disease Genetic counseling Assisted reproductive technique

NFT Security Matrix:Towards Modeling NFT Ecosystem Threat

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3255-3285页

作者： Peng Liao Chaoge liu jie Yin Zhi Wang Xiang Cui Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China

Digital assets have boomed over the past few years with the emergence of Non-fungible Tokens(NFTs).To be specific,the total trading volume of digital assets reached an astounding$55.5 billion in 2022.Nevertheless,numerous security concerns have been raised by the rapid expansion of the NFT ecosystem.NFT holders are exposed to a plethora of scams and traps,putting their digital assets at risk of being lost.However,academic research on NFT security is scarce,and the security issues have aroused rare attention.In this study,the NFT ecological process is comprehensively explored.This process falls into five different stages encompassing the entire lifecycle of NFTs.Subsequently,the security issues regarding the respective stage are elaborated and analyzed in depth.A matrix model is proposed as a novel contribution to the categorization of NFT security issues.Diverse data are collected from social networks,the Ethereum blockchain,and NFT markets to substantiate our claims regarding the severity of security concerns in the NFT ecosystem.From this comprehensive dataset,nine key NFT security issues are identified from the matrix model and then subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis.This study aims to shed light on the severity of NFT ecosystem security issues.The findings stress the need for increased attention and proactive measures to safeguard the NFT ecosystem.

关键词： Non-fungible token blockchain cyber security

Development of a high-repetition-rate lumped-inductance kicker magnet prototype for the beam switchyard of SHINE

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 20-31页

作者： Yong-Fang liu Rui-Ping Wang Jin Tong Bo Zhang si Chen Qi-Bing Yuan Hai-Xiao Deng Ming Gu Bo liu Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201412People’s Republic of China

The Shanghai high-repetition-rate X-ray free-electron laser and extreme light facility(SHINE)operates at a maximum repetition rate of 1 MHz.Kicker magnets are key components that distribute electron bunches into three different undulator lines in a bunch-by-bunch mode.The kicker field width must be less than the time interval between bunches.A lumpedinductance kicker prototype was developed using a vacuum chamber with a single-turn coil.The full magnetic field strength was 0.005 T.This paper presents the requirements,design considerations,design parameters,magnetic field calculations,and measurements of the kicker magnets.The relevant experimental results are also presented.The pulse width of the magnetic field was approximately 600 ns,and the maximum operation repetition rate was 1 MHz.The developed kicker satisfies the requirements for the SHINE project.Finally,numerous recommendations for the future optimization of kicker magnets are provided.

关键词： X-ray free-electron laser Kicker magnet Beam switchyard High repetition rate Ni-Zn ferrites

Biomass-based materials for advanced supercapacitor:principles,progress,and perspectives

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Aggregate

Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 95-114页

作者： Yaxuan Wang Ting Xu Kun liu Meng Zhang Xu-Min Cai Chuanling si State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and PaperTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjinChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina

Supercapacitors exhibit considerable potential as energy storage devices due to their high power density,fast charging and discharging abilities,long cycle life,and ecofriendliness.With the increasing environmental concerns associated with synthetic compounds,the use of environment friendly biopolymers to replace conventional petroleum-based materials has been widely studied.Biomass-based materials are biodegradable,renewable,environment friendly and non-toxic.The unique hierarchical nanostructure,excellent mechanical properties and hydrophilicity allow them to be used to create functional conductive materials with precisely controlled structures and different properties.In this review,the latest development of biomass-based supercapacitor materials is reviewed and discussed.This paper describes the physical and chemical properties of various biopolymers and their impact on supercapacitors,as well as the classification and basic principles of supercapacitors.Then,a comprehensive discussion is presented on the utilization of biomass-based materials in supercapacitors and their recent applications across a range of supercapacitor devices.Finally,an overview of the future prospects and challenges pertaining to the utilization of biomass-based materials in supercapacitors is provided.

关键词： biomass electrodes electrolyte energy storage supercapacitor

Temporal assembly patterns of microbial communities in three parallel bioreactors treating low-concentration coking wastewater with differing carbon source concentrations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 455-468页

作者： Weijia Li Yu Xia Na Li jie Chang Jing liu Pei Wang Xuwen He School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China

Carbon source is an important factor of biological treatment systems, the effects of which on their temporal community assembly patterns are not sufficiently understood currently.In this study, the temporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of the communities in three parallel bioreactors for low-concentration coking wastewater(CWW) treatment with differing carbon source concentrations(S0 with no glucose addition, S1 with 200 mg/L glucose addition and S2 with 400 mg/L glucose addition) were comprehensively studied. Highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses including network analysis and Infer Community Assembly Mechanisms by Phylogenetic bin-based null model(iCAMP) were used. The communities of three systems showed turnover rates of 0.0029~0.0034 every 15days. Network analysis results showed that the S0 network showed higher positive correlation proportion(71.43%) and clustering coefficient(0.33), suggesting that carbon source shortage in S0 promoted interactions and cooperation of microbes. The neutral community model analysis showed that the immigration rate increased from 0.5247 in S0 to 0.6478in S2. The iCAMP analysis results showed that drift(45.89%) and homogeneous selection(31.68%) dominated in driving the assembly of all the investigated microbial communities.The contribution of homogeneous selection increased with the increase of carbon source concentrations, from 27.92% in S0 to 36.08% in S2. The OTUs participating in aerobic respiration and tricarboxylic acid(TCA) cycle were abundant among the bins mainly affected by deterministic processes, while those related to the metabolism of refractory organic pollutants in CWW such as alkanes, benzenes and phenols were abundant in the bins dominated by stochastic processes.

关键词： Coking wastewater treatment Temporal dynamics Network analysis Deterministic processes Stochastic processes

Micro-sized nanoaggregates:Spray-drying-assisted fabrication and applications

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 22-48页

作者： Dan-Lei Yang Rong-Kun liu Yan Wei Qian Sun jie-Xin Wang School of Life Sciences and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Second Normal UniversityNanjing210013China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China

The applications of nanoparticles suffer from their extremely small size and intrinsic trend of agglom-eration.Rearranging nanoparticles to form micro-sized nanoaggregates(MNAs)with increased size,ordered structure,as well as controllable size,shape,and morphology is a crucial step in various fields of science and technology to maintain the unique characteristics of nanoparticles while obtaining greatly enhanced or new performance at the microscale.The structure of MNAs prominently affects their functionality,which is determined by the arrangement of nanoparticles and the interaction between primary particles.Several methods have been proposed to prepare the MNAs,in which spray-drying technology stands out considering the feasibility,scalability for industry,cost,and efficiency.Forced assembly of nanoparticles through spray-drying under tunable process parameters yields diverse physical properties and structural arrangements of nanoparticles of the MNAs,they therefore exhibit enormous potential in a wide range of application fields.This review presents the construction and applications of spray-dried MNAs.The factors that influence the size,morphology,and structure of the MNAs are discussed in detail.In addition,the outstanding application performance resulting from the tightly packed nanoparticles in regular-shaped MNAs obtained by the spray-drying process is illustrated.

关键词： Spray-drying Micro-sized nanoaggregates Applications