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Recent progress of Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2444-2468页

作者： Feng Zhan Kun-Song Hu Jin-Hua Mai Li-Sheng Zhang Zhen-Guo Zhang Huan He Xin-Hua liu School of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China IDTECH(Suzhou)Co.Ltd Suzhou 215217China Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

With the increasing consumption of fossil fuels,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have attracted considerable attention as green and sustainable energy conversion *** slow kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)has a major impact on the performance of PEMFCs,and although platinum(Pt)can accelerate the reaction rate of the ORR,the scarcity and high cost of Pt resources still limit the development of ***,the development of low-cost high-performance ORR catalysts is essential for the commercial application and development of *** paper reviews the research progress of researchers on Pt-based ORR catalysts in recent years,including Pt/C catalysts,Pt-based alloy catalysts,Pt-based intermetallic compounds,and Pt-based single-atom catalysts(SACs),with a focus on Pt-based alloy catalysts with different *** described in detail the difficulties and solutions in the research process of various ORR catalysts and explained the principle of their activity enhancement with density functional theory(DFT).In addition,an outlook on the development of Pt-based catalysts is given,and reducing the amount of Pt used and improving the performance of catalysts are the directions to work on in the coming period.

关键词： Pt-based catalysts PEMFCs Pt-based intermetallic compounds Single-atom catalysts

Achieving Ultra-Broad Microwave Absorption Bandwidth Around Millimeter-Wave Atmospheric Window Through an Intentional Manipulation on Multi-Magnetic Resonance Behavior

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 291-307页

作者： Chuyang liu Lu Xu Xueyu Xiang Yujing Zhang Li Zhou Bo Ouyang Fan Wu Dong‑Hyun Kim Guangbin Ji School of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Physics Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Physics Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644South Korea Department of Chemistry School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072People’s Republic of China

The utilization of electromagnetic waves is rapidly advancing into the millimeter-wave frequency range,posing increasingly severe challenges in terms of electromagnetic pollution prevention and radar ***,existing millimeter-wave absorbers are still inadequate in addressing these issues due to their monotonous magnetic resonance *** this work,rare-earth La^(3+)and non-magnetic Zr^(4+)ions are simultaneously incorporated into M-type barium ferrite(BaM)to intentionally manipulate the multi-magnetic resonance *** leveraging the contrary impact of La^(3+)and Zr^(4+)ions on magnetocrystalline anisotropy field,the restrictive relationship between intensity and frequency of the multi-magnetic resonance is successfully *** magnetic resonance peak-differentiating and imitating results confirm that significant multi-magnetic resonance phenomenon emerges around 35 GHz due to the reinforced exchange coupling effect between Fe^(3+)and Fe^(2+)***,Mosbauer spectra analysis,first-principle calculations,and least square fitting collectively identify that additional La^(3+)doping leads to a profound rearrangement of Zr^(4+)occupation and thus makes the portion of polarization/conduction loss increase *** a consequence,the La^(3+)-Zr^(4+)co-doped BaM achieves an ultra-broad bandwidth of 12.5+GHz covering from 27.5 to 40+GHz,which holds remarkable potential for millimeter-wave absorbers around the atmospheric window of 35 GHz.

关键词： Microwave absorption Ultra-broad bandwidth M-type barium ferrite Magnetocrystalline anisotropy field Multimagnetic resonance

Realization of Complete Boolean Logic and Combinational Logic Functionalities on a Memristor-Based Universal Logic Circuit

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第5期33卷 1137-1146页

作者： Xiaojuan LIAN Chuanyang SUN Zeheng TAO Xiang WAN Xiaoyan liu Zhikuang CAI Lei WANG College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Memristors are a promising solution for building an advanced computing system due to their excellent characteristics, including small energy consumption, high integration density, fast write/read speed, great endurance and so on. In this work, we firstly design three basis logic XNOR1, XNOR2 and XOR gates by virtue of memristor ratioed logic(MRL), and further construct 1-bit numerical comparators, 2-bit numerical comparators and full adder 1 based on the above XNOR1, XNOR2 and XOR gates. Furthermore, we propose and design a universal logic circuit that can realize four different kinds of logic functions(AND, OR, XOR, XNOR) at the same time. Subsequently, a full adder 2 is built using XOR function of this universal logic circuit. Compared with the traditional CMOS circuits,the universal logic circuit designed in this work exhibits several merits such as fewer components, less power, and lower delay. This work demonstrates that memristors can be used as a potential solution for building a novel computing architecture.

关键词： Power demand Logic circuits Buildings Memristors Logic gates Logic functions Software Memristor Universal logic circuit Memristor ratioed logic Numerical comparator Full adder DESIGN DELAY

The deteriorated degradation resistance of Mg alloy microtubes for vascular stent under the coupling effect of radial compressive stress and dynamic medium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 573-585页

作者： Mengyao liu Yabo Zhang Qingyuan Zhang Yan Wang Di Mei Yufeng Sun Liguo Wang Shijie Zhu Shaokang Guan School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloys Zhengzhou 450002China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing&Mold Ministry of Education Zhengzhou 450002China

The degradation of Mg alloys relates to the service performance of Mg alloy biodegradable *** order to investigate the degradation behavior of Mg alloys as vascular stent materials in the near service environment,the hot-extruded fine-grained Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy microtubes,which are employed to manufacture vascular stents,were tested under radial compressive stress in the dynamic Hanks'Balanced Salt Solution(HBSS).The results revealed that the high flow rate accelerates the degradation of Mg alloy microtubes and its degradation is sensitive to radial compressive *** results contribute to understanding the service performance of Mg alloys as vascular stent materials.

关键词： Mg alloy Microtubes Degradation behavior Radial compressive stress Dynamic conditions

Insights into treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava or right atrium

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 168-171页

作者： Jia Yang Yongjie Shui Lihong liu Genhua Yu Qichun Wei Department of Radiation Oncology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of EducationZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),one of the most common liver cancers,often has a poor prognosis when it involves macrovascular *** emergencies including pulmonary embolism,heart failure,and even sudden death could happen when it develops a tumor thrombus(TT)in the inferior vena cava(IVC)or right atrium(RA),indicating an exceptionally grim prognosis(1).Although systemic therapy is the only standard treatment recommended by guidelines(2),other treatment modalities are explored including surgery,radiotherapy,*** some ***,as the only potential curative treatment,has been explored in several selected cases.A case of long-term survival of 15 years and cancer-free survival of 9 years was reported by surgical resection with a heart-first approach under cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)(3),suggesting that aggressive surgery together with multidisciplinary treatments might achieve long ***,due to the aggressiveness and challenge of surgical resection-massive resection area,potential significant blood loss,and bypass needed,surgical resection is applied in very limited ***,safety,efficacy,and long-term survival benefits for these patients are poorly investigated.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) inferior vena cava(IVC) right atrium(RA) tumor thrombus(TT)

Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites as heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts with enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol A

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 1-11页

作者： Xing-Xing Qiao Yu-Hang Xu Xiang-Ji liu Sai-Le Chen Zhou Zhong Ya-Feng Li Jian Lü Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China

Potential health risks related to environmental endocrine disruptors(EEDs)have aroused research hotspots at the forefront of water treatment ***,nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites(N-TiO_(2)/SCH)have been successfully developed as heterogeneous catalysts for the degradation of typical EEDs via photo-Fenton *** to the sustainable Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)conversion induced by photoelectrons,as-prepared N-TiO_(2)/SCH nanocomposites exhibit much enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol A(BPA;ca.100% within 60 min under visible irradiation)in a wide pH range of 3.0-7.8,which is significantly higher than that of the pristine schwertmannite(ca.74.5%)or N-TiO_(2)(ca.10.8%).In this photo-Fenton system,the efficient degradation of BPA is mainly attributed to the oxidation by hydroxyl radical(·OH)and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)).Moreover,the possible catalytic mechanisms and reaction pathway of BPA degradation are systematically investigated based on analytical and photoelectrochemical *** work not only provides a feasible means for the development of novel heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts,but also lays a theoretical foundation for the potential application of mineral-based materials in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Schwertmannite Fenton reaction Environmental endocrine disruptors Photocatalysis

Dielectric polymer grafted electrodes enhanced aqueous supercapacitors

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1525-1534页

作者： Shian Dong Kunming Shi Jie Chen Yingke Zhu Hongfei Li Weihang Gao Zhenli Xu Qinglei liu Xingyi Huang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Mathematical Sciences Institute of Natural Sciences and MOE−LSCShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Supercapacitors(SCs)have become increasingly important in electrical energy storage and delivery owing to their high power densities and long *** SCs are promising for large-scale engineering applications because of their low cost and ***,the low operating voltage and low energy density of aqueous SCs severely limit their practical *** this study,a nanoscale dielectric layer is grafted onto a graphene electrode to achieve both a high operating voltage and enhanced *** with an SC without dielectric grafting,a dielectric-enhanced SC(DESC)shows a higher capacitance by 2200%.The mechanism of the capacitance enhancement can be attributed to three factors:the dielectric polarization,the ions desolvation by the dielectric,and the enhanced quantum capacitance from charge transfer and ion adsorption in the polymer *** addition,a 2.5 V pouch DESC with a 1 M KCl electrolyte is confirmed to cycle up to 50,000 times with a capacitance retention of 87.5%.The DESC presents the optimal electrochemical properties after it is grafted with a 5 nm dielectric *** study provides new insights into the design of high-voltage and high-energy-density aqueous SCs.

关键词： supercapacitors dielectric polymer high voltage capacitance enhancement

Probing phase transition of band topology via radiation topology

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1150-1157页

作者： CHANG-YIN JI WENZE LAN PENG FU GANG WANG CHANGZHI GU YELIANG WANG JIAFANG LI YUGUI YAO BAOLI liu Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(MOE) Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics&Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systemsand School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and DevicesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Topological photonics has received extensive attention from researchers because it provides brand new physical principles to manipulate *** topology is characterized using the Berry phase defined by Bloch *** now,the scheme for experimentally probing the topological phase transition of band topology has always been relatively lacking in topological ***,radiation topology can be aroused by the far-field polarization singularities of Bloch states,which is described by the Stokes *** such two types of topologies are both related to Bloch states on the band structures,it is rather surprising that their development is almost ***,in optical analogs of the quantum spin Hall effects(QSHEs)and Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model,we reveal the correlation between the phase transition of band topology and radiation topology and then demonstrate that the radiation topology can be employed to study the band topological *** experimentally demonstrate such an intriguing phenomenon in optical analogs of *** findings not only provide an insightful understanding of band topology and radiation topology,but also can serve as a route to manipulate light.

关键词： transition topology topological

Improving mathematical model of burden distribution and correcting chute angle to cope with fluctuation of stock line

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 342-356页

作者： Jian-sheng Chen Wen-guo liu Hao Guo Wang Ding Qing-guo Xue Jing-song Wang Hai-bin Zuo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China MCC Capital Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited Beijing100176China Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Xiangtan411101HunanChina

Accurate evaluations of the burden distribution are of critical importance to stabilize the operation of blast *** mathematical model and discrete element method(DEM)are two attractive methods for predicting burden *** on DEM,the initial velocities of the pellet,sinter,and coke were calculated,and the velocity attenuations of the above three particles between the burden and the chute were *** initial velocity and velocity attenuation were applied to a mathematical model for improving the ***,based on the improved model,a scheme for rectifying the chute angles was proposed to address the fluctuation of the stock line and maintain a stable burden *** validity of the scheme was confirmed via a stable burden distribution under different stock *** mathematical model has been successfully applied to evaluate the online burden distribution and cope with the fluctuation of the stock line.

关键词： Burden distribution Mathematical model Discrete element method Velocity attenuation Stock line fluctuation