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试论生态农业的边界与科学技术原理

中国农业大学学报 2024年第6期29卷 8-18页

作者：蒋高明刘美珍赵建设中国科学院植物研究所/植被与环境变化国家重点实验室北京100093 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049 河南中远有机农业研究所郑州450053

由于生态农业概念模糊,加之边界不清,生态学界对生态农业科学原理与技术总结不够,公众对生态农业理解有误,阻碍了生态农业产业发展。本研究通过总结、归纳和分析1982—2022年发表的相关文献,回顾了国内外生态农业提出的背景及其含义,分... 详细信息

由于生态农业概念模糊,加之边界不清,生态学界对生态农业科学原理与技术总结不够,公众对生态农业理解有误,阻碍了生态农业产业发展。本研究通过总结、归纳和分析1982—2022年发表的相关文献,回顾了国内外生态农业提出的背景及其含义,分析了现代农业的9种主要形态及其特征,重新定义了生态农业的概念,厘清了生态农业的边界,提出了指导生态农业发展的理论体系与科学技术原理。并以山东省平邑县弘毅生态农场18年实践为例,实证了本研究提出的生态农业概念、理论与技术体系具有重要的应用与推广价值。

关键词：生态农业科学原理范畴应用技术食品安全

1例Y群ST167型脑膜炎奈瑟菌输入病例的流行病学和病原学分析

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中华微生物学和免疫学杂志 2024年第6期44卷 480-484页

作者：李振翠李镕方艳梅张昌邵晓萍刘英良刘美真广东省疾病预防控制中心病原微生物检验所广州511430 珠海市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验所珠海519060

目的对1例疑似脑膜炎奈瑟菌阳性病例进行病原学鉴定诊断,评估疫情传播风险。方法采集患者血液进行脑膜炎奈瑟菌分离培养,通过菌落形态学和菌体革兰染色观察、生化鉴定、乳胶凝集试验、血清玻片凝集试验、核酸检测进行病原鉴定和血清群分... 详细信息

目的对1例疑似脑膜炎奈瑟菌阳性病例进行病原学鉴定诊断,评估疫情传播风险。方法采集患者血液进行脑膜炎奈瑟菌分离培养,通过菌落形态学和菌体革兰染色观察、生化鉴定、乳胶凝集试验、血清玻片凝集试验、核酸检测进行病原鉴定和血清群分群,检测菌株对12种抗生素的敏感性;对病例开展现场流行病学调查并采取疫情防制措施。结果经多种实验室方法鉴定,该疑似病例确诊为脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染,菌株血清群为Y群,多位点序列分型(MLST)为767,属ST167克隆群,对青霉素、氨苄西林、美罗培南等9种抗生素敏感,对环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星中介,对甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑耐药。病例的密切接触者和环境检测结果为阴性。结论本病例经检测明确病因为脑膜炎奈瑟菌侵袭性感染,菌株为Y群ST167型。流行病学调查显示该病例引发疫情传播流行的风险较低,后续需要持续关注和监测。

关键词：脑膜炎奈瑟菌 ST167克隆群多位点序列分型耐药性

Corrigendum to“Long-term correction of hemophilia B through CRISPR/Cas9 induced homology-independent targeted integration”[Journal of Genetics and Genomics(2022)49,1114-1126]

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 578-578页

作者： Xi Chen Xuran Niu Yang liu Rui Zheng Lei Yang Jian Lu Shuming Yin Yu Wei Jiahao Pan Ahmed Sayed Xueyun Ma meizhen liu Fengxiang Jing Mingyao liu Jiazhi Hu Liren Wang Dali Li Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation Genome Editing Research CenterSchool of Life SciencesPeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Biochemistry Laboratory Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceAssiut UniversityAssiut 71516Egypt Shanghai Turtle Technology Co. Shanghai 201900China

The authors regret that the grant number“21CJ1402200”in the Acknowledgments session should be replaced as“21JC1402200”.The corrected contents areprovided as follows.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 correction ledgment

Long-term correction of hemophilia B through CRISPR/Cas9 induced homology-independent targeted integration

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第12期49卷 1114-1126页

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated site-specific insertion of exogenous genes holds potential for clinical ***,it is still infeasible because homologous recombination(HR)is inefficient,especially for nondividing *** overcome the challenge,we report that a homology-independent targeted integration(HITI)strategy is used for permanent integration of high-specificity-activity Factor IX variant(F9 Padua,R338L)at the albumin(Alb)locus in a novel hemophilia B(HB)rat *** knock-in efficiency reaches 3.66%,as determined by droplet digital PCR(dd PCR).The clotting time is reduced to a normal level four weeks after treatment,and the circulating factor IX(FIX)level is gradually increased up to 52%of the normal level over nine months even after partial hepatectomy,demonstrating the amelioration of *** primer-extension-mediated sequencing(PEM-seq),no significant off-target effect is *** study not only provides a novel model for HB but also identifies a promising therapeutic approach for rare inherited diseases.

关键词： Hemophilia B Alb FIX CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HITI Gene therapy

Phragmites australis and Typha orientalis in removal of pollutant in Taihu Lake, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期21卷 440-446页

作者： TIAN Ziqiang ZHENG Binghui liu meizhen ZHANG Zhenyu River and Coastal Environment Research Center Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation Environmental Change Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Department of Water Environmental Planning Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning Beijing 100012 China

Two plant populations of Phragmites australis and Typha orientalis grown in gravel and sediment substrate were studied to assess their capabilities for purifying polluted water in Taihu Lake, China. The substrate displayed most significant effects on the suspended matter （P 〈 0.01）, with the reduction of 76%-87% and 52%--63% for P. australis, and 83%-86% and 45%-62% for T. orientalis in gravel substrate and sediment substrate, respectively. Both species and substrates significantly decreased the N and P concentrations of water body （P 〈 0.01）. P. australis showed higher total N and P concentrations in tissues than T. orientalis and had a greater potential to remove nutrients from the lake. Phosphate was easily to concentrate in the belowground tissues, while nitrate concentration was higher in leaf and stalk. Therefore, harvesting the aboveground tissues could take most of nitrate out of the sediment. The saturate photosynthetic rate （Asat） of P. australis was higher than that of T. orientalis when grown in sediment substrate. But instance water-use- efficiency （WUEi）（A/E） and intrinsic water use efficiency （A/gs） showed the maximum values of two species grown in river water. With significant difference in gs, however, intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） had no obvious difference in two species which indicated that high Asat value of P. australis might result from the increased carboxylation capacity of the mesophyll, because of the central role of N in photosynthetic enzymes. Our findings suggest that the plants could absorb most of nitrogen in polluted water, while gravel displayed a high capacity for absorbing the suspended matters and phosphate salts. Therefore, biological and physiological pathways for pollutant removal should be integrated.

关键词： Phragmites australis Typha orientalis nutrient removal gas exchange Taihu Lake

身痛逐瘀汤加减联合运动干预在骨质疏松症患者中的应用

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中国中医药现代远程教育 2024年第8期22卷 139-141页

作者：刘美珍谢小美叶金平蔡丰江西省兴国县人民医院脊柱外科江西兴国342400

目的探究身痛逐瘀汤加减联合运动干预在骨质疏松症患者中的应用效果及对骨代谢的影响。方法选取2021年5月—2022年4月兴国县人民医院收治的60例骨质疏松症患者,采用单盲法分为对照组和观察组。给予对照组患者常规西医治疗联合运动干预... 详细信息

目的探究身痛逐瘀汤加减联合运动干预在骨质疏松症患者中的应用效果及对骨代谢的影响。方法选取2021年5月—2022年4月兴国县人民医院收治的60例骨质疏松症患者,采用单盲法分为对照组和观察组。给予对照组患者常规西医治疗联合运动干预,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予身痛逐瘀汤加减治疗。评估两组中医证候积分、视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分及甲状旁腺素(PTH)、血钙(Ca^(2+))、血磷(P^(3-))水平。结果治疗后,观察组的中医证候主症、次症积分均比对照组低,且VAS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组PTH、Ca^(2+)、P^(3-)水平明显比对照组高(P<0.05)。结论给予骨质疏松症患者身痛逐瘀汤加减联合运动干预,可以有效改善症状、减轻痛苦、调节骨代谢水平。

关键词：骨痹骨质疏松症身痛逐瘀汤中医药疗法

Generation of obese rat model by transcription activator-like effector nucleases targeting the leptin receptor gene

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第2期60卷 152-157页

作者： Yuting Chen Wenqing Lu Na Gao Yi Long Yanjiao Shao meizhen liu Huaqing Chen Shixin Ye Xueyun Ma Mingyao liu Dali Li Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China Ecole Normale Supérieure Institut de Biologie de l' Ecole Normale Supérieure Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1024 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8197 Paris F-75005 France Institute of Biosciences and Technology Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Houston Texas 77030 USA

The laboratory rat is a valuable mammalian model organism for basic research and drug discovery. Here we demonstrate an efficient methodology by applying transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs) technology to generate Leptin receptor(Lepr) knockout rats on the Sprague Dawley(SD) genetic background. Through direct injection of in vitro transcribed m RNA of TALEN pairs into SD rat zygotes, somatic mutations were induced in two of three resulting pups. One of the founders carrying bi-allelic mutation exhibited early onset of obesity and infertility. The other founder carried a chimeric mutation which was efficiently transmitted to the progenies. Through phenotyping of the resulting three lines of rats bearing distinct mutations in the Lepr locus, we found that the strains with a frame-shifted or premature stop codon mutation led to obesity and metabolic disorders. However, no obvious defect was observed in a strain with an in-frame 57 bp deletion in the extracellular domain of Lepr. This suggests the deleted amino acids do not significantly affect Lepr structure and function. This is the first report of generating the Lepr mutant obese rat model in SD strain through a reverse genetic approach. This suggests that TALEN is an efficient and powerful gene editing technology for the generation of disease models.

关键词：瘦素受体基因大鼠模型转录激活核酸酶肥胖子样体细胞突变 SD大鼠

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佛山市高明区豇豆绿色种植技术要点

南方农业 2023年第22期17卷 100-103页

作者：刘美珍佛山市高明区明城镇农业农村综合服务中心广东佛山528518

农产品质量安全事关民生福祉,因豇豆病虫害多发重发,用药相对频繁,花果同期采摘间隔短,农药残留风险隐患较为突出,我国将豇豆列为重点治理品种之一。为了提广东省高佛山市高明区广大农户的豇豆绿色种植生产水平,总结了豇豆农产品质量安... 详细信息

农产品质量安全事关民生福祉,因豇豆病虫害多发重发,用药相对频繁,花果同期采摘间隔短,农药残留风险隐患较为突出,我国将豇豆列为重点治理品种之一。为了提广东省高佛山市高明区广大农户的豇豆绿色种植生产水平,总结了豇豆农产品质量安全管理措施,包括品种选择、种植地块管理及生长期管理,并重点总结主要病虫害和防治对策。

关键词：豇豆农产品质量安全绿色生产广东省佛山市高明区

穴位贴敷与循经按摩护理对跟骨骨折术后患者的影响研究

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中国中医药现代远程教育 2022年第14期20卷 156-158页

作者：刘美珍江西省兴国县人民医院脊柱外科江西兴国342400

目的探讨穴位贴敷与循经按摩护理对跟骨骨折术后患者的影响。方法选择2019年2月—2020年2月江西省兴国县人民医院跟骨骨折术后患者82例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组41例和观察组41例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用穴位贴敷与循经按摩... 详细信息

目的探讨穴位贴敷与循经按摩护理对跟骨骨折术后患者的影响。方法选择2019年2月—2020年2月江西省兴国县人民医院跟骨骨折术后患者82例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组41例和观察组41例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用穴位贴敷与循经按摩护理,护理后,对患者效果进行评估,比较2组患者的术后并发症和护理满意度。结果观察组患者出现皮瓣坏死、腓骨短肌腱损伤、腓肠神经损伤等并发症的概率均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者对护理环境、护理人员的护理态度、护理专业度及护理质量等指标的评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者的护理满意度总评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在跟骨骨折术后患者的治疗中,使用穴位贴敷与循经按摩护理,能够有效降低患者并发症的出现,帮助患者更快地恢复,同时能够有效提升患者的护理满意度,值得推广应用。

关键词：穴位贴敷循经按摩护理跟骨骨折术后护理