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Multi-spherical interactions and mechanisms of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Southeast Asian archipelagic tectonic system

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 566-583页

作者： Rixiang ZHU Hongjun WANG Huajian WANG Xiaomei WANG Bo WAN Wang ZHANG Houqin ZHU Yuke liu junlai liu Qingren MENG Fang HAO Zhijun JIN State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentBeijing100083China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China Institute of Energy Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Global cooling began since 50 Ma,but a warm climate was maintained in the archipelagic tectonic system in Southeast Asia where a wealth of Cenozoic oil and gas resources was formed and preserved.From the perspective of Earth system,this study analyzes Cenozoic tectonic activities,climatic and environmental evolution,and petroleum enrichment in Southeast Asia,and provides the following insights:(1)Subduction of oceanic plates and the extension of overlying continental lithosphere resulted in widespread volcanic eruptions as well as the formation of rift basins and shallow marine shelves,leading to complex interactions between deep tectonic processes and Earth’s surface including mountains,basins,and seas.(2)Microcontinental accretion and prolonged stay in equatorial low-latitude regions have changed trade winds into monsoons,altered ocean current pathways and flow rates,and profoundly affected rainfall and climate.(3)The archipelagic tectonic system,coupled with a hot and rainy climate,fostered tropical rainforests,mangroves,and phytoplankton,providing abundant organic matter and promoting the development of petroleum resources.(4)Combinations of rift basin development and marine transgression and regression led to an effective superposition of source-reservoir-seal combinations from multiplepetroleum systems.Rapid deep burial of organic matter and high geothermal gradients facilitated the generation and large-scale accumulation of oil and gas.(5)Multi-spherical(such as atmosphere,biosphere,hydrosphere and lithosphere)interactions on the Earth,which resulted from the convergence of multiple tectonic plates,are believed as the primary driver for exceptional enrichments of Cenozoic oil and gas resources in Southeast Asia.These understandings are significant for developing theories of oil and gas enrichment under the guidance of Earth System Science.In order to continue making significant oil and gas exploration discoveries in the deep-layers,deep-waters,and unconventional oil and gas fields of Southeast Asia,attenti

关键词： Southeast Asia Archipelagic tectonic system Interactions of Earth’s spheres Oil and gas resources Cenozoic

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中下地壳切向分层流变的结果:喜马拉雅东段雅拉香波片麻岩穹隆

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岩石学报 2024年第5期40卷 1628-1646页

作者：江成宇周保军陈小宇刘俊来中国地质大学(北京)地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室北京100083 中国地质大学(北京)深时数字地球前沿科学中心北京100083

大陆中、下地壳切向(近水平)分层固态流动变形是地壳物质流动的重要形式之一,也是片麻岩穹隆的重要形成机制。雅拉香波穹隆位于特提斯喜马拉雅构造带的最东段,出露不同变质级别和时代的岩石地层,发育强烈的韧性剪切变形以及多期岩浆事件... 详细信息

大陆中、下地壳切向(近水平)分层固态流动变形是地壳物质流动的重要形式之一,也是片麻岩穹隆的重要形成机制。雅拉香波穹隆位于特提斯喜马拉雅构造带的最东段,出露不同变质级别和时代的岩石地层,发育强烈的韧性剪切变形以及多期岩浆事件,是研究造山过程中构造变形和岩浆历史的天然实验室。本文以该穹隆为研究对象,进行了详细的野外构造解析和显微观察等工作,总结出以下三个特点:(1)雅拉香波穹隆内不同构造层次的岩石经历了相同的构造体制和不同变形条件改造:从浅部到深部,变形温度逐渐递增,由390℃到600℃;差应力逐渐减小,从24.58MPa减少至8.72MPa;应变速率逐渐加快,从1.27×10^(-13)~1.28×10^(-13)/s增加到5.19×10^(-11)~5.21×10^(-11)/s。以上体现了地壳活动带强烈的分层流变特点。(2)结合前人研究划分了穹隆变形的三个期次(D_(1)、D_(2)和D_(3)),其中D_(1)表现为上盘向南的剪切方向,D_(2)则表现为上盘向北的剪切方向。进一步,将主要变形期次D_(2)进一步划分为两个阶段,早期主要是以单剪为主导的剪切作用类型,而晚期则是以纯剪为主导的剪切作用类型。(3)根据D_(2)面理和线理的产状分布特点,可以得出,深部岩石线理的倾伏角近水平,而浅层次岩石的线理倾伏角近竖直。基于以上研究表明,雅拉香波穹隆各部分岩石均遭受了不同程度的剪切改造,不同构造层次的岩石具有几何学上的一致性以及运动学上的解耦,体现了穹隆发育过程中运动方向上的转变。结合穹隆各部位线理的倾伏角的变化规律,本文认为雅拉香波穹隆记录了中下地壳分层流动的过程,穹隆的形成主要受中下地壳近水平切向流动控制,辅以垂向流动的改造。

关键词：藏南雅拉香波片麻岩穹隆穹隆形成机制中下地壳分层固态流变应变速率运动学涡度

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印度-欧亚板块碰撞带中下地壳分层流动与减薄:来自希夏邦马峰地区藏南拆离系构造解析的证据

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岩石学报 2024年第5期40卷 1475-1488页

作者：闫佳鑫刘俊来周保军闻俊豪中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心(西北地质科技创新中心) 中国地质调查局造山带研究中心西安710119 中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室北京100083 中国地质大学(北京)深时数字地球前沿科学中心北京100083 中国前寒武系省级地质自然保护区管护局昆明650600

造山带中下地壳物质流动是造山带地壳变形的重要表现,它制约着造山作用过程。印度-欧亚板块碰撞带内藏南拆离系为理解陆-陆板块会聚过程中中下地壳物质流动提供了范例。本项研究围绕喜马拉雅造山带中段希夏邦马峰地区藏南拆离系开展构... 详细信息

造山带中下地壳物质流动是造山带地壳变形的重要表现,它制约着造山作用过程。印度-欧亚板块碰撞带内藏南拆离系为理解陆-陆板块会聚过程中中下地壳物质流动提供了范例。本项研究围绕喜马拉雅造山带中段希夏邦马峰地区藏南拆离系开展构造解析、显微构造观察和淡色花岗岩独居石U-Th-Pb年代学分析。结果表明希夏邦马峰地区藏南拆离系为一宽约2km的韧性剪切带,剪切变形岩石具有显著的分层流动特征。藏南拆离系新生代时期经历了两阶段塑性变形:D 1期变形表现为面理S 1、对称状透镜体和层间褶皱F 1的发育;D 2期变形表现为糜棱面理S 2、近E-W向拉伸线理L 2、不对称旋转碎斑和透镜体及褶皱的发育。运动学标志表明D 2期变形为上盘向东的运动学特征。淡色花岗岩独居石U-Th-Pb测年分析获得三组年龄:32.26±0.29Ma、22.31±0.18Ma和15.54±0.11Ma,这三组年龄的淡色花岗岩分别表现出D 1期变形、D 2期变形和未变形特征。结合前人已发表数据,本文得出藏南拆离系ca.35~26Ma发生以纯剪为主的剪切变形(D 1期),ca.26~15Ma发生以单剪为主的剪切变形(D 2期)。D 1-D 2期变形为一递进剪切变形,二者可能归咎于印度-欧亚板块碰撞过程中中下地壳固态分层流动。

关键词：构造解析独居石U-Th-Pb测年希夏邦马峰地区藏南拆离系中下地壳分层流动

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Geology,Fluid Inclusion and Isotopic Study of the Neoproterozoic Suoi Thau Copper Deposit,Northwest Vietnam

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第3期90卷 913-927页

作者： TRAN Mydung liu junlai LI Xiaochun DANG Mycung General Department of Geology and Minerals of Viet Nam HanoiVietnam State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeoseieneesBeijing 10083China Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong KongChina Department of Science and Technology Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Socialist Republic of VietnamHanoiVietnam

The Sin Quyen-Lung Po district is an important Cu metallogenic province in Vietnam, but there are few temporal and genetic constraints on deposits from this belt. Suoi Thau is one of the representative Cu deposits associated with granitic intrusion. The deposit consists of ore bodies in altered granite or along the contact zone between granite and Proterozoic meta-sedimentary rocks. The Cu-bearing intrusion is sub-alkaline I-type granite. It has a zircon U-Pb age of ~776 Ma, and has subduction-related geochemical signatures. Geochemical analysis reveals that the intrusion may be formed by melting of mafic lower crust in a subduction regime. Three stages of alteration and mineralization are identified in the Suoi Thau deposit, i.e., potassic alteration; silicification and Cu mineralization; and phyllic alteration. Two-phase aqueous fluid inclusions in quartz from silicification stage show wide ranges of homogenization temperatures （140-383℃） and salinities （4.18wt%- 19.13wt%）. The high temperature and high salinity natures of some inclusions are consistent with a magmatic derivation of the fluids, which is also supported by the H-O-S isotopes. Fluids in quartz have JD values of-41.9‰ to -68.8%. The fluids in isotopic equilibrium with quartz have j180 values ranging from 7.9‰ to 9.2%. These values are just plotted in the compositional field of magmatie- hydrothermal fluids in the ~Dwater versus jlSOwater diagram. Sulfide minerals have relatively uniform j34S values from 1.84%o to 3.57%0, which is supportive of a magmatic derivation of sulfur. The fluid inclusions with relatively low temperatures and salinities most probably represent variably cooled magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. The magmatic derivation of fluids and the close spatial relationship between Cu ore bodies and intrusion suggest that the Cu mineralization most likely had a genetic association with granite. The Suoi Thau deposit, together with other deposits in the region, may define a Neoproterozoic subduction-related ore-forming belt.

关键词： Suoi Thau deposit Fan Si Pan belt copper ore deposit subduction related mineralization

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Timing,scale and mechanism of the destruction of the North China Craton

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第6期54卷 789-797页

作者： ZHU RiXiang CHEN Ling WU FuYuan liu junlai State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University ofGeosciences Beijing 100083 China

The North China Craton (NCC) is a classical example of ancient destroyed cratons.Since the initiation of the North China Craton Destruction Project by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,numerous studies have been conducted on the timing,scale,and mechanism of this destruction through combined interdisciplinary research.Available data suggest that the destruction occurred mainly in the eastern NCC,whereas the western NCC was only locally modified.The sedimentation,magmatic activities and structural deformation after cratonization at ～1.8 Ga indicate that the NCC destruction took place in the Mesozoic with a peak age of ca 125 Ma.A global comparison suggests that most cratons on Earth are not destroyed,although they have commonly experienced lithospheric thinning;destruction is likely to occur only when the craton has been disturbed by oceanic subduction.The destruction of the NCC was coincident with globally active plate tectonics and high mantle temperatures during the Cretaceous.The subducted Pacific slab destabilized mantle convection beneath the eastern NCC,which resulted in cratonic destruction in the eastern NCC.Delamination and/or thermal-mechanical-chemical erosion resulted from the destabilization of mantle convection.

关键词：克拉通化破坏机制中国国家自然科学基金会对流不稳定时序地幔对流华北东部

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Formation and timing of the extensional ductile shear zones in Yiwulü Mountain area,Western Liaoning Province,North China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第5期55卷 733-746页

作者： LI Gang liu ZhengHong liu junlai LI YongFei XU ZhongYuan DONG XiaoJie College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Shenyang 110034China

The NNE-trending ductile shear zones in Yiwulü Mountain area were formed in relation to two successive extensional events.The Yiwulü High Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone and the Waziyu Low Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone were related to ductile deformation at higher temperatures and brittle-ductile deformation at lower temperatures,respectively.Both deformations were accompanied by large scale volcanic eruptions and magmatic intrusions.Based on structural analysis of macroscopic and microscopic deformations,and quartz lattice preferred orientations,we show that the early Yiwulü High Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone was resulted from a NE-SW extension at amphibolite facies in the middle crust,whereas the Waziyu Low Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone was due mainly to a NWW-SEE extension at greenschist facies in the upper crust.The SHRIMP zircon age of a syn-tectonic granitic dike emplaced at the late stage of high temperature extension is 155±2 Ma,indicating that the early extensional event took place in the Middle-Late Jurassic.40Ar-39Ar age of muscovite from tectonic schists in the low temperature extensional ductile shear zone is 131.6±1.0 Ma,suggesting that the late extension occurred in the Early Cretaceous.Subsequent overall uplifting succeeded the late extension.The new discovery of the Middle-Late Jurassic NNE-trending extensional ductile shear zone provides evidence constraining the switch of tectonic regimes and Middle Jurassic thinning of lithosphere in the eastern North China Craton.

关键词：韧性剪切带伸展活动中国北方锆石SHRIMP年龄山区辽西时序韧性变形

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Early Cretaceous extensional structures in the Liaodong Peninsula:Structural associations,geochronological constraints and regional tectonic implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第6期54卷 823-842页

作者： liu junlai JI Mo SHEN Liang GUAN HuiMei Gregory A DAVIS State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute Beijing 100027 China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles CA90089-0740 USA

Various extensional structures,e.g.,half grabens,detachment faults,and metamorphic core complexes,were formed in the Liaodong Peninsula.There are two metamorphic core complexes (mcc's) in the western part of the Peninsula,i.***.the Liaonan mcc and the Wanfu mcc.They share the same lower plate and constitute a conjugate mcc pair.The Dayingzi detachment fault system and the three half grabens are exposed in the central and eastern parts,respectively.U-Pb dating of zircons from syntectonic plutons in the lower plates of the detachment faults and volcanic rocks from half graben basins indicates that their formation spans from 135 to 106 Ma,although the individual structure may be formed at a particular stage.Despite the differences in age of formation,in the regional attitudes,and in rooting depths,the extensional structures have great similarities in their kinematics,geometrical asymmetry,and coeval tectono-magmatic activities etc.Macroscopically,the extensional structures constitute conjugate associations,but a particular one generally has asymmetric patterns.Early Cretaceous extensional structures extend from the Liaodong Peninsula to North China,Northeast China,South China,and eastern Mongolia and Transbaikal area in Russia.The extensional structures from different areas share many common features.The Liaodong Peninsula is the miniature of the East Asia with respect to the formation of extensional structures in Early Cretaceous.It is suggested that the interaction of the Izanagi Plate with Eurasia Plate is responsible for the extension of crust.The structural mobility of the lithosphere,partly attributed to the fluid flow at the depth,and detachment faulting in both the crustal and mantle lithosphere provide important constraints on the development of Early Cretaceous extensional structures in the East Asia.

关键词：岩石圈结构伸展构造辽东半岛早白垩世区域构造协会年代学拆离断层系统

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Structure, evolution and regional tectonic implications of the Queshan metamorphic core complex in eastern Jiaodong Peninsula of China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第5期59卷 997-1013页

作者： XIA ZengMing liu junlai NI JinLong ZHANG TingTing SHI XingMing WU Yun State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Institute of Geological Research Shougang Geological Exploration Beijing 100144 China College of Geological Sciences and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590 China China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources Beijing 100083 China

The Queshan MCC is an important example of a crustal extensional structure in the eastern Jiaodong Peninsula along the southeastern margin of the NCC in the Early Cretaceous. The MCC is a typical Cordilleran-type core complex with a three-layered structure:(1) the upper plate is constituted by the Cretaceous supradetachment basin and Paleoproterozoic basement;(2) the lower plate comprises the Neoarchean high-grade metamorphic complexes and late Mesozoic granitic intrusions; and(3) the two plates are separated by a master detachment fault. A series of late NEN-oriented brittle faults superimposed on and destructed the early MCC. Petrology, geometry, kinematics, macro- and micro-structures and quartz c-axis fabrics imply that the MCC has a progressive exhumation history from middle-lower to subsurface level(via middle-upper crustal level) under the nearly WNW-ESE regional extensional regime. We present structural and geochronological evidence to constrain the exhumation of the Queshan MCC from ca. 135 to 113 Ma. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the different patterns of extensional structures in the Jiaodong and Liaodong Peninsula, we have defined the Jiao-Liao Early Cretaceou extensional province and further divided the crustal extension of it into two stages: the first stage was the intense flow of the middle-lower crust and the second stage was the extension of the middle-upper crust. Combining the tectonic setting, the lithosphere thinning in the Jiao-Liao Early Cretaceous extensional province can be considered a typical model for the response of crust-mantle detachment faulting under regional extension in East Asia.

关键词： Jiaodong 半岛 Queshan 变形核心建筑群分开差错地区 Jiao 辽河早白垩纪 extensional 省诺思中国 Craton

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Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Middle Ordovician Ocean Island Basalts from the Chagantaolegai Ophiolitic Mélange in Junggar,NW China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第4期95卷 1099-1111页

作者： CHEN Jiafu LI Rongyan MA Haitao HAN Baofu liu junlai Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines Department of GeologyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Earth Planetaryand Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Seamount accretion is one of the most significant accretionary orogenic processes in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt,but there are few paleo-seamounts reported from and debate on the tectonic evolution of the Junggar Ocean still exists.In this study,we present geochronological,mineralogical,geochemical and isotopic data for basalts from the Chagantaolegai ophiolitic mélanges in Junggar.Zircon U-Pb dating on one basalt yielded a weighted mean^(206)Pb/^(238)U age of 469±7 Ma,which suggests that it formed in the Middle Ordovician.All rock samples belong to alkaline basalt and show similar geochemical characteristics,displaying high TiO_(2)(~3 wt%),(La/Yb)N(17.6–19.0),ΣREE(232–289 ppm)and enrichment in Nb and Ta,which implies an ocean island basalt(OIB)affinity.Based upon positiveεN d(t)(+4.16 to+4.23),ΔNb(0.20–0.22)and low initial^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr(0.70425 to 0.70452)and Zr/Nb(3.35–3.57),we suggest that the Chagantaolegai OIB samples were likely derived from a fertile mantle source related to plume.The OIB rock assemblage,chert and marble in the southern part of the Chagantaolegai ophiolitic mélange indicates that a Middle Ordovician seamount was accreted to the Boshchekul-Chingiz arc due to the northward subduction of the Junggar-Balkhash Ocean.

关键词： ocean island basalt seamount Middle Ordovician CAOB West Junggar

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Microstructures and deformation mechanisms of hornblende in Guandi complex,the Western Hills,Beijing

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第9期56卷 1510-1518页

作者： ZHANG XiaoLi HU Ling JI Mo liu junlai SONG HongLin Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Resource and Earth Science China University of Mining and Technology China National Off-shore Oil Corporation Research Institute

Multiple methods were applied to study the deformation characteristics of hornblende in Archean plagioamphibolite mylonite from the Western Hills(Beijing),including optical microscopy(OM),electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).The hornblendes are σ and δ type porphyroclasts with the new-born needle shaped grains as their tails.The analysis of lattice preferred orientation(LPO) of both the porphyroclasts and the new-born grains shows that the main slip system of the deformed hornblende is(100),suggesting that the fabric characteristics of new-born grains inherit that of porphyroclasts.Sub-microstructures show the porphyroclast core is dominated by dislocation tangle,little or no dislocations in the new-born grains,and the subgrains confined by dislocations in the transition zone between porphyroclasts and new-born grains.By using plagioclase-hornblende geothermometry and hornblende geobarometry,the estimated temperature and pressure of porphyroclasts are 675.3-702.9℃ and 0.29-0.41 GPa and those of new-born grains are 614.1-679.0℃ and 0.11-0.31 GPa.The bulging recrystallization is summarized as deformation mechanisms of hornblende by the discussions of the microstructures,EBSD fabric,sub-microstructures,and the deformed temperature and pressure.

关键词：变形机制北京西山微观结构角闪石电子背散射衍射地质压力计透射电子显微镜晶格优选方位

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