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Kinetics of petroleum generation determined from multiple cold trap pyrolysis gas chromatography

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chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第3期42卷 254-258页

作者： liu jinzhong and {2. {2.1. State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry, guangzhou Institute of geochemistry, chinese academy of Science guangzhou 510640,{12. 2. Chevron Petroleum Technology Company, La Habra, CA 90633-0446, USA State Key laboratory of organic {2. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Chevron Petroleum Technology Company La Habra USA

THOUGH commercial Pyrolysis-GC is widely used to evaluate petroleum source rocks, its chromatogram composed of all compounds generated in the whole pyrolysis process cannot provide generating rates or activation energy distributions of individual component or compound groups. To overcome the limitation, a new technique, multi cold trap pyrolysis gas chromatography (MCTP-GC), has been developed by Chevron Petroleum Technology Compa-

关键词： organic geochemistry pyrolysis kinetics.

Belowground carbon balance and carbon accumulation rate in the successional series of monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第3期49卷 311-321页

作者： ZHOU Guoyi1, ZHOU Cunyu1, liu Shuguang2. tang Xuli1, OUYANG Xuejun1, ZHANG Deqiang1, liu Shizhong1, liu Juxiu1, YAN Junhua1, ZHOU Chuanyan1, LUO Yan1, GUAN Lili1 & liu Yan1 1. Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, chinese academy of sciences, guangzhou 510650, china 2. SAIC, EROS Data Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Sioux Falls, SD 57198, USA 1. Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China 2. SAIC EROS Data Center U.S. Geological Survey Sioux Falls SD 57198 USA

The balance, accumulation rate and temporal dynamics of belowground carbon in the successional series of monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest are obtained in this paper, based on long-term observations to the soil organic matter, input and standing biomass of litter and coarse woody debris, and dissolved organic carbon carried in the hydrological process of subtropical climax forest ecosystem—monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, and its two successional forests of natural restoration—coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and Pinus massoniana forest, as well as data of root biomass obtained once every five years and respiration measurement of soil, litter and coarse woody debris respiration for 1 year. The major results include: the belowground carbon pools of monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, and Pinus massoniana forest are {{2. ± 2.38 g·m?2. 16889 ± 1936 g·m?2.and 12.80 ± 1854 g·m?2. respec- tively, in 2.02. Mean annual carbon accumulation rates of the three forest types during the 2.a from 1978 to 2.02.are 383 ± 97 g·m?2.a?1, 193 ± 85 g·m?2.a?1 and 2.3 ± 86 g·m?2.a?1, respectively. The belowground carbon pools in the three forest types keep increasing during the observation period, suggesting that belowground carbon pools are carbon sinks to the atmosphere. There are seasonal variations, namely, they are strong carbon sources from April to June, weak carbon sources from July to September; while they are strong carbon sinks from October to November, weak carbon sinks from December to March.

关键词： monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, successional series of restoration, belowground, carbon pool, accumulation rate.

Promising interlayer sensitization strategy for the construction of high-performance blue hyperfluorescence OLEDs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1372-1382页

作者： Jianghui Wang Peng Zou Letian Chen Zhentao Bai Hao liu Wen-Cheng Chen Yanping Huo Ben Zhong tang Zujin Zhao State Key laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China. School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China. School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong 518172China

Multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence(MR-TADF)materials are promising candidates for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)with narrow electroluminescence(EL)*** researches focus on fabricating hyperfluorescence OLEDs to improve EL efficiencies of MR-TADF emitters by co-doping them with TADF sensitizers in a single host ***,in many cases,the polarity of the single host could be not suitable for both blue MRTADF emitters and blue TADF sensitizers,resulting in broadened EL spectra in high-polar hosts or decreased EL efficiencies in low-polar ***,we wish to report an efficient sensitization strategy for blue MR-TADF emitters by constructing an interlayer-sensitizing configuration,in which the blue TADF sensitizers and blue MR-TADF emitters are separated into two closely aligned host layers with high polarity and low polarity,*** on this strategy,efficient blue hyperfluorescence OLEDs are realized and verified by employing various TADF sensitizers and different MR-TADF emitters,furnishing outstanding external quantum efficiencies of up to 38.8%and narrow EL *** results validate the feasibility and universality of this interlayer sensitization strategy,which provides an effective alternative to high-performance blue hyperfluorescence OLEDs.

关键词： OLEDs interlayer sensitization

C-F insertion reaction sheds new light on the construction of fluorinated compounds

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chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 163-169页

作者： Dong-Sheng Deng Su-Qin tang Yong-Tu Yuan Ding-Xiong Xie Zhi-Yuan Zhu Yue-Mei Huang Yun-Lin liu Henan Key laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Key laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

The atom-economical C-F insertion chemistry is emerged as a promising technology for the synthesis of various fluorinated scaffolds,which have wide applications both in the academic and the industrial *** past three years have witnessed rapid developments in this *** highlight provides an overview on the evolution according to the fluorinating agents used.

关键词： C-F insertion Benzyl fluoride Acyl fluoride gem-Difluorocyclopropane Fluorinated scaffold

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塔里木盆地克拉2.气田天然气的成因探讨

天然气工业 2004年第11期24卷 8-10页

作者：李贤庆肖贤明米敬奎刘德汉申家贵唐永春肖中尧中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室美国加州理工学院石油能源与环境研究中心中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院

文章研究了塔里木盆地库车坳陷侏罗系煤系烃源岩在封闭体系下热模拟生成甲烷的碳同位素特征及其动力学参数,探讨了克拉2.气田天然气的成因。碳同位素动力学研究表明,库车坳陷侏罗系煤系烃源岩热模拟生成甲烷的碳同位素值介于-37‰^-2.... 详细信息

文章研究了塔里木盆地库车坳陷侏罗系煤系烃源岩在封闭体系下热模拟生成甲烷的碳同位素特征及其动力学参数,探讨了克拉2.气田天然气的成因。碳同位素动力学研究表明,库车坳陷侏罗系煤系烃源岩热模拟生成甲烷的碳同位素值介于-37‰^-2.‰之间;可以用动力学方法将煤系烃源岩热模拟实验数据外推,应用于地质条件。克拉2.气田天然气主要来源于中下侏罗统煤系烃源岩,属阶段捕获气,主要聚集了-5^-1 Ma阶段的天然气,其成熟度R(?)为1.3％-2.5％。这不仅得到早期相关研究成果的支持,而且也符合该区天然气的勘探实际。

关键词：煤系烃源岩大气田成因探讨碳同位素塔里木盆地侏罗系下侏罗统天然气库车坳陷热模拟实验

The generation and accumulation of natural gas from Yinan 2.gas pool in Kuqa Depression

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chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第S1期49卷 107-114页

作者： LI Xianqing XIAO Xianming tang yongchun XIAO Zhongyao Ml Jingkui {2. Dehan SHEN Jiagui {2. jinzhong The State Key laboratory of organic {2. Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Key laboratory of Coal Resources Ministry of EducationChina University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China The Research Center of Petroleum Energy and Environment California Engineer and Technology College21910 Currier RdWalnutCA 61769USA Research Institute of Exploration and Development Tarim Oil Field Sub-CompanyPetroChinaKorla 841000China

By using the methods of hydrocarbon generation kinetics and carbon isotope kinetics, combined with geological background of natural gas pool formation, the generation and accumulation of natural gas from Yinan 2.gas pool was studied in Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin. Natural gas of Yinan 2.gas pool is mainly derived from Middle and Lower Jurassic coal-bearing source rocks, and generally belongs to long time-accumulated gas. It is suggested that Yinan 2.gas is chiefly accumulated in the last 5 Ma, its Ro ranges from 1.2.% to 1.95%, and the loss rate of natural gas is about 2.%-30%. This work not only complements and reduces the deficiency of formation model of natural gas pools which traditionally depends on the matching relationships between source rock, reservoir, cap rock, and trap, but also is a useful reference in the study of other gas pools.

关键词： natural gas formation hydrocarbon generation kinetics carbon isotope source rock Yinan 2 gas pool Kuqa Depression.

Kinetic Model of Gaseous Alkanes Formed from Coal in a Confined System and Its Application to Gas Filling History in Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,Northwest china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第4期85卷 911-922页

作者： liu Quanyou ZHANG Tongwei JIN Zhijun QIN Shengfei tang {2. liu Wenhui Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing 100083China Bureau of Economic Geology The University of Texas at Austin University StationAustinTexas 78713- 8924USA Power Environmental and Energy Research InstituteCalifornia 91722USA Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

Based on the pyrolysis products for the Jurassic low-mature coal under programmed temperature,and chemical and carbon isotopic compositions of natural gas from the Kuqa Depression, the genetic origin of natural gas was determined,and then a gas filling model was established,in combination with the geological background of the Kuqa *** active energy of CH_4,C_2._6 and C_3H_8 was gotten after the data of pyrolysis gas products under different heating rates（2./h and 2.℃/h）were fitted by the Gas Oil Ratio（GOR）Isotope Model *** the frequency factor（Af）was chosen as 1×10^（14）,the active energy of CH_4,C_2._6 and C_3H_8 was 58 kcal/mol,57 kcal/mol and 54 kcal/ mol,*** distributive ranges of theδ^（13）C_1,δ^（13）C_2.andδ^（13）C_3 values for the pyrolysis gas products are-35.9‰to-30.7‰,-2..2.to-2..3‰and-2..4‰to-2..7‰,*** of the natural gases from the Kuqa Depression are dominated by hydrocarbon gases,with the high gas dryness（C_1/C_（1-4））at the middle and northern parts of the depression and the low values at both east and west sides and the southern *** carbon isotopes of methane and its homologs as a typical coal-type gas are enriched in ^（13）C,and the distributive range of theδ^（13）C_1,δ^（13）C_2.andδ^（13）C_3 value is-32.to -38‰,-2.‰to-2.‰and-2.‰to-2.‰,respectively,with the carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes being less negative with the carbon *** the ethane being enriched in ^（13）C the increasing tendency of the geological reserve of natural gas in the Kuqa Depression is *** observed change is consistent with the results of pyrolysate gas yield of coal as a potential gas source in the Kuqa Depression,suggesting natural gas was thermally derived from the humic organic matters and the carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes would coarsely predict the geological reserve of gas in the Kuqa *** the simulation of kinetic processes of gas generation for the Jurassic coal in the Kuqa Depression,the gas in th

关键词： natural gas gas kinetic carbon isotope gas-filling history Kuqa Depression

Recent advances in chemical protein synthesis:method developments and biological applications

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Science china Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1060-1096页

作者： Suwei Dong Ji-Shen Zheng Yiming Li Huan Wang Gong Chen Yongxiang Chen Gemin Fang Jun Guo Chunmao He Honggang Hu Xuechen Li Yanmei Li Zigang Li Man Pan Shan tang Changlin Tian Ping Wang Bian Wu Chuanliu Wu Junfeng Zhao Lei liu State Key laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Division of Life sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China School of Food and Biological Engineering Engineering Research Center of Bio-processMinistry of EducationHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Health sciences Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China College of Chemistry Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Medicine or Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Chemistry The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Shenzhen Graduate School Peking UniversityShenzhen 518055China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Life sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemical Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Chemistry Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Pharmaceutical Science Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511436China

The central dogma of modern biology underscores the pivotal roles proteins play in diverse biological processes,the study of which necessitates advanced methods to produce proteins with precision and *** protein synthesis,a powerful approach utilizing chemical reactions for the de novo construction of structurally accurate proteins,has emerged as a transformative tool for studying proteins and generating protein derivatives/mimics inaccessible by natural biological machinery,including post-translationally modified proteins,proteins comprised of unnatural amino acids,as well as mirror-image *** review summarizes recent strides in synthetic method developments for chemical protein synthesis,including innovative techniques in solid-phase peptide synthesis,the challenges presented by difficult sequences in either synthesis or folding and the exploration of novel ligation reactions using both chemical and enzymatic ***,the review also delves into newly developed protocols for site-selective protein modifications and the generation of stapled or macrocyclized peptides/miniproteins,highlighting the power of chemical methods to make structurally diverse *** applications of synthetic proteins in investigating post-translational modifications(phosphorylation,lipidation,glycosylation,ubiquitination,etc.),mirror-image biological processes and drug development are further ***,these topics provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of chemical protein synthesis.

关键词： chemical protein synthesis solid-phase peptide synthesis ligation reactions post-translational modifications mirror-image proteins peptide drugs

Electrocatalytic oxidation of gaseous toluene in an all-solid cell using a foam Ti/Sb-SnO2.β-PbO_(2. anode

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2023年第12期134卷 77-85页

作者： Zhikun liu Weiming Qian Min Chen Wenshuo Zhou Boying Song Bo Zhang Xiaolei Bao Qiong tang {2. liu Changbin Zhang Aerosol and Haze laboratory Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Joint laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Hebei Technological Innovation Center for Volatile organic Compounds Detection and Treatment in Chemical Industry Department of quality inspection and managementHebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical CollegeShijiazhuang 050026China College of Energy materials and Chemicals Leshan Normal UniversityLeshan 614000China

Mineralization of benzene,toluene,and xylene (BTX) with high efficiency at room temperature is still a challenge for the purification of indoor *** this work,a foam Ti/Sb-Sn O2.β-Pb O_(2.anode catalyst was prepared for electrocatalytically oxidizing gaseous toluene in an all-solid cell at ambient *** complex Ti/Sb-Sn O_(2./β-Pb O_(2.anode,which was prepared by sequentially deposing Sb-Sn O_(2.and β-Pb O_(2.on a foam Ti substrate,shows high electrocatalytic oxidation efficiency of toluene (80%) at 7 hr of reaction and high CO_(2.selectivity (94.9%) under an optimized condition,i.e.,a cell voltage of 2.0 V,relative humidity of60%and a flow rate of 100 m L/*** better catalytic performance can be ascribed to the high production rate of·OH radicals from discharging adsorbed water and the inhibition of oxygen evolution on the surface of foam Ti/Sb-Sn O_(2./β-Pb O_(2.anode when compared with the foam Ti/Sb-Sn O_(2.*** results demonstrate that prepared complex electrodes can be potentially used for electrocatalytic removal of gaseous toluene at room temperature with a good performance.

关键词： Gaseous toluene Electrocatalytic oxidation Lead dioxide Indoor air purification Solid cell