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Processes and environmental significance of the subglacial chemical deposits in Tianshan Mountains

Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1470-1478页

作者： liu gengnian LUO Risheng CAO Jun CUI Zhijiu College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

On the bedrock surface of Glacier No.1 in the headwater of Urumqi River, Tianshan Mts., well layered and crystallized subglacial calcite precipitations were discovered. Based on observations and analysis of the surface form, sedimentary texture and structure, and chemical composition of the deposits, clues about the subglacial processes and environment are deduced. The radial-growth crustation texture of the deposits, which builds up in the saturated CaCO3 so- lution, proves the existence of pressure melting water and water films under Glacier No.1; and their rhythmic beddings, dissolved planes and unconformable contacts show that the water films responsible for the formation of these structures were in a wide range of spatial as well as tem- poral variations. Though formed under continental glacier in non-limestone area, the deposits are quite similar to those formed under temperate glaciers in limestone areas, a fact that shows a similar process of chemical precipitation between the two. Hence the enrichment of calcium in the subglacial melting water and the process of precipitation have actually little to do with the bedrock lithology and the glacier types. The cemented detritus in the deposits are rich in Fe and Al while depleted in K, Na and Si; also the included clay mineral consists mainly of illite, which reveals some weak chemical weathering under the continental glacier. The subglacial CaCO3 precipitates when plenty of Ca++ melt into the subglacial melting water on a comparatively en- closed ice-bedrock interface under a high CO2 partial pressure, the forming of subglacial chemical deposits therefore offers unequivocal evidence for the ongoing of subglacial chemical reactions.

关键词： subglacial processes, chemical deposits, continental glacier.

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Much late onset of Quaternary glaciations on the Tibetan Plateau:determining the age of the Shishapangma Glaciation using cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be dating

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Science Bulletin 2018年第5期63卷 306-313页

作者： Yixin Chen Yingkui Li Mei Zhang Zhijiu Cui gengnian liu College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Geography University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA College of Urban and Environment Science Changchun Normal University Changchun 130032 China

The onset of Quaternary glaciations is a critical event in the climate and tectonic history of the Tibetan *** Shishapangma Glaciation,defined based on the till deposit from the northern slopes of ***,has been identified as the oldest glaciation on the Tibetan ***,the timing of this glaciation has not been *** measured^(10)Be and^(26)Al concentrations of a set of boulders on top of this till and simulated their complex exposure-burial *** simulated results indicate that the formation age of this till is likely around 835.2±241.0 ka,representing the minimum timing of glacial onset on the Tibetan *** Shishapangma Glaciation is apparently much younger than the glacial onset in many other areas of the world,such as Europe and North America,and was likely driven by the coupled effect between tectonic uplift and climate cooling during the early–middle Pleistocene transition.

关键词： Glacial onset Tibetan Plateau Quaternary glaciations Cosmogenic nuclides Exposure-burial history simulation

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Comment on planation surface

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第22期44卷 2017-2022页

作者： Zhiju Cui Dewen Li Yongqiu Wu gengnian liu Peking Univ Dept Geog Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ State Educ Commiss Open Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster Beijing 100875 Peoples R China

Planation surfaces includes peneplain, pediment and etchplain, which differ from each other in formation and distribution. The double leveling surfaces theory offered by Budel can be used to explain the landforms in limestone areas. According to Budel, that the residue is the upper layer of a planation surface is very important in studying the formation

关键词： planation surface peneplain pediment etchplain.

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Comments on the planation surface once more

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第10期47卷 793-797页

作者： CUI Zhijiu LI Dewen FENG Jinliang liu gengnian Department of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Urban and Resources Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute of Geography Hebei Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050011China

The authors reviewed the research of planation surface in recent years and commented on the development of method and theory about the planation surface. Some aspects of research, such as the restrictive planation surface, the karst planation surface, the fossil planation surface, the dating of weathering crust, the research of weathering crust and environmental evolution, extremely enriched the method and theory of the planation surface. Besides, the authors pointed out that we must take further steps to study the following issues: the deformation of planation surface, the original height of planation surface, the recognition and contrast of the planation surface. The weathering crust and planation surface should be regarded as a whole, and it will still be a principal aspect in the future.

关键词： planation surface topographic evolution research method dating of weathering crust.

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THE ORIGIN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GLACIAL DEBRIS FLOW IN THE DUKU HIGHWAY OF TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS, CHINA

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Chinese Geographical Science 1996年第3期6卷 282-288页

作者： Xiong Heigang liu gengnian Cui Zhijiu Song Changqing Department of Geography Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046PRC Department of Geography Peking UniversityBeijing 100871PRC Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039PRC

Debris flow is one of the most serious natural hazards in the TianshanMountains. According to trigger agent, the debris flow can be divided into stormtype which is caused by flood, and glacial type which is caused by flood from meltingof snow and glacier in hot weather. At present, debris flow causes damage mainly totransportation, sometimes to mining and residents in mountainous area. The catastrophic process and the forming condition of the debris flow show regional regularity,therefore, the research of its distribution, processes, and environmental condition isuseful in mitigating the natural hazard.

关键词： debris flow natural hazard Tianshan Mountains

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Discovery of Quaternary glacial evidence of Snow Mountain in Taiwan, China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第6期45卷 566-571页

作者： CUI Zhijiu YANG Jianfu liu gengnian WANG Xin SONG Guocheng Department of Geography Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Geography Taiwan UniversityTaibeiChina Department of Earth Science Chenggong UniversityTainanChina

There are glacial remains of three different periods on the main peak of Snow Mountain in Taiwan province, including cirque lake, crosswall, polished surface, striation, moraine ete. These three different periods were called, respectively, Shanzhuang ((44.25 ± 3.72) kaBP), Shuiyuan ((18.26 ± 1.52) kaBP), and Xueshan glacial stages (the late period of last glaciation). it is characterized by the earlier glacier broad in scale.

关键词： Snow Mountain peak last glaciation three glacier remains evidence.

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Global warming accelerates the upfreezing of permafrost in arid middle Tianshan Mountains

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第31期58卷 3806-3814页

作者： LI ChuanChuan CHEN YiXin NIE ZhenYu CUI ZhiJiu liu gengnian College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University

Upfreezing is an important geomorphic process in the periglacial *** is a product of cold climate and thus an important part of the cryospheric *** on the long-term positioning observations in the source area of the Urumqi River,this article represents an in-depth discussion of the characteristics of sorted circles and upfreezing mechanisms in the Tianshan *** the source area of the Urumqi River,the intensity of upfreezing is the highest within the top 25 cm near the surface,while targets with a diameter of 3 cm are least affected by *** is no distinct difference between the centre with fine grains and the margin with coarse debris within the same sorted circle in terms of the intensity of *** correlation analysis demonstrates that temperature plays an important role in upfreezing and the development of sorted circles.A long-time positioning observation of sorted circles reveals that periglacial landforms are sensitive to regional climate change and respond quickly to the temperature increase of the recent two *** upfreezing was found to be due to increased soil moisture content.

关键词：全球变暖天山区域气候变化乌鲁木齐河干旱冻土定位观测温度上升

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西藏普兰地区第四纪以来冰锯作用研究

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北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2020年第6期56卷 1065-1072页

作者：郭浩刘耕年北京大学城市与环境学院北京100871

为了验证西藏普兰地区冰川作用对地形演化的影响,选取纳木那尼峰、喜马拉雅山和冈底斯山3个区域,利用数字高程模型(DEM)数据和遥感影像,对现代冰川与末次冰盛期(LGM)古冰川平衡线高度(ELA)、冰川作用区坡度与高程的关系以及冰川分布的... 详细信息

为了验证西藏普兰地区冰川作用对地形演化的影响,选取纳木那尼峰、喜马拉雅山和冈底斯山3个区域,利用数字高程模型(DEM)数据和遥感影像,对现代冰川与末次冰盛期(LGM)古冰川平衡线高度(ELA)、冰川作用区坡度与高程的关系以及冰川分布的高程频谱进行计算和分析。结果显示,研究区内冰川剥蚀作用显著、坡度降低最明显的地带位于LGM古冰川平衡线附近,并在一定程度上限制山脉的高度。根据冰川地貌特征参数和前人研究结果,认为气候是影响冰锯作用的主要因素。冰期时,研究区内西风急流南移,风速增强,降水量增多,为冰川发育创造良好条件,冰锯作用也增强。对于构造抬升强烈的山脉(如纳木那尼峰),虽然冰锯作用得到加强,但是构造抬升增加的山脉高度不会完全被冰锯作用抵消。

关键词：冰锯平衡线高度(ELA) 海拔坡度构造抬升气候

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THE MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF ROCK GLACIERS IN TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1995年第1期5卷 41-51页

作者： liu gengnian Cui Zhijiu(Department of Geography, Peking University, Beijing 100871People’s Republic of China)Xiong Heigang (Department of Geography, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830045People’s Republic of China)

-Rock glaciers are developed at permafrost areas of periglacial environment in Tianshan Mountains [7,17]. Based on field surveying andair-photo interprestation, the paper discusses the shape, characteristics of supply area, formation conditions and environmental differentiations of rockglaciers at head area of Urmqi River (43°05'-43°08' N, 86°48’-86°53E) inKalawuchen Range and the head areas of Toudao River and Danangou River (43°30’-43°50’N, 85°00-85°30’E) in Yilanhabierga Rangu at ShawanCounty. Formation conditions and morphological characteristics of rockglaciers are studies in terms of topographic conditions, climate, compositionand age.

关键词： rock glaciers permafrost areas morphological features,Tianshan Mountains

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Discovery and character of the Kunlun-Yellow River Movement

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第10期43卷 833-836页

作者： CUI Zhijiu 1, WU Yongqiu 2,3 and liu gengnian 1 1. Department of Geography, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2. Open Research Laboratory of Environmental Changes and Natural Disaster of State Education Commission, Beijing 100875, China Department of Geography Peking University Beijing China Open Research Laboratory of Environmental Changes and Natural Disaster of State Education Commission Beijing China Department of Geography Sichuan Normal Uni-versity Chengdu China

Based on geomorphological, tectonic and sedimentary data, a Kunlun Yellow River Tectonic Movement has been recognized in 1 10-0 60 Ma B.P. This tectonic movement, which leads to uplift of the Qinghai_Xizang (Tibet) Plateau from 1 500 to 3 000-3 500 m, is periodic, abrupt and changeable in the movement rate of uplifting and slide slipping.

关键词： Kunlun Mountain Pass 700 kaB.P. tectonic movement.

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