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Rashba electron transport in one-dimensional quantum waveguides

Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第1期53卷 16-23页

作者： liu duanyang 1 , xia jianbai 1,2 & chang yiachung 2 1 state key laboratory for superlattices and microstructures, institute of semiconductors, beijing 100083, china 2 Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, china 1. state key laboratory for superlattices and microstructures Institute of Semiconductors Beijing 100083 China2. Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan 11529 China

The properties of Rashba wave function in the planar one-dimensional waveguide are studied, and the following results are obtained. Due to the Rashba effect, the plane waves of electron with the energy E divide into two kinds of waves with the wave vectors k 1 =k 0 +k δ and k 2 =k 0 -k δ , where k δ is proportional to the Rashba coefficient, and their spin orientations are +π/2 (spin up) and -π/2 (spin down) with respect to the circuit, respectively. If there is gate or ferromagnetic contact in the circuit, the Rashba wave function becomes standing wave form exp(±ik δ l)sin[k 0 (l-L)], where L is the position coordinate of the gate or contact. Unlike the electron without considering the spin, the phase of the Rashba plane or standing wave function depends on the direction angle θ of the circuit. The travel velocity of the Rashba waves with the wave vector k 1 or k 2 are the same hk0/m * . The boundary conditions of the Rashba wave functions at the intersection of circuits are given from the continuity of wave functions and the conservation of current density. Using the boundary conditions of Rashba wave functions we study the transmission and reflection probabilities of Rashba electron moving in several structures, and find the interference effects of the two Rashba waves with different wave vectors caused by ferromagnetic contact or the gate. Lastly we derive the general theory of multiple branches structure. The theory can be used to design various spin polarized devices.

关键词： Rashba wave function one-dimensional waveguide boundary condition

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