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Effects of Gully Erosion and Gully Filling on Soil Degradation in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第5期10卷 913-922页

作者： TANG Wen-jian liu Hong-hu liu bao-yuan College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai University Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Changjiang Water Resources Commission State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology School of GeographyBeijing Normal University

Gully erosion has caused soil degradation and even reduced soil productivity.However,only few studies on the effects of gully erosion and artificial controlling measures on soil degradation in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China are available.Thus,this study explores the relationships between gully erosion,gully filling and soil parameters.Two sets of soil samples were collected in the field at:(1) 72 sample points in the gully erosion study area,60 sample points in the ephemeral and classical gully erosion area(3,518 m2),12 sample points in the deposition zone(443 m2),(2)10 reference points along a slope unaffected by gully erosion representing the original situation before the gully was formed.All soil samples were analyzed for gravel content(GC),soil organic matter(SOM),total nitrogen(TN),available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK).The soil property values on unaffected slope were fitted by the polynomial curves as the reference values in no gully erosion area.The interpolated soil property values in gully eroded study area were compared with these polynomial curves,respectively,and then,changes of soil property values were analyzed.Gully erosion caused an increase in GC and a decrease in SOM,TN,AN,AP and AK.The change of GC,SOM,TN,AN,AP,AK was 8.8%,-9.04 g kg-1,-0.92 g kg-1,-62.28 mg kg-1,-29.61 mg kg-1,-79.68 mg kg-1.The soil property values in the study area were below optimal values.Thus,we concluded that gully erosion and gully filling caused both on-site and off-site soil degradation.Soil degradation area was 0.65 % of the cultivated land.In addition,it was proved that gully filling were an improper soil and water conservation measure,which seems to exacerbate the problem.Thus,it is suggested that soil where soil is deep is moved to fill the gully,and then the area around the filled gullies should be covered by grass for preventing the formation and development of the gully.

关键词：沟壑侵蚀土壤退化东北黑土区中国灌浆期水土流失面积土壤有机质多项式曲线

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Estimation of USLE crop and management factor values for crop rotation systems in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第9期14卷 1877-1888页

作者： GUO Qian-kun liu bao-yuan XIE Yun liu Ying-na YIN Shui-qing State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology School of GeographyBeijing Normal University

Soil erosion on cropland is a major source of environmental problems in China ranging from the losses of a non-renewable resource and of nutrients at the source to contamination of downstream areas. Regional soil loss assessments using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) would supply a scientiifc basis for soil conservation planning. However, a lack of in-formation on the cover and management (C) factor for cropland, one of the most important factors in the USLE, has limited accurate regional assessments in China due to the large number of crops grown and their complicated rotation systems. In this study, single crop soil loss ratios (SLRs) were col ected and quantiifed for 10 primary crops from past studies or re-ports. The mean annual C values for 88 crop rotation systems in 12 cropping system regions were estimated based on the combined effects of single crop SLRs and the percentage of annual rainfal erosivity (R) during the corresponding periods for each system. The C values in different cropping system regions were compared and discussed. The results indicated that the SLRs of the 10 primary crops ranged from 0.15 to 0.74. The mean annual C value for al 88 crop rotation systems was 0.34, with a standard deviation of 0.12. The mean C values in the single, double and triple cropping zones were 0.37, 0.36 and 0.28, respectively, and the C value in the triple zone was signiifcantly different from those in single and double zones. The C values of dryland crop systems exhibited signiifcant differences in the single and triple cropping system regions but the differences in the double regions were not signiifcant. This study is the ifrst report of the C values of crop rotation systems in China at the national scale. It wil provide necessary and practical parameters for accurately assessing regional soil losses from cropland to guide soil conservation plans and to optimize crop rotation systems.

关键词： cover and management factor,crop rotation system,soil loss ratio,rainfall erosivity,cropping system region

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新时代中国特色高等职业教育场域建构

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石家庄职业技术学院学报 2024年第1期36卷 18-24页

作者：刘宝元石家庄职业技术学院经济贸易系河北石家庄050800

随着教育4.0时代的到来,响应新时代职业教育现代化的迫切要求,在党的全面领导下建构政府、学校、家庭、社会协同育人;虚实融合,线上与线下相结合育人;学校与企业合作育人;职普融通、上下贯通育人;国内职业教育与国际职业教育合作互通育... 详细信息

随着教育4.0时代的到来,响应新时代职业教育现代化的迫切要求,在党的全面领导下建构政府、学校、家庭、社会协同育人;虚实融合,线上与线下相结合育人;学校与企业合作育人;职普融通、上下贯通育人;国内职业教育与国际职业教育合作互通育人的新时代中国特色高等职业教育场域。这样的教育场域既符合《中华人民共和国职业教育法》中明确的职业教育治理结构要求,又符合世界经济论坛报告中对“未来学校”教育场域的定义。

关键词：高等职业教育场域建构就业能力个人发展

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2018—2022年江苏省卡介苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

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江苏预防医学 2024年第2期35卷 201-204页

作者：许波荣胡冉刘元宝于静朱媛媛汪志国江苏省疾病预防控制中心江苏南京210009

目的掌握江苏省卡介苗(BCG)疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)流行病学特征,评价BCG接种安全性。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统和江苏省预防接种综合服务管理信息系统收集2018-2022年江苏省BCG AEFI个案信息和接种数据,进行描述性流行... 详细信息

目的掌握江苏省卡介苗(BCG)疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)流行病学特征,评价BCG接种安全性。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统和江苏省预防接种综合服务管理信息系统收集2018-2022年江苏省BCG AEFI个案信息和接种数据,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2018-2022年共报告BCG AEFI个案544例,报告发生率由53.86/10万剂降到12.42/10万剂,平均为27.18/10万剂,呈逐年下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=126.44,P<0.01)。一般反应、异常反应、偶合症分别为271例(13.54/10万剂)、258例(12.89/10万剂)、15例(0.75/10万剂)。异常反应中,局部脓肿和BCG淋巴结炎的报告发生率较高,分别为5.84/10万剂、4.00/10万剂;全身播散性BCG感染的报告发生率为0.15/10万剂。结论江苏省2018-2022年BCG AEFI报告发生率逐年下降,异常反应以局部脓肿为主,严重不良反应极为罕见,BCG安全性在预期范围内。

关键词：卡介苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测流行病学特征

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Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 177-188页

作者： Meng-Di yuan Jun-Fa liu bao-Liang Zhong Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)WuhanHubeiChina Department of Psychiatry Wuhan Mental Health CentreWuhanHubeiChina

Background The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder(PGD)and its symptoms among the bereaved population in China vary considerably.Aims This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of PGD and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China.Methods We conducted a literature search in major Chinese and English databases from their inception to 4 October 2023,for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PGD or its symptoms in bereaved Chinese individuals.The risk of bias of the included studies and certainty of the evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data(‘JBI checklist’)and the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations(GRADE),respectively.The‘metaprop’package in R V.4.1.2 was used to synthesise the prevalence.Results A total of 28 studies involving 10994 bereaved individuals were included in the analysis,with JBI checklist scores between 3 and 7.The combined prevalence(95%confidence interval)of PGD and its symptoms was 8.9%(4.2%to 17.6%)and 32.4%(18.2%to 50.8%),respectively.PGD and its symptoms were most prevalent among those who had lost their only child(22.7%)and those bereaved by earthquakes(80.4%),respectively.The GRADE system assigned a very low certainty level to the evidence for the pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms.Conclusions The pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms indicate a potential high need for grief counselling services among bereaved individuals in China.This need is particularly pronounced in those who have lost their only child and those bereaved due to earthquakes.Further methodologically rigorous studies are needed to provide more accurate prevalence estimates.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023432553.

关键词： symptoms prevalence analysis

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炮管内壁疵病信息检测系统设计

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光学与光电技术 2024年第1期22卷 52-59页

作者：赵媛媛于洵李敏韩峰刘宝元陈玉娇龚昌妹西安工业大学光电工程学院陕西西安710021 西安工业大学兵器科学与技术学院陕西西安710021 西安应用光学研究所陕西西安710065

近年来,内窥镜广泛应用于不同环境下管道内壁疵病检测。针对不同口径炮管内壁高精度疵病检测需求,通过设计一款大视场、短焦距的广角内窥镜头,实现对Φ76~Φ155mm口径范围内炮管内壁的全景成像,确定内壁疵病位置。同时可以旋转整个镜头... 详细信息

近年来,内窥镜广泛应用于不同环境下管道内壁疵病检测。针对不同口径炮管内壁高精度疵病检测需求,通过设计一款大视场、短焦距的广角内窥镜头,实现对Φ76~Φ155mm口径范围内炮管内壁的全景成像,确定内壁疵病位置。同时可以旋转整个镜头对炮管内壁进行侧视成像,实现对炮管内壁不同区域疵病0.5 mm的高精度测量。该系统基于Zemax设计软件,采用反远距物镜设计思路,利用非球面改善系统成像质量。最终实现光学系统视场为120°,焦距为2.5 mm,总长小于30 mm,最大畸变值小于15%,在探测器截止频率84 lp/mm处全视场均大于0.3,且光学系统结构简单、适用口径范围广、有较好的成像质量,满足炮管内壁疵病检的要求。

关键词：光学设计内窥镜炮管疵病检测广角物镜全景成像

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New clinical trial design in precision medicine:discovery,development and direction

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1293-1321页

作者： Xiao-Peng Duan bao-Dong Qin Xiao-Dong Jiao Ke liu Zhan Wang yuan-Sheng Zang Department of Medical Oncology Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

In the era of precision medicine,it has been increasingly recognized that individuals with a certain disease are complex and different from each other.Due to the underestimation of the significant heterogeneity across participants in traditional"one-sizefits-all"trials,patient-centered trials that could provide optimal therapy customization to individuals with specific biomarkers were developed including the basket,umbrella,and platform trial designs under the master protocol framework.In recent years,the successive FDA approval of indications based on biomarker-guided master protocol designs has demonstrated that these new clinical trials are ushering in tremendous opportunities.Despite the rapid increase in the number of basket,umbrella,and platform trials,the current clinical and research understanding of these new trial designs,as compared with traditional trial designs,remains limited.The majority of the research focuses on methodologies,and there is a lack of in-depth insight concerning the underlying biological logic of these new clinical trial designs.Therefore,we provide this comprehensive review of the discovery and development of basket,umbrella,and platform trials and their underlying logic from the perspective of precision medicine.Meanwhile,we discuss future directions on the potential development of these new clinical design in view of the"Precision Pro","Dynamic Precision",and"Intelligent Precision".This review would assist trial-related researchers to enhance the innovation and feasibility of clinical trial designs by expounding the underlying logic,which be essential to accelerate the progression of precision medicine.

关键词： clinical approval successive

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A highly sensitive fluorescent probe RN-NA reveals peroxynitrite as a novel biomarker for primary open angle glaucoma

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 219-227页

作者： Bo Qin yuan Lei Luo bao You-Jia Zhang Ke-Yin liu Yu-Hong Chen Department of Ophthalmology&Visual Science Eye&ENT HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China Key Laboratory of Myopia NHFPC(Fudan University)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration(Fudan University)Shanghai 200031China State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking Key Laboratory of Pulp&Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of EducationQilu University of TechnologyShandong Academy of SciencesJinan 250353Shandong ProvinceChina

AIM:To directly quantify peroxynitrite(ONOO-)using a highly sensitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe RN-NA,investigate the association between ONOOand primary open angle glaucoma(POAG),and clarify whether RN-NA could be used as a potential tool for POAG diagnosis.METHODS:Plasma and aqueous humor(AH)samples were collected from POAG patients(n=100,age:59.70±6.87y)and age-related cataract(ARC)patients(n=100,age:61.15±4.60y)admitted to our hospital.Next,RN-NA was used to detect ONOO-in plasma and AH samples,and the relationship between ONOO-level and POAG was analyzed using binary logistic regression.Besides,Pearson correlation analysis was applied to characterize the correlation of the levels of ONOO-with the patients’age,intraocular pressure(IOP),and mean deviation of visual field testing.The ONOO-scavenger MnTMPyP was employed to treat the 3-morpholinosyndnomine(SIN-1)-induced ocular hypertension in mice(n=7,6-8wk).Finally,the IOP and ONOO-in both eyes were measured 30min after the last drug treatment.RESULTS:ONOO-levels of AH and plasma were significantly higher in the POAG group than in the ARC group(P<0.01).Additionally,ONOO-levels were closely correlated with POAG in a binary logistic regression analysis[odds ratio(OR)=1.008,95%confidence interval(CI):1.002-1.013,P<0.01 for AH;OR=1.004,95%CI:1.002-1.006,P<0.001 for plasma].Pearson correlation analysis showed that ONOO-levels in AH or plasma were positively associated with visual field defects(R=0.51,P<0.01 for AH;R=0.45,P<0.001 for plasma),and ONOO-levels in plasma and AH were correlated in the POAG group(R=0.69,P<0.001).However,administering MnTMPyP to mouse eyes reversed the elevated IOP caused by SIN-1(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:ONOO-levels in AH and plasma,detected by RN-NA,are significantly related to POAG and positively correlated with visual field defects in POAG patients.Hence,ONOO-is a potential biomarker of POAG,especially advanced POAG.Besides,anti-nitration compounds may be novel ocular hypotensive agents based on the animal study.

关键词： peroxynitrite fluorescent probe RN-NA primary open angle glaucoma 3-morpholinosyndnomine

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Non-coding RNAs expression in SARS-CoV-2 infection:pathogenesis,clinical significance,and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 55-78页

作者： Xiaoxing liu Wandi Xiong Maosen Ye Tangsheng Lu Kai yuan Suhua Chang Ying Han Yongxiang Wang Lin Lu Yanping bao Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)100191 BeijingChina Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking University100871 BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan University570228 HaikouChina Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences&Yunnan Province KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences650204 KunmingYunnanChina National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences250117 JinanShandongChina Department of Neurology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina School of Public Health Peking University100191 BeijingChina

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has been looming globally for three years,yet the diagnostic and treatment methods for COVID-19 are still undergoing extensive exploration,which holds paramount importance in mitigating future epidemics.Host non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)display aberrations in the context of COVID-19.Specifically,microRNAs(miRNAs),long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),and circular RNAs(circRNAs)exhibit a close association with viral infection and disease progression.In this comprehensive review,an overview was presented of the expression profiles of host ncRNAs following SARS-CoV-2 invasion and of the potential functions in COVID-19 development,encompassing viral invasion,replication,immune response,and multiorgan deficits which include respiratory system,cardiac system,central nervous system,peripheral nervous system as well as long COVID.Furthermore,we provide an overview of several promising host ncRNA biomarkers for diverse clinical scenarios related to COVID-19,such as stratification biomarkers,prognostic biomarkers,and predictive biomarkers for treatment response.In addition,we also discuss the therapeutic potential of ncRNAs for COVID-19,presenting ncRNA-based strategies to facilitate the development of novel treatments.Through an in-depth analysis of the interplay between ncRNA and COVID-19 combined with our bioinformatic analysis,we hope to offer valuable insights into the stratification,prognosis,and treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： invasion therapeutic infection

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Global adaptive output-feedback tracking with prescribed performance for uncertain nonlinear systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 150-164页

作者： yuan WANG Yungang liu School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University

At present, one typical control strategy for guaranteeing transient and steady-state performance is funnel control and prescribed performance control. The strategy features completely discarding the system nonlinearities, even if they are completely known and available. Such an intrinsic feature requires the controller to produce a larger control effect to eliminate the negative impact caused by the high nonlinearities, leading to a conservative controller. In this paper, we fully take advantage of known information on nonlinearities in control design, instead of completely discarding it as done in funnel control. Particularly, we leverage adaptive techniques(i.e., high-gain dynamic compensation) to deal with unknown system nonlinearities. Meanwhile, we integrate the tools of output feedback, tracking control, and the performance guarantee.As such, an adaptive output-feedback scheme is developed for global tracking with spatiotemporal performance specifications: arbitrarily given tracking accuracy and accuracy-ensured time. A simulation example supports the developed approach.

关键词： uncertain nonlinear systems output feedback prescribed performance unknown control direction dynamic high gain global tracking

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