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Design and performance investigation of modified dual reflector parabolic trough collector with double planar mirrors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 902-918页

作者： LI Peijing liu taixiu QIN YuanLong LI JiChao liu QiBin School of Energy Powerand Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power University Beijing 226China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

In a typical parabolic trough collector(PTC), sunlight is concentrated at the bottom of the absorber tube. This concentrated solar flux leads to uneven heat distribution, resulting in high local temperatures and significant thermal stress on the absorber *** limitations have restricted the application of PTCs in solar thermochemistry and other fields and have impacted their safe operation. In this study, a new PTC with dual planar mirrors(DPMS) is proposed to homogenize the circumferential solar flux distribution of the absorber tube. A design method and single-objective optimization of the new PTC with a DPMS are proposed,and an uncertainty analysis of the operational and structural parameters is performed. A coupled light-heat-structure numerical model was developed to study the heat transfer performance and structural mechanical properties. The thermodynamic properties of the PTC with DPMS under different boundary conditions were analyzed. The results show that the circumferential temperature difference of the new PTC is within 2.6 K, and the circumferential thermal deformation is within 0.9 mm under typical working conditions(the inlet velocity of the heat transfer fluid is 3 m/s, inlet temperature is 573.15 K, and the direct normal irradiance is 1000 W/m^(2)). Compared with conventional PTCs, the circumferential temperature difference is reduced by 74%–90%, and the maximum thermal deformation along the y-axis is reduced by more than 95% under all working conditions(1–5 m/s, 373.5–675.15 K, 200–1000 W/m^(2)). The new PTC maintains the uniformity of the circumferential solar flux distribution for different operating parameters(sun incident angle of 0°–3°) and installation errors(±3 mm), is suitable for solar energy applications in various fields, and has the potential for large-scale applications.

关键词： solar thermal energy parabolic trough collector secondary reflector solar flux distribution optical optimization

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Performance Enhancement of Parabolic Trough Collector by Using Homogenizer and Spiral

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 658-674页

作者： LI Peijing liu taixiu QIN Yuanlong ZHENG Zhimei ZHAO Kai liu Qibin School of Energy Powerand Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing100049China Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China Research Institute of Science and Technology of China Three Gorges Group Corporation Beijing100038China

In conventional parabolic trough collectors(PTCs),sunlight is concentrated at the bottom of the absorber tube,resulting in a significant circumferential temperature gradient across the absorber tube,heat loss and thermal deformation,which affects the safety and thermal performance of *** this study,a new receiver with homogenizer and spiral(RHS) is proposed,achieving the optical and thermal synergy to ameliorate the thermal deformation of the absorber tube and enhance thermal efficiency.A plane structure homogenizer is designed to improve uniformity of the concentrated solar flux of absorber tube through second *** combination with the spiral,it improves the optical-thermal efficiency of the PTC by enhancing heat exchange between the fluid and the backlight side of the absorber *** performance of the collector is numerically studied by building a three-dimensional coupled light-thermal-structure *** results show that the thermal deformation of the RHS is reduced by more than 96% and the optical-thermal efficiency is improved by 1.2%-0.63% compared with conventional receivers(CRs) under the same inlet temperature *** proposed receiver is validated to be effective in reducing thermal deformation and improving optical-thermal efficiency.

关键词： parabolic trough collector homogenizer thermal deformation spiral

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New Hybrid CHP System Integrating Solar Energy and Exhaust Heat Thermochemical Synergistic Conversion with Dual-Source Energy Storage

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 970-984页

作者： QIN Yuanlong liu taixiu LI Peijing ZHAO Kai JIAO Fan PEI Gang liu Qibin Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

For the efficient use of solar and fuels and to improve the supply-demand matching performance in combined heat and power(CHP)systems,this paper proposes a hybrid solar/methanol energy system integrating solar/exhaust thermochemical and thermal energy *** proposed system includes parabolic trough solar collectors(PTSC),a thermochemical reactor,an internal combustion engine(ICE),and hybrid storage of thermal and chemical energy,which uses solar energy and methanol fuel as input and outputs power and *** methanol thermochemical decomposition reaction,mid-and-low temperature solar heat and exhaust heat are upgraded to chemical energy for efficient power *** thermal energy storage(TES)stores surplus thermal energy,acting as a backup source to produce heat without emitting CO_(2).Due to the energy storage,time-varying solar energy can be used steadily and efficiently;considerable supply-demand mismatches can be avoided,and the operational flexibility is *** the design condition,the overall energy efficiency,exergy efficiency,and net solar-to-electric efficiency achieve 72.09%,37.65%,and 24.63%,*** fuel saving rate(FSR)and the CO_(2) emission reduction(ER_(CO_(2)))achieve 32.97%and 25.33%,*** research findings provide a promising approach for the efficient and flexible use of solar energy and fuels for combined heat and power.

关键词： hybrid energy system solar thermochemical exhaust heat energy storage operational flexibility

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Experimental Investigation on an Absorption Heat Transformer for Production of Hot Water or Steam Generation

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第2期30卷 574-584页

作者： liu Feng JING Yang liu taixiu SUI Jun XU Yujie Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shandong Urban and Rural Planning Design Institute Jinan 250013China

The absorption heat transformer is widely used to utilize low-temperature waste heat in the field of distributed energy,industrial processing,and long-distance indoor heating,because it can upgrade energy level and deliver heat to heated *** this work,an experimental system of a vertical single-stage LiBr/H2O absorption heat transformer was established to study its performance in the case of producing high-temperature water or low-pressure steam generation under different heating water flow *** useful output heat,coefficient of performance,exergy coefficient of performance,and gross temperature lift of the single-stage heat transformer have all been *** results show that the absorber cannot directly generate low-pressure steam under the condition of counter-flow heat exchange but can obtain more useful output *** largest useful output heat is 20.3 kW,which is higher than that in the case of parallel-flow heat *** generation of low-pressure steam has certain requirements on the mode of heat *** largest internal gross temperature lift of 28.1℃corresponds to the smallest coefficient of performance of 0.22 when the heating water flow rate is 2.1 m3/*** performance of the single-stage absorption heat transformer can be improved to some extent by increasing the heating water flow rate.

关键词： vertical falling film absorber counter flow and parallel flow high-temperature water low-pressure steam exergy coefficient of performance

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New operation strategy and multi-objective optimization of hybrid solar-fuel CCHP system with fuel thermochemical conversion and source-loads matching

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第2期66卷 528-547页

作者： liu taixiu ZHENG ZhiMei QIN YuanLong SUI Jun liu QiBin Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

Multi-energy hybrid energy systems are a promising option to mitigate fluctuations in the renewable energy supply and are crucial in achieving carbon ***-fuel thermochemical hybrid utilization upgrades solar energy to fuel chemical energy,thereby achieving the efficient utilization of solar energy,reducing CO_(2)emission,and improving operation *** hybrid solar-fuel thermochemical CCHP systems,conventional integration optimization methods and operation modes do not account for the instability of solar energy,thermochemical conversion,and solar fuel *** improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy and fuel and achieve favorable economic and environmental performance,a new operation strategy and the optimization of a mid-and-low temperature solar-fuel thermochemical hybrid CCHP system are proposed *** system operation modes for various supply-demand scenarios of solar energy input and thermal-power outputs are analyzed,and a new operation strategy that accounts for the effect of solar energy is proposed,which is superior to conventional CCHP system strategies that primarily focus on the balance between system outputs and user *** alleviate the challenges of source-load fluctuations and supply-demand mismatches,a multi-objective optimization model is established to optimize the system integration configurations,with objective functions of system energy ratio,cost savings ratio,and CO_(2)emission savings ratio,as well as decision variables of power unit capacity,solar collector area,and syngas storage *** optimization design of the system configuration and the operation strategy improve the performance of the hybrid *** results show that the system annual energy ratio,cost saving ratio,and CO_(2)emission saving ratio are 52.72%,11.61%,and 36.27%,respectively,whereas the monthly CO_(2)emission reduction rate is 27.3%–47.6%compared with those of reference *** promising results will provide useful gu

关键词： solar thermochemical multi-energy hybrid operation strategy multi-objective optimization CCHP

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In-Depth Energy and Irreversibility Analysis in the Solar Driven Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting Cycle for Hydrogen Production

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第1期32卷 1-16页

作者： JIAO Fan LU Buchu CHEN Chen DAI Fei liu taixiu liu Qibin School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering and Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310032China

Hydrogen production via a two-step thermochemical cycle based on solar energy has attracted increasing ***,the severe irreversible loss causes the low *** make sense of the irreversibility,an in-depth thermodynamic model for the solar driven two-step thermochemical cycles is *** from previous literatures solely focusing on the energy loss and irreversibility of devices,this work decouples a complex energy conversion process in three sub-processes,i.e.,reaction,heat transfer and re-radiation,acquiring the cause of irreversible *** results from the case study indicate that the main irreversibility caused by inert sweeping gas for decreasing the reduction reaction temperature dominates the cycle *** reduction reaction temperature without severe energy penalty of inert sweeping gas is important to reducing this irreversible loss.A favorable performance is achieved by decreasing re-oxidation rate,increasing hydrolysis conversion rate and achieving a thermochemical cycle with a lower equilibrium temperature of reduction reaction at atmosphere *** research clarifies the essence of process irrrversibility in solar thermichemical cycles,and the findings point out the potential to develop efficient solar driven two-step thermochemical cycles for hydrogen production.

关键词： thermochemical cycle hydrogen irreversibility thermodynamics

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多能源热互补分布式能源系统的节能率评价方法

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电力系统自动化 2018年第4期42卷 151-157页

作者：徐聪刘泰秀隋军刘启斌中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京市100190 中国科学院大学北京市100049

多能源互补是分布式能源系统的重要发展方向,相比于化石能源驱动的分布式能源系统,其节能特性的评价方法研究尚有不足。针对多能源热互补分布式能源系统提出节能率的计算方法,将系统输入的低品位非化石能源按其做功能力统一折合成燃料,... 详细信息

多能源互补是分布式能源系统的重要发展方向,相比于化石能源驱动的分布式能源系统,其节能特性的评价方法研究尚有不足。针对多能源热互补分布式能源系统提出节能率的计算方法,将系统输入的低品位非化石能源按其做功能力统一折合成燃料,与输出相同产品的常规分产系统进行比较得到节能率。通过典型太阳能与燃料互补的分布式能源系统比较分析了3种节能率计算方法下,可再生能源占比、不同形式能量输出比、热/热化学输入热的温度等参数对系统节能性的影响规律,并以具体的热电联产案例验证了文中节能率计算方法的适用性。结果表明,所提出的节能率计算方法能够更为合理地评价含有非化石能源的多能互补系统节能特性,获得了节能率随可再生能源占比增大而增大,随热互补太阳能集热温度升高而降低,随热化学互补太阳能集热温度升高而先上升后下降的规律,反映了根据能的品位合理利用非化石能源和提高多能互补技术先进性能够改善系统的节能性能。

关键词：分布式能源系统多能源互补热互补热化学互补节能率

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太阳能热化学循环制氢研究进展

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科学通报 2022年第19期67卷 2142-2157页

作者：焦钒刘泰秀陈晨吕布楚龙怡彪刘启斌华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京102206 中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京100190 中国科学院大学工程科学学院北京100049

太阳能热化学制氢被认为是能源可持续利用最具潜力的途径之一,对推进“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的实现,缓解能源与环境危机具有重大的战略意义.直接热解水虽能实现近零碳排放制氢,然而超高的反应温度以及氢、氧产物分离难等问题,使之难以... 详细信息

太阳能热化学制氢被认为是能源可持续利用最具潜力的途径之一,对推进“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的实现,缓解能源与环境危机具有重大的战略意义.直接热解水虽能实现近零碳排放制氢,然而超高的反应温度以及氢、氧产物分离难等问题,使之难以应用于规模化产氢.太阳能热化学循环间接分解水制氢,通过载氧材料循环来降低直接热解水温度,并实现氢、氧产物分步分离,将间歇、波动、能流密度低的太阳能转化为稳定、高密度的氢气化学能,受到广泛的关注和研究.然而,受限于太阳能热化学循环制氢存在的温度高、效率低、经济性差等诸多瓶颈问题,当前研究仍停留在理论分析与实验研究阶段,阻碍着该项技术的进一步发展.本文围绕太阳能热化学循环制氢,综述了不同循环体系的发展历程及重要进展,并对热化学循环所面临的主要挑战进行了讨论与建议,以期为太阳能热化学循环的研究和发展提供新见解与新思路,为太阳能燃料的高效、稳定、安全以及大规模生产奠定基础.

关键词：太阳能热化学循环制氢载氧材料氧化还原反应可再生能源

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Ce基太阳能热化学循环的不可逆性分析

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工程热物理学报 2022年第11期43卷 2852-2857页

作者：焦钒陈晨刘泰秀郑志美吕布楚刘启斌华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京102206 中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京100190 中国科学院大学北京100049 浙江工业大学机械工程学院杭州310014

太阳能热化学制氢是太阳能利用有效途径,太阳能热化学两步循环通过载氧体的氧化还原反应实现间接分解水制氢,降低直接热解水温度并分步分离氢、氧产物,被广泛关注和研究。目前对于以CeO_(2)/CeO_(2−δ)氧化还原反应对为代表的太阳能热... 详细信息

太阳能热化学制氢是太阳能利用有效途径,太阳能热化学两步循环通过载氧体的氧化还原反应实现间接分解水制氢,降低直接热解水温度并分步分离氢、氧产物,被广泛关注和研究。目前对于以CeO_(2)/CeO_(2−δ)氧化还原反应对为代表的太阳能热化学循环,系统热力学分析尚停留在能量分析层面,不可逆损失分布及原因仍需进一步探索与研究。本文通过对典型Ce基太阳能热化学循环进行不可逆性分析发现,Ce基太阳能热化学循环基于非化学计量比氧化还原特性,通过增加循环载氧体缓解工作在较低氧压下的真空泵机械损失。氧分压提升引入的循环载氧体增量,导致了高温还原与低温氧化切换过程中的较大加热、冷却不可逆损失,以及与这部分循环载氧体增量有关的辐射损失,严重降低了太阳能热化学制氢效率。降低这部分与氧分压有关的不可逆损失是提升非化学计量比太阳能热化学循环效率的关键。研究结果为太阳能热化学循环高效制氢提供了理论依据。

关键词：热化学循环不可逆性太阳能氢熵增

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重庆市大学生精液常规参数与精子DNA损伤的关联性分析

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第三军医大学学报 2016年第11期38卷 1325-1330页

作者：刘太秀崔志鸿曹佳宁夏医科大学公共卫生与管理学院银川750004 第三军医大学军事预防医学院毒理学研究所重庆400038

目的探讨重庆市在校大学生精液常规参数与精子DNA损伤水平之间的关联性。方法 2014年6月招募的重庆大学生男性生殖健康调查(male reproductive health in Chongqing college students,MARHCS)队列639名健康大学生,手淫法采集精液样本,... 详细信息

目的探讨重庆市在校大学生精液常规参数与精子DNA损伤水平之间的关联性。方法 2014年6月招募的重庆大学生男性生殖健康调查(male reproductive health in Chongqing college students,MARHCS)队列639名健康大学生,手淫法采集精液样本,用计算机辅助精子分析系统(Computer-aided sperm analysis,CASA)进行精液常规分析,采用Diff-Quick试剂盒检测精子形态,采用单细胞凝胶电泳(彗星实验)检测精子DNA损伤,采用Spearman相关分析探讨精子DNA损伤与精液常规参数间的关联性。结果大学生人群精液常规各指标(中位数):精液量为3.6 m L,精子密度为52.0×106/m L,精子总活力为89.4%,前向运动精子百分率为57.0%,精子正常形态率为21.3%。精子DNA损伤(彗星实验指标)水平:尾部DNA含量百分比(Tail DNA%)为19.4%,尾长(tail length,TL)为35.7 pixels,彗星长(comet length,CL)为81.6 pixels,尾距(tail moment,TM)为7.6,Olive尾距(olive tail moment,OTM)为6.3。经Spearman相关性分析,精子密度与Tail DNA%呈负向关联(P<0.05),精子总活力(%)与Tail DNA%、CL、TM、OTM呈负向关联(P值均<0.01),前向运动精子百分率与精子Tail DNA%、CL、TL、TM、OTM呈负向关联(P值均<0.05)。结论重庆市大学生精子密度、精子总活力、前向运动精子百分率均与精子DNA损伤呈负向关联。

关键词：精液分析精子DNA损伤大学生关联分析

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