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Prediction of solar activities:Sunspot numbers and solar magnetic synoptic maps

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2460-2477页

作者： Rui ZHUO Jiansen he Die duan Rong lin Ziqi WU Limei YAN Yong WEI School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100091China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics Department of MathematicsKU LeuvenLeuven 3001Belgium Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The evolution of solar magnetic fields is significant for understanding and predicting solar *** our knowledge of solar magnetic fields largely depends on the photospheric magnetic *** this paper,based on the spherical harmonic expansion of the photospheric magnetic field observed by Wilcox Solar Observatory,we analyze the time series of spherical harmonic coefficients and predict Sunspot Number as well as synoptic maps for Solar Cycle *** find that solar maximum years have complex short-period disturbances,and the time series of coefficient g_(7)~0 is nearly in-phase with Sunspot Number,which may be related to solar meridional *** Long Short-Term Memory networks(LSTM),our prediction suggests that the maximum of Solar Cycle 25 is likely to occur in June 2024 with an error of 8 months,the peak sunspot number may be 166.9±22.6,and the next solar minimum may occur around January *** incorporating Empirical Mode Decomposition,we enhance our forecast of synoptic maps truncated to Order 5,validating their relative *** prediction not only addresses a gap in forecasting the global distribution of the solar magnetic field but also holds potential reference value for forthcoming solar observation plans.

关键词： Solar activity prediction Solar magnetic field Spherical harmonic expansion Long-Short Term Memory(LSTM) Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)

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Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice by regulating intestinal epithelial cells autophagy

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 728-738页

作者： lin Zhu Lu he Wu duan Bo Yang Ning Li Department of Pediatrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University Shenzhen 518000Guangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Organ Transplantation Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Physical Education Heze UniversityHeze 274015Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)is a severe gastrointestinal disease that affects premature *** mounting evidence supports the therapeutic effect of exosomes on NEC,the underlying mechanisms remain *** To investigate the mechanisms underlying the regulation of inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function by umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(UCMSCs)exosomes,as well as their potential in alleviating NEC in neonatal *** NEC was induced in 5-d-old C57BL/6 pups through hypoxia and gavage feeding of formula containing lipopolysaccharide(LPS),after which the mice received human UCMSC exosomes(hUCMSC-exos).The control mice were allowed to breastfeed with their *** tissues were collected from the mice and analyzed by histopathology and *** tissues were collected from NEC neonates and analyzed by *** biology and cell culture approaches were employed to study the related mechanisms in intestinal epithelial *** We found that autophagy is overactivated in intestinal epithelial cells during NEC,resulting in reduced expression of tight junction proteins and an increased inflammatory *** ability of hUCMSC-exos to ameliorate NEC in a mouse model was dependent on decreased intestinal *** also showed that hUCMSC-exos alleviate the inflammatory response and increase migration ability in intestinal epithelial cells induced by *** These results contribute to a better understanding of the protective mechanisms of hUCMSC-exos against NEC and provide a new theoretical and experimental foundation for NEC *** findings also enhance our understanding of the role of the autophagy mechanism in NEC,offering potential avenues for identifying new therapeutic targets.

关键词： Necrotizing enterocolitis Autophagy Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell Exosomes Intestinal epithelial cell Intestinal barrier function

CD146,a therapeutic target involved in cell plasticity

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1563-1578页

作者： Zhenzhen Wu Yuzhe Zang Chuyi Li Zhiheng he Jingyu Liu Zhaoqi Du Xinran Ma lin Jing Hongxia duan Jing Feng Xiyun Yan CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme Key Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical ScienceZhengzhou 451163China Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes in Zhengzhou University School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Since its identification as a marker for advanced melanoma in the 1980s,CD146 has been found to have multiple functions in both physiological and pathological processes,including embryonic development,tissue repair and regeneration,tumor progression,fibrosis disease,and *** research has revealed that CD146 is involved in various signaling pathways as a receptor or coreceptor in these *** correlation between CD146 and multiple diseases has sparked interest in its potential applications in diagnosis,prognosis,and targeted *** better comprehend the versatile roles of CD146,we have summarized its research history and synthesized findings from numerous reports,proposing that cell plasticity serves as the underlying mechanism through which CD146 contributes to development,regeneration,and various *** CD146 would consequently halt cell state shifting during the onset and progression of these related ***,the development of therapy targeting CD146 holds significant practical value.

关键词： CD146 cell plasticity therapeutic target

Giant piezotronic effect in ferroelectric field effect transistor

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8465-8471页

作者： haiming Zhang Mengshuang Chi Shidai Tian Tian Liang Jitao Liu Xiang Zhang lingyu Wan Zhong lin Wang Junyi Zhai Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science&TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and SystemsBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332USA

The piezotronics effect utilizes a piezopotential to modulate and control current in *** materials,as a type of piezoelectric materials,possess piezoelectric coefficients that are significantly larger than those found in conventional piezoelectric ***,we propose a strain modulated ferroelectric field-effect transistor(St-FeFET)utilizing external strain instead of gate voltage to achieve ferroelectric modulation,which eliminates the need for gate *** applying a very small strain(0.01%),the St-FeFET can achieve a maximum on-off current ratio of 1250%and realizes a gauge factor(GF)of 1.19×10^(6),which is much higher than that of conventional strain *** work proposes a new method for realizing highly sensitive strain sensors and presents innovative approaches to the operation methods of ferroelectric field-effect transistors as well as potential applications for coupling of strain sensors and various devices across different fields.

关键词： ferroelectric field-effect transistors piezotronics [Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)]_((1-x)^(-))[PbTiO_(3)]_(x)(PMN-PT) strain sensors

Immunostimulatory gene therapy combined with checkpoint blockade reshapes tumor microenvironment and enhances ovarian cancer immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 854-868页

作者： Yunzhu lin Xiang Wang Shi he Zhongxin duan Yunchu Zhang Xiaodong Sun Yuzhu Hu Yuanyuan Zhang Zhiyong Qian Xiang Gao Zhirong Zhang Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of EducationWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Pharmacy Evidence-based Pharmacy CenterWest China Second University HospitalKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengdu 610041China Department of Radiation Oncology State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengdu 610041China West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Immune evasion has made ovarian cancer notorious for its refractory features, making the development of immunotherapy highly appealing to ovarian cancer treatment. The immune-stimulating cytokine IL-12 exhibits excellent antitumor activities. However, IL-12 can induce IFN-γ release and subsequently upregulate PDL-1 expression on tumor cells. Therefore, the tumor-targeting folate-modified delivery system F-DPC is constructed for concurrent delivery of IL-12 encoding gene and small molecular PDL-1 inhibitor(i PDL-1) to reduce immune escape and boost anti-tumor immunity. The physicochemical characteristics, gene transfection efficiency of the F-DPC nanoparticles in ovarian cancer cells are analyzed. The immune-modulation effects of combination therapy on different immune cells are also studied. Results show that compared with non-folate-modified vector, folate-modified F-DPC can improve the targeting of ovarian cancer and enhance the transfection efficiency of p IL-12. The underlying anti-tumor mechanisms include the regulation of T cells proliferation and activation, NK activation,macrophage polarization and DC maturation. The F-DPC/p IL-12/i PDL-1 complexes have shown outstanding antitumor effects and low toxicity in peritoneal model of ovarian cancer in mice. Taken together, our work provides new insights into ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Novel F-DPC/p IL-12/i PDL-1 complexes are revealed to exert prominent anti-tumor effect by modulating tumor immune microenvironment and preventing immune escape and might be a promising treatment option for ovarian cancer treatment.

关键词： IL-12encodinggene Checkpointblocker Nanoparticles Targeted delivery Tumormicroenvironment Immune escape Ovarian cancer Immunotherapy

EDU-GAN:Edge Enhancement Generative Adversarial Networks with Dual-Domain Discriminators for Inscription Images Denoising

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1633-1653页

作者： Yunjing Liu Erhu Zhang Jingjing Wang Guangfeng lin Jinghong duan School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710048China Department of Information Science Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710054China School of Faculty of Painting Packaging Engineering and Digital MediaXi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710048China School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710048China

Recovering high-quality inscription images from unknown and complex inscription noisy images is a challenging research *** fromnatural images,character images pay more attention to stroke ***,existingmodelsmainly consider pixel-level informationwhile ignoring structural information of the character,such as its edge and glyph,resulting in reconstructed images with mottled local structure and character *** solve these problems,we propose a novel generative adversarial network(GAN)framework based on an edge-guided generator and a discriminator constructed by a dual-domain U-Net framework,i.e.,*** existing frameworks,the generator introduces the edge extractionmodule,guiding it into the denoising process through the attention mechanism,which maintains the edge detail of the restored inscription ***,a dual-domain U-Net-based discriminator is proposed to learn the global and local discrepancy between the denoised and the label images in both image and morphological domains,which is helpful to blind denoising *** proposed dual-domain discriminator and generator for adversarial training can reduce local artifacts and keep the denoised character structure *** to the lack of a real-inscription image,we built the real-inscription dataset to provide an effective benchmark for studying inscription image *** experimental results show the superiority of our method both in the synthetic and real-inscription datasets.

关键词： Dual-domain discriminators inscription images denoising edge-guided generator

Combination of methylthio-chemistry with living crystallization-driven self-assembly toward uniformπ-conjugated nanostructures with antibacterial activity,surface tailorability,tunable morphology and dimension

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2341-2352页

作者： Chuyu duan Binbin Xu Ruru Li Xiaoyu Huang Shaoliang lin Chun Feng Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Living crystallization-driven self-assembly(CDSA)provides robust access to uniformπ-conjugated nanostructures(CNSs)from block copolymers(BCPs)containing a crystallineπ-conjugated segment with controlled dimension,morphology and composition,which show appealing applications in biomedicine,photocatalysis and *** further expand the application spectrum of these CNSs,the development of facile strategies toward diverse CNSs with varying structures/functionalities is highly ***,BCPs consisting of oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene)-b-poly(polypropyl-3-methanethiol acrylate)(OPE_(9)-bPMTPA35and OPE_(9)-b-PMTPA_(58);the subscript represents the number of repeat unit of each block)consisting of a crystallineπ-conjugated core-forming OPE_(9)segment and a corona-forming PMTPA block are *** efficient“click-type”alkylation of methylthio groups,OPE_(9)-b-PMTPA with varying contents of sulfonium unit is *** ribbon-like micelles with different widths and lengths can then be generated in a controlled manner via the self-seeding approach of living ***,negatively charged polymeric and Ag nanoparticles can be immobilized on sulfonium/methylthio-containing shells by taking advantage of electrostatic attraction and coordination interaction,***,the ribbon-like micelles with positively charged shells exhibit antibacterial activity against *** the ease of modification of PMTPA-based shell and attractive opto-electronic/photocatalytic properties ofπ-conjugated units,the combination of methylthio-chemistry and living CDSA opens a new avenue to generate multi-functional CNSs for widespread applications from biomedicine to photocatalysis.

关键词： crystallization-driven self-assembly block copolymer π-conjugated nanostructure methylthio-chemistry

Evaluation method for electromagnetic interference complexity of high voltage switch based on feature extraction and GCC-GRU network

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HIGH VOLTAGE 2024年第3期9卷 749-761页

作者： Lu, Wenchao duan, Jiandong Cheng, lin Lu, Jiangping Tao, Jiaxin Yin, Jianning Xian Univ Technol Sch Elect Engn Xian Peoples R China State Grid Shaanxi Elect Power Co Ltd Power Res Inst Xian Peoples R China

When some new-type sensors are subjected electromagnetic interference (EMI), the traditional standard can no longer serve as the guidance for their EMI protection. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the complexity of the new sensing equipment's suffering from electromagnetic interference. A hybrid method of feature extraction and complexity evaluation of Electromagnetic Interference signals based on generalised correntropy criterion (GCC) is proposed. First, a variational mode decomposition algorithm for adaptive extraction of decomposed signals is constructed using GCC, and Generalised S-transform is used for processing and reorganisation. Then, according to the time-frequency space model, a new quantitative evaluation criterion interference factor is proposed, which overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional qualitative classification and the inability to solve the cross classification of indicators. Then, the Gated Recurrent Unit is introduced, and the GCC-GRU evaluation model with GCC as the loss function is derived. The authors conduct EMI tests and measured signal evaluation with Medium Voltage and High Voltage switches, and the results show that the method proposed is correct and effective.

关键词： EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION EQUIPMENT SPECTRUM

Neddylation is a novel therapeutic target for lupus by regulating double negative T cell homeostasis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 738-750页

作者： Yun Zhang Lijun Du Chenxi Wang Zhangsheng Jiang Qingchi duan Yiping Li Zhijun Xie Zhixing he Yi Sun lin Huang Liwei Lu Chengping Wen Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine rheumatology of Zhejiang Province Research Institute of Chinese Medical Clinical Foundation and ImmunologyCollege of Basic Medical ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Department of General Surgery Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016China Cancer Institute(Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education)of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310029China Cancer Center of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029China Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Chongqing International Institute for Immunology Chongqing 400038China

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),a severe autoimmune disorder,is characterized by systemic inflammatory response,autoantibody accumulation and damage to *** dysregulation of double-negative(DN)T cells is considered as a crucial commander during ***,a significant type of protein post-translational modification(PTM),has been well-proved to regulate T cell-mediated immune ***,the function of neddylation in SLE is still ***,we reported that neddylation inactivation with MLN4924,a specific inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme E1(NAE1),or genetic abrogation of Ube2m in T cells decreased DN T cell accumulation and attenuated murine lupus *** investigations revealed that inactivation of neddylation blocked Bim ubiquitination degradation and maintained Bim level in DN T cells,contributing to the apoptosis of the accumulated DN T cells in lupus *** double knockout(KO)lupus-prone mice(Ube2m-/-Bim-/-lpr)were generated and results showed that loss of Bim reduced Ube2m deficiency-induced apoptosis in DN T cells and reversed the alleviated lupus *** findings identified that neddylation inactivation promoted Bim-mediated DN T cell apoptosis and attenuated lupus ***,we also found that in SLE patients,the proportion of DN T cells was raised and their apoptosis was ***,compared to healthy groups,SLE patients exhibited decreased Bim levels and elevated Cullin1 neddylation ***,the inhibition of neddylation induced Bim-dependent apoptosis of DN T cells isolated from SLE ***,our findings provide the direct evidence about the function of neddylation during lupus,suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for this disease.

关键词： inactivation double finding