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Recent progress on photoactive nonprecious transition-metal complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 46-95页

作者： Zhong-liang gong Hong-Jie Zhang Yan Cheng Jianxun Liu Yuhan Ai Yaqin Li Zhihui Feng Qiong Zhang Shaolong gong Yong Chen Chang-Jiang Yao Yuan-Yuan Zhu liang-jin Xu Yu-Wu Zhong CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Structural Cemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic MaterialsWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials&CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Photoactive complexes of nonprecious transition metals,mainly including those in the first-row and partially the second-row of the Periodic table of elements,have received increasing attention in view of their low cost and long-term *** are recognized as promising alternatives to noble transition metal complex congeners that have been extensively studied in optoelectronic devices,artificial photosynthesis,photocatalysis,biodiagnostics,and therapeutics,*** review is devoted to a comprehensive summary on the classical and recent advances on photoactive nonprecious transition metal complexes,including photoactive Zr,V,Cr,Mo,and W complexes,Mn complexes and hybrids,Fe,Co,Ni,and Cu complexes,and Zn and Cd complexes and hybrids.A particular focus is given on the molecular design,modulation of photophysical and photochemical properties,and applications of the representative and lately-developed nonprecious metal *** addition,a perspective on the future development in this field is provided at the end of this review.

关键词： photoactive metal complexes earth-abundant metals nonprecious metal complexes luminescence photochemistry

Dynamic Variation of Vegetation NPP and Its Driving Forces in the Yellow River Basin, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2025年第1期35卷 24-37页

作者： WANG Shimei MA Yutao gong Jie jin Tiantian Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Center for Remote Sensing of Ecological Environments in Cold and Arid Regions Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

The productivity of vegetation is influenced by both climate change and human *** the specific contributions of these influencing factors is crucial for ecological conservation and regional *** study utilized a combination of multi-source data to examine the spatiotemporal patterns of Net Primary Productivity(NPP)in the Yellow River Basin(YRB),China from 1982 to ***,a scenario-based approach was employed to compare Potential NPP(PNPP)with Actual NPP(ANPP)to determine the relative roles of climatic and human factors in NPP *** PNPP was estimated using the lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator(LPJ-GUESS)model,while ANPP was evaluated by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA)model using different NDVI data *** model simulations revealed that significant greening occurring in the YRB,with a gradual decrease observed from southeast to *** to the LPJ_GUESS model simulations,areas experiencing an increasing trend in NPP accounted for 86.82% of the *** using GIMMS and MODIS NDVI data with CASA model simulations,areas showing an increasing trend in NPP accounted for 71.42% and 97.02%,***,both climatic conditions and human factors had positive effects on vegetation restoration;approximated 41.15% of restored vegetation areas were influenced by both climate variation and human activities,while around 31.93% were solely affected by climate ***,it was found that human activities served as the principal driving force of vegetation degradation within the YRB,impacting 26.35% of degraded areas solely due to human ***,effective management strategies encompassing both human activities and climate change adaptation are imperative for facilitating vegetation restoration within this *** findings will valuable for enhancing our understanding in NPP changes and its underlying factors,thereby contributing to improved ecological man

关键词： Net Primary Productivity(NPP) vegetation greening Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA) lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator(LPJ_GUESS) Yellow River Basin(YRB),China

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Gas-Solid Flow,Combustion Characteristics,and Gas Emissions in a 75 t/h CFB Boiler Based on the CPFD Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 323-336页

作者： HUANG Xiankun BAI Zhang ZHU Xiaoli WANG Shuoshuo MU Lin gong liang College of New Energy China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

A 3D simulation using Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics(CPFD)methods was used to calculate coal combustion in a 75 t/h industrial-scale circulating fluidized bed(CFB)*** characteristics,gas-solid flow characteristics,and gaseous pollutant emissions of CFB boilers from combustion ignition to stable operation were systematically evaluated in this *** show that the temperature distribution is relatively uniform throughout the *** the combustion process unfolds within the boiler,the gas composition curve strikingly portrays the inverse correlation between CO_(2)and O_(2)*** the combustion reaction progresses,it becomes evident that the concentration of CO_(2)progressively increases,while the concentration of O_(2)concurrently *** inverse relationship underscores the fundamental combustion reaction,where carbon-based fuels react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and release ***,a comprehensive analysis has revealed that,from ignition to stable combustion,both nitric oxide(NO)and sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))emissions exhibit a declining *** reduction in pollutant generation is attributed to the improvement in combustion *** complete combustion leads to lower levels of unburned hydrocarbons,which are prone to NO ***,the sulfur content in the fuel is more efficiently oxidized to sulfur trioxide(SO_(3))or bound in sulfates,reducing SO_(2)*** steady state in the simulation,the SO_(2)mass flow rate varies significantly with the furnace height,gradually increasing from 0.07 kg·s^(-1)at 4 m at the bottom of the furnace to a peak of 0.078 kg·s^(-1)at 8 m in the center,and then decreasing to 0.06 kg·s^(-1)at 20m at the top of the furnace.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed particle flow combustion CPFD modeling

Influencing Factors and Decoupling Effects of Agricultural Carbon Emissions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science 2025年第3期46卷 1535-1547页

作者： Cao, Yu-liang Ni, xun gong, Hong-Yu School of Management Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China

In the context of the era when new quality productivity is promoting the construction of an agricultural power，sorting out the rising path of agricultural carbon in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and clarifying issues，such as agricultural carbon height and carbon decoupling are important to promoting the "double carbon" process in the agricultural field. A statistical model of agricultural carbon emissions was established to measure the agricultural carbon emissions of 11 provinces（municipalities）in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2022. On the basis of clarifying the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and reduction of agricultural carbon emission intensity，the LMDI model was used to analyze agricultural carbon emissions. Second，we constructed models of decoupling in terms of speed and quantity and explored the decoupling relationship between the most influential factors with the strongest driving effect and agricultural carbon emissions. The results showed that during the study period，the total agricultural carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt first increased and then decreased，and the major emission sources were straw burning，grain planting，livestock breeding，and agricultural material input. The level of economic development was the major factor leading to the increase in agricultural carbon emissions. Although the improvement of agricultural production efficiency inhibited the increase in carbon emissions caused by the growth of output value to a certain extent，the total inhibitory effect was lesser than the total promotion effect. From the perspective of double decoupling，the region has not yet reached a stable and strong decoupling state between agricultural carbon emissions and economic income growth of farmers. Based on this，suggestions for pollution reduction and carbon sequestration，clean production，and green transformation are put forward，respectively，for the planting industry，breeding industry，and agricultural pr

关键词： Agricultural economics

Methyl Groups Pendant on Triphenylmethane Toward Modulating Thermal Stability and Dielectric Properties of the Crosslinkable Fluorinated Polyimide Films with High Transparency

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 316-327页

作者： Wen Yang liang Yuan Kai gong Ruo-Han Zhang Lan Lei Hui Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MaterialsUniversity of JinanJinan250022China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China

It is urgent to develop high-performance polyimide(PI)films that simultaneously exhibit high transparency,exceptional thermal stability,mechanical robustness,and low dielectric to fulfil the requirements of flexible display ***,a series of fluorinated polyimide films(FPIs)were fabricated by the condensation of 5,5′-(perfluoropropane-2,2-diyl)bis(isobenzofuran-1,3-dione)(6FDA)and the fluorinated triphenylmethane diamine monomer(EDA,MEDA and DMEDA)with heat-crosslinkable tetrafluorostyrene side groups,which was incorporated by different numbers of methyl groups pendant in the ortho position of amino ***,the FPI films underwent heating to produce crosslinking FPIs(C-FPIs)through the self-crosslinking of double bonds in the *** transparency,solvent resistance,thermal stability,mechanical robustness and dielectric properties of FPI and C-FPI films can be tuned by the number of methyl groups and crosslinking,which were deeply investigated by virtue of molecular dynamics(MD)simulations and density functional theory(DFT).As a result,all the films exhibited exceptional optically colorless and transparent,with transmittance in the visible region of 450-700 nm exceeding 79.9%,and the cut-off wavelengths(λ_(off))were nearly 350 *** thermal decomposition temperatures at 5% weight loss(T_(d5%))for all samples exceeded 504℃.These films exhibited a wide range of tunable tensile strength(46.5-75.1 MPa).Significantly,they showed exceptional dielectric properties with the dielectric constant of 2.3-2.5 at full frequency(10^(7)-20 Hz).This study not only highlights the relationship between the polymer molecular structure and properties,but offer insights for balancing optical transparency,heat resistance and low dielectric constant in PI films.

关键词： Crosslinkable fluorinated polyimide Methyl group Triphenylmethane Transparency Thermal stability Low dielectric constant

Potassium and calcium channels in different nerve cells act as therapeutic targets in neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1258-1276页

作者： Qing Qiu Mengting Yang Danfeng gong Haiying liang Tingting Chen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyanFujian ProvinceChina

The central nervous system, information integration center of the body, is mainly composed of neurons and glial cells. The neuron is one of the most basic and important structural and functional units of the central nervous system, with sensory stimulation and excitation conduction functions. Astrocytes and microglia belong to the glial cell family, which is the main source of cytokines and represents the main defense system of the central nervous system. Nerve cells undergo neurotransmission or gliotransmission, which regulates neuronal activity via the ion channels, receptors, or transporters expressed on nerve cell membranes. Ion channels, composed of large transmembrane proteins, play crucial roles in maintaining nerve cell homeostasis. These channels are also important for control of the membrane potential and in the secretion of neurotransmitters. A variety of cellular functions and life activities, including functional regulation of the central nervous system, the generation and conduction of nerve excitation, the occurrence of receptor potential, heart pulsation, smooth muscle peristalsis, skeletal muscle contraction, and hormone secretion, are closely related to ion channels associated with passive transmembrane transport. Two types of ion channels in the central nervous system, potassium channels and calcium channels, are closely related to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Accordingly, various drugs that can affect these ion channels have been explored deeply to provide new directions for the treatment of these neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the functions of potassium and calcium ion channels in different nerve cells and their involvement in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, epilepsy, autism, and rare disorders. We also describe several clinical drugs that target potassium or calcium channels in nerve cells and could be u

关键词： astrocytes calcium channels central nervous system extracellular ion concentration microglia neurological disorders neurons potassium channels

Ultrahigh Energy and Power Density in Ni-Zn Aqueous Battery via Superoxide-Activated Three-Electron Transfer

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 63-76页

作者： Yixue Duan Bolong Li Kai Yang Zheng gong Xuqiao Peng liang He Derek Ho School of Mechanical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Aqueous Ni-Zn microbatteries are safe,reliable and inexpensive but notoriously suffer from inadequate energy and power ***,we present a novel mechanism of superoxide-activated Ni substrate that realizes the redox reaction featuring three-electron transfers(Ni↔Ni3+).The superoxide activates the direct redox reaction between Ni substrate and KNiO_(2)by lowering the reaction Gibbs free energy,supported by in-situ Raman and density functional theory *** prepared chronopotentiostatic superoxidation-activated Ni(CPS-Ni)electrodes exhibit an ultrahigh capacity of 3.21 mAh cm^(-2)at the current density of 5 mA cm^(-2),nearly 8 times that of traditional one-electron processes *** under the ultrahigh 200 mA cm^(-2)current density,the CPS-Ni electrodes show 86.4%capacity retention with a Columbic efficiency of 99.2%after 10,000 *** CPS-Ni||Zn microbattery achieves an exceptional energy density of 6.88 mWh cm^(-2)and power density of 339.56 mW cm^(-2).Device demonstration shows that the power source can continuously operate for more than 7 days in powering the sensing and computation intensive practical application of photoplethysmographic waveform *** work paves the way to the development of multi-electron transfer mechanisms for advanced aqueous Ni-Zn batteries with high capacity and long lifetime.

关键词： Superoxide Multiple electron transfer Ni aqueous battery AIoT power source Wearable health monitoring

Sky location of massive black hole binaries in the foreground of Galactic white dwarf binaries

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 93-104页

作者： Pan Guo Hong-Bo jin Cong-Feng Qiao Yue-liang Wu The International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

For space-based gravitational wave(GW)detection,the main noise source for massive black hole binaries(MBHBs)is attributed to approximately 107 double white dwarf binaries in the *** a GW source,the amplitude of the detector response,recorded by a space-based gravitational wave detector,exhibits a modulation effect with a year period when observing the source from various orbital *** the adverse conditions mentioned above,where there is a strong foreground noise and annual modulation in the signals,we employed the wavelet transform and the strong-amplitude relevant orbital position search methods,which allows the weak MBHB sources to achieve higher locating *** detail,for two MBHB sources of lower intensity,the precision of luminosity distance,represented by the ratioΔD_(L)/D_(L) at the 95%confidence level,is enhanced by factors of∼*** angular resolutions,denoted byΔΩs,are enhanced by a factor of∼*** improvements increase the number of detectable GW sources,facilitate multi-messenger follow-up observations and provide constraints on the cosmological constant.

关键词： space-based gravitational wave detection gravitational waves massive black hole binaries

Vector meson’s spin alignments in high energy reactions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 1-16页

作者： jin-Hui Chen Zuo-Tang liang Yu-Gang Ma Xin-Li Sheng Qun Wang Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation(MOE)Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China INFN-Firenze Sesto Fiorentino FI 50019Italy Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Mechanics and Physics Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

The global spin alignment of vector mesons has been observed by the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC)at Brookhaven National Laboratory(BNL).It provides a unique opportunity to probe the correlation between the po-larized quark and antiquark in the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma(sQGP)produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions,opening a new window to explore the properties of *** addition,spin alignments of vector mesons have also been observed in other high-energy particle collisions such as e^(+)e^(−)annihilations at high energies where hadron production is dominated by quark fragmentation *** results obtained are quite different from those obtained in heavy ion collisions where quark coalescence/combination mechanism dominates suggesting strong dependence on hadronization *** comprehensive studies in different hadronization processes are *** this article,we present a brief review of theoretical and experimen-tal advances in the study of vector meson’s spin alignments in a variety of high-energy particle collisions,with emphasis on hadronization mechanisms.

关键词： vector meson spin alignment global polarization relativistic heavy ion collisions fragmentation