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Synthesis and Photo-acid Generation of a Novel Bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2009年第6期25卷 870-875页

作者： JIANG Yu-ren LI Jin-liang XU hui College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 P. R. China

A new environmentally friendly photo-acid generator（PAG）, 1-{4＇-[4,6-bis（trichloromethyl）-1,3,5-triazin- 2-yl] [ 1, 1＇-biphenyl]-4-yl}-O-acetyloxime ethanone（TZ4） consisting of both an oxime ester group and a triazine group was designed and synthesized. From the measurements of absorption, fluorescence and the photo-acid generation, it was found that the novel PAG has an excellent radical-generating efficiency. And the other three bis-（trichloromethyl） triazine derivatives 2-[2-（4-methoxyphenyl）ethenyl]-4,6-bis（trichloromethyl）-l,3,5-triazine（TZ1）, 2-[2-（3,4-dimethoxyphenyl）ethenyl]-4,6-bis（trichloromethyl）-1,3,5-triazine（TZ2） and 2-（1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl）-4,6-bis（trichloromethyl）-1,3,5-triazine（TZ3） were synthesized and studied in this work. In the acid measurement, the acid-forming performance of S-triazinyl derivatives was evaluated by the method ascertained in our laboratory. The results indicate that the novel triazine has the better acid-forming performance that subsequently catalyzes the deblocking of a protecting group in copolymers.

关键词： Triazine Photo-acid generator Photo-sensitizer Acid production efficiency

The diurnal flight activity and influential factors of Frankliniella occidentalis in the greenhouse

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Insect Science 2010年第6期17卷 535-541页

作者： Xing-hui liang Zhong-Ren Lei Jin-Zeng Wen Ming-liang Zhu State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China

The daily flight activity of westem flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis （Pergande）（Thysanoptera： Thripidae） was examined using color, yellow-light and chemical attractant traps in a cucumber greenhouse and under controlled laboratory conditions. In the greenhouse, flying thrips were most abundant between hours 08：00-10：00, declined at mid-day, and then slightly increased during hours 14：00-16：00; however they decreased to a very low level at 18：00. The use of light traps showed no thrip flight activity during the night. The total number of thrips that flew onto cards on rainy or cloudy days was higher than that on sunny days. We reconfirmed that traps treated with attractant attracted 4.0-9.4 times more thrip than the untreated traps. Under laboratory controlled conditions, thrip flight activity was highest under light intensity between 4 000 and 6 000 lux, air temperature of 28℃, and RH of 70%. In addition, starved thrips flew more readily than non-starved thrips.

关键词： attractant daily flight activity Frankliniella occidentalis factors traps

Quantum Secure Undeniable Signature for Blockchain-Enabled Cold-Chain Logistics System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3941-3956页

作者： Chaoyang Li Hongxue Shen Xiayang Shi hui liang College of Software Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001China

Data security and user privacy are two main security concerns in the cold-chain logistics system(CCLS).Many security issues exist in traditional CCLS,destroying data security and user *** digital signature can provide data verification and identity authentication based on the mathematical difficulty problem for logistics data sharing in *** paper first established a blockchain-enabled cold-chain logistics system(BCCLS)based on union blockchain technology,which can provide secure data sharing among different logistics nodes and guarantee logistics data security with the untampered blockchain ***,a lattice-based undeniable signature scheme is designed to strengthen the security of logistics data and user privacy against quantum *** scheme is based on the lattice assumption,which can provide anti-quantum security for BCCLS in the future quantum computer *** also establishes the undeniable mechanism that guarantees that the actual signer cannot deny a valid ***,security proof shows that this undeniable signature scheme is correct and safe,and an efficiency comparison shows that it is more efficient than other schemes in similar *** performance evaluations of transaction throughput and latency show that the proposed BCCLS is efficient and *** work can improve the security and efficiency of logistics data management and promote the reform and development of the logistics industry.

关键词： Undeniable signature cold-chain logistics system blockchain privacy-preserving

Statistical QoS Provisioning Architecture for 6G Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Networks

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第1期9卷 34-42页

作者： Jingqing Wang Wenchi Cheng Wei Zhang hui liang School of Telecommunications Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications the University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China.

The emergence of massive ultra-reliable and low latency communications (mURLLC) as a category of age/time/reliability-sensitive service over 6G wireless networks has received considerable research attention, which has presented unprecedented challenges. As one of the key enablers for 6G,satellite-terrestrial integrated networks (STIN) have been developed to offer more expansive connectivity and comprehensive 3D coverage in space-aerial-terrestrial domains for supporting 6G mission-critical mURLLC applications while fulfilling diverse and rigorous quality of service (QoS) requirements. In the context of these mURLLC-driven satellite services, data freshness assumes paramount importance, as outdated data may engender unpredictable or catastrophic *** effectively measure data freshness in satellite-terrestrial integrated communications,age of information(AoI)has recently surfaced as a new dimension of QoS metric to support time-sensitive applications. It is crucial to design new analytical models that ensure stringent and diverse QoS metrics bounded by different key parameters,including AoI,delay,and reliability,over 6G satellite-terrestrial integrated networks. However,due to the complicated and dynamic nature of satellite-terrestrial integrated network environments, the research on efficiently defining new statistical QoS provisioning schemes while taking into account varying degrees of freedom has still been in their infancy. To remedy these deficiencies, in this paper we develop statistical QoS provisioning schemes over 6G satellite-terrestrial integrated networks in the finite blocklength regime. Particularly, we firstly introduce and review key technologies for supporting ***,we formulate a number of novel fundamental statistical-QoS metrics in the finite blocklength ***,we conduct a set of simulations to validate and evaluate our developed statistical QoS provisioning schemes over satellite-terrestrial integrated networks.

关键词： statistical QoS provisioning mURLLC peak AoI satellite-terrestrial integrated networks QoS exponents hybrid automatic repeat request finite blocklength coding

Estimation of vertical diffusion coefficient based on a onedimensional temperature diffusion equation with an inverse method

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第5期33卷 28-36页

作者： liang hui ZHAO Wei DAI Dejun ZHANG Jun Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China The First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling State Oceanic Administration The Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration

Diapycnal mixing is important in oceanic circulation. An inverse method in which a semi-explicit scheme is applied to discretize the one-dimensional temperature diffusion equation is established to estimate the vertical temperature diffusion coefficient based on the observed temperature profiles. The sensitivity of the inverse model in the idealized and actual conditions is tested in detail. It can be found that this inverse model has high feasibility under multiple situations ensuring the stability of the inverse model, and can be considered as an efficient way to estimate the temperature diffusion coefficient in the weak current regions of the ocean. Here, the hydrographic profiles from Argo floats are used to estimate the temporal and spatial distribution of the vertical mixing in the north central Pacific based on this inverse method. It is further found that the vertical mixing in the upper ocean displays a distinct seasonal variation with the amplitude decreasing with depth, and the vertical mixing over rough topography is stronger than that over smooth topography It is suggested that the high-resolution profiles from Argo floats and a more reasonable design of the inverse scheme will serve to understand mixing processes.

关键词： inverse method temperature diffusivity one-dimensional vertical diffusion equation

Resource Allocation for Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks:A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第1期9卷 1-23页

作者： hui liang Zhiqing Yang Guobin Zhang Hanxu Hou School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518061China School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization Dongguan University of TechonologyDongguan 523808China School of Information and Communication Engineering Guangzhou Maritime UniversityGuangzhou 510725China

The space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN) has emerged as a critical paradigm to address the growing demands for global connectivity and enhanced communication services. This paper gives a thorough review of the strategies and methodologies for resource allocation within SAGIN, focusing on the challenges and solutions within its complex structure. With the advent of technologies such as 6G, the dynamics of resource optimization have become increasingly complex, necessitating innovative approaches for efficient management. We examine the application of mathematical optimization, game theory, artificial intelligence (AI), and dynamic optimization techniques in SAGIN,offering insights into their effectiveness in ensuring optimal resource distribution, minimizing delays, and maximizing network throughput and stability. The survey highlights the significant advances in AI-based methods,particularly deep learning and reinforcement learning, in tackling the inherent challenges of SAGIN resource allocation. Through a critical review of existing literature, this paper categorizes various resource allocation strategies, identifies current research gaps, and discusses potential future directions. Our findings highlight the crucial role of integrated and intelligent resource allocation mechanisms in realizing the full potential of SAGIN for next-generation communication networks.

关键词： space-air-ground integrated networks resource allocation 6G optimization theory game theory artificial intelligence

Correlation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第2期18卷 227-231页

作者： ZHU Jing-ping HU Yong-you liang hui-qiang College of Environmental Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China College of Environment and Resources Engineering Southwest University Science and Technology Mianyang 621002 China

The feasibility of the nitrous organic wastewater treated was studied in seven anaerobic sequencing batch reactors（ASBRs）（0^#-6^#） which had been run under stable anaerobic ammonium oxidation （Anammox）. By means of monitoring and data analysis of COD, NH4^#-N, NO2^--N, NO3^--N and pH, and of microbial test, the results revealed that the optimal Anammox performance was achieved from 2^# reactor in which COD/NH4^＋ -N was 1.65, Anammox bacteria and denitrification bacteria could coexist, and Anammox reaction and denitrification reaction could occur simultaneously in the reactors. The ratio of NH4^＋-N consumed ： NO2^- -N consumed ： NO3^- -N produced was 1：1.38：0.19 in 0^# reactor which was not added glucose in the wastewater. When different ratio of COD and NH4^＋-N was fed for the reactors, the ratio of NO2^- -N consumed： NH4^＋-N consumed was in the range of 1.51-2.29 and the ratio of NO;-N produced： NH4^＋ -N consumed in the range of 0 -0.05.

关键词： anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) biological denitrification denitrification

Discussion on dynamic reliability tolerance design technology of electromagnetic relay

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第3期8卷 439-443页

作者： YE Xue-rong liang hui-min ZHAI Guo-fu School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

Reliability tolerance design of electromagnetic relay during its design period plays an essential role in guaranteeing the consistencies of reliability and output characteristic. The reliability tolerance design can ensure that the products would work well under the influence of disturbing factors (including internal interference, external interference, and machining dispersion). Com- pared with static characteristic, dynamic characteristic of electromagnetic relay can describe its operating process better. This article researches influence of the three kinds of disturbing factors on the dynamic characteristic of electromagnetic relay based on calculating dynamic characteristic. Then, the dynamic reliability tolerance design method of electromagnetic relay is discussed considering three kinds of disturbing factors. Conclusions reached can help to assure the reliability of electromagnetic relay from the beginning of design.

关键词： Electromagnetic relay Tolerance design Reliability Dynamic characteristic

Effects of simulated acid rain on fertility of litchi

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第6期17卷 1034-1037页

作者： QIU Dong-liang LIU Xing-hui GUO Su-zhi College of Horticulture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China

The regulatory role of calcium in fertility of pollen and pistil under simulated acid rain was investigated. The germination percentage of pollen treated with acid rain of pH 4.5 was 9.42% lower than that of control, and that of pH 3.5, pH 2.5 and pH 1.5 were 22.47%, 45.49% and 71.62%, respectively. Simultaneously, the injury character of pollen was obviously observed when flowers were treated with acid rain of pH 3.5. The difference in fruit setting rate between the female flower treated with acid rain of pH 4.0 and the control was significant at p 〈 0.05. Ca（NO3 ）5 of 0.2-0.4 mmol/L could promote pollen germination under the stress of acid rain. The beneficial function was reduced when calcium concentration surpassed 0.8 mmol/L. Spraying 2 mmol/L Ca（NO3 ）5 reduced the injury of acid rain to pistil and increased fruit-setting rate significantly. The physiological importance of calcium during pollen germination and pistil development was also discussed.

关键词： simulated acid rain litchi( Litchi chinensis Sonn. ) pollen pistil fruit-setting ultrastructure