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模拟氮沉降对温带森林土壤线虫群落组成和代谢足迹的影响

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生态学报 2018年第2期38卷 475-484页

作者：程云云孙涛王清奎梁文举张晓珂中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室沈阳110016 中国科学院大学北京100049

已有研究表明氮沉降可显著影响土壤线虫群落组成和多样性。然而,目前大多数研究集中在无机氮沉降的影响,而对于不同氮素形态对土壤线虫群落影响的研究还不是很清楚。利用运行5年的模拟氮沉降试验平台,开展了4个氮添加处理即对照(无氮添... 详细信息

已有研究表明氮沉降可显著影响土壤线虫群落组成和多样性。然而,目前大多数研究集中在无机氮沉降的影响,而对于不同氮素形态对土壤线虫群落影响的研究还不是很清楚。利用运行5年的模拟氮沉降试验平台,开展了4个氮添加处理即对照(无氮添加,CK)、无机氮(硝酸铵,IN),有机氮(尿素和甘氨酸1∶1混合,ON)和混合氮(无机氮和有机氮7∶3混合,MN)添加对温带森林土壤线虫群落组成和多样性的影响研究,采用浅盘法分离线虫,土壤性质如p H、含水量、全碳全氮分别采用电位法、烘干法和元素分析仪法进行测定,应用营养类群组成、区系分析和代谢足迹分析不同形态氮沉降下土壤线虫群落结构特征。共分离线虫50个属,其中在CK样地中共发现29个属,在IN,ON和MN处理中分别发现线虫属37个,34个和29个,盘旋属Rotylenchus和大节片属Macroposthonia在所有处理中均为优势属。结果表明,与CK相比,IN处理、ON处理和MN处理均显著增加了土壤硝态氮含量。与无机氮相比,混合氮处理显著降低了食真菌线虫数量,有机氮处理显著增加了捕食杂食性线虫数量。与对照相比,无机氮处理显著增加了线虫多样性指数(H'),IN处理的均匀度指数(J)显著高于CK和MN处理,混合氮处理对应的优势度指数(λ)显著高于其他3个处理。在CK和ON处理,线虫的结构指数(SI)较高,富集指数(EI)较低,表明这两个处理的土壤受干扰程度较小,食物网处于结构化状态。在IN和MN处理,土壤线虫富集指数和结构指数均较高(>50),表明食物网稳定成熟。食真菌线虫代谢足迹和生物量碳在无机氮处理最高。有机氮和混合氮处理显著增加了捕食杂食性线虫代谢足迹和生物量碳。以上结果表明,不同氮素形态不仅对土壤线虫群落组成产生了影响,而且其代谢足迹也发生了显著的变化,这一结果有助于揭示温带森林对氮沉降的响应机制。

关键词：氮沉降温带森林土壤线虫群落代谢足迹

A Fully-Integrated Memristor Chip for Edge Learning

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 123-127页

作者： Yanhong Zhang liang Chu wenjun Li School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China

It is still challenging to fully integrate computing in memory chip as edge learning *** recent work published on Science,a fully-integrated chip based on neuromorphic memristors was developed for edge learning as artificial neural networks with functionality of synapses,dendrites,and somas.A crossbar-array memristor chip facilitated edge learning including hardware realization,learning algorithm,and cycle-parallel sign-and threshold-based learning(STELLAR)*** motion control and demonstration platforms were executed to improve the edge learning ability for adapting to new scenarios.

关键词： Computing in memory Edge learning Fully-integrated chip

Divalent anion intercalation and etching-hydrolysis strategies to construct ultra-stable electrodes for seawater splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 687-695页

作者： Jiajia Lu Yang Liu Han-Pu liang Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications Institute of Nano-Structured Functional MaterialsHuanghe Science and Technology CollegeZhengzhou450006China School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang453007China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao266101China

Developing stable electrodes for seawater splitting remains a great challenge due to the detachment of catalysts at a large operating current and severe anode corrosion caused by ***,divalent anion intercalation and etching-hydrolysis strategies are deployed to synthesize the ultra-stable anode,dendritic Fe(OH)_(3) grown on Ni(SO_4)_(0.3)(OH)_(1.4)–Ni(OH)_(2).Experimental results reveal that the anode exhibits good activity and excellent stability in alkaline simulated *** 500 h,the current density operated at 1.72 V remains 99.5%,about 210 m A cm^(-2).The outstanding stability originates from the etchinghydrolysis strategy,which strengthens the interaction between the catalyst and the carrier and retards thus the detachment of catalysts at a large current ***,theoretical simulations confirm that the intercalated divalent anions,such as SO_4^(2-) and CO_(3)^(2-),can weaken the adsorption strength of chlorine on the surface of catalysts and hinder the coupling and hybridization between chlorine and nickel,which slows down the anode corrosion and improves catalytic ***,the twoelectrode system shows the remarkable 95.1% energy efficiency at 2,000 A m-2and outstanding stability in 6 mol L^(-1) KOH +seawater at 80 ℃.

关键词： seawater splitting stability divalent anion intercalation etching-hydrolysis

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基于负荷分段技术的多目标月度发电计划及其遗传算法

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电力自动化设备 2013年第10期33卷 47-52页

作者：颜伟李翔梁文举赵霞余娟戚飞李一铭重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室重庆400030 重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院重庆401123 江苏省电力公司徐州供电公司江苏徐州221005

兼顾节能减排与经济调度的要求,建立了月度发电计划的多目标优化模型。模型中除考虑基于直流潮流方程的电网安全、机组动态调节特性、月度合同电量等约束条件外,重点考虑了能耗、排污量以及机组的启停费用目标。针对小时级发电计划的模... 详细信息

兼顾节能减排与经济调度的要求,建立了月度发电计划的多目标优化模型。模型中除考虑基于直流潮流方程的电网安全、机组动态调节特性、月度合同电量等约束条件外,重点考虑了能耗、排污量以及机组的启停费用目标。针对小时级发电计划的模型规模问题,提出了基于融合思想的月负荷曲线分段处理方法,大幅减小了模型规模。提出了基于目标相对占优策略的多目标改进遗传算法求解所提的月度发电计划多目标优化问题。IEEE 57节点系统的仿真分析验证了所提模型和算法的有效性。

关键词：负荷分段月度发电计划多目标优化目标相对占优遗传算法

Oscillatory Dynamics of Heterogeneous Stem Cell Regeneration

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 431-453页

作者： Xiyin liang Jinzhi Lei School of Mathematical Sciences Center for Applied MathematicsTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

Stem cell regeneration is an essential biological process in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis;dysregulation of stem cell regeneration may result in dynamic diseases that show oscillations in cell *** heterogeneity and plasticity are necessary for the dynamic equilibrium of tissue homeostasis;however,how these features may affect the oscillatory dynamics of the stem cell regeneration process remains poorly ***,based on a mathematical model of heterogeneous stem cell regeneration that includes cell heterogeneity and random transition of epigenetic states,we study the conditions to have oscillation solutions through bifurcation analysis and numerical *** results show various model system dynamics with changes in different parameters associated with kinetic rates,cellular heterogeneity,and *** show that introducing heterogeneity and plasticity to cells can result in oscillation dynamics,as we have seen in the homogeneous stem cell regeneration ***,increasing the cell heterogeneity and plasticity intends to maintain tissue homeostasis under certain *** current study is an initiatory investigation of how cell heterogeneity and plasticity may affect stem cell regeneration dynamics,and many questions remain to be further studied both biologically and mathematically.

关键词： Stem cell regeneration Heterogenous Hopf bifurcation Hematopoietic dynamical disease

Manipulation of magnetocaloric and elastocaloric effects in Ni-Mn-In alloys by lattice volume and magnetic variation:Effect of Co and Fe co-doping

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 156-165页

作者： Xinzeng liang Chi Zhang Jing Bai Jianglong Gu Yudong Zhang Claude Esling Xiang Zhao liang Zuo School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Laboratoire d’Étude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux LEM3 CNRSUMR 7239University of Lorraine57045 MetzFrance

The effects of Co and Fe co-doping Ni-Mn-In alloy on the phase stability,lattice parameters,mag-netic properties,and electronic structures are systematically investigated by using the first-principles *** indicate that Fe atoms replace the excess Mn2 atoms by direct and indirect coex-istence(Fe→Mn 2 and Fe→In→Mn2);Co substitutes the Ni atoms by direct substitution(Co→Ni)for the Ni-Mn-In *** austenites all exhibit the ferromagnetic(FM)state for the studied *** NM martensites are in the ferrimagnetic(FIM-1)state for the Ni_(2)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5),Ni_(2)Mn_(1.25)In_(0.5)Fe 0.25,Ni_(1.75)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5)Co_(0.25),and Ni_(1.75)Mn_(1.25)In_(0.5)Co_(0.25)Fe 0.25 alloys,while the other compositions are in the FM *** phase stability of austenite and martensite decreases with increasing Co and Fe co-doping.A magnetic-structural coupling transition occurs at x<0.25 and y<*** Ni_(1.91)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5)Co_(0.08)and Ni_(1.91)Mn_(1.42)In_(0.5)Co_(0.08)Fe_(0.08)alloys exhibit an A→6M→NM transformation,accompanied by a magnetic *** Co and Fe are co-doped,the hybridization strength between Co and Fe is greater than that between Co/Fe and *** enhancement of magnetocaloric and elastocaloric effects is favored by larger magnetization difference(△M)and lattice volume change(△V/V_(0)).Based on the calculated phase stability,magneto-structure coupling,△V/V 0 and c/a ratio,one can predict that the Ni_(2)-x Mn_(1.5)-y In_(0.5)Co x Fe y alloy with Co content 0≤x≤0.25 and Fe content 0≤y≤0.05 is predicted to have good magneto-controlled functional behavior.

关键词： Ni-Mn-In-Co-Fe Phase stability Magnetocaloric effect Elastocaloric effect

Advances in Understanding Cadmium Stress and Breeding of Cadmium-Tolerant Crops

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 507-525页

作者： liang liang WANG Chenchang CHEN Tao School of Life and Environmental Science Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China

Cadmium(Cd) pollution has emerged as a critical global environmental concern, due to its significant toxicity, environmental persistence, and the pervasiveness of contamination. Significantly, the bioaccumulation of Cd in agricultural crops constitutes a primary vector for its entry into the human diet. This issue warrants urgent attention from both the scientific community and policymakers to develop and implement effective mitigation strategies. This review delves into the physiological impacts of Cd stress on plants, including the suppression of photosynthetic activity, amplification of oxidative stress, and disruptions in mineral nutrient homeostasis. Additionally, the resistance mechanisms deployed by plants in response to Cd stress have been explored, and the prospective contributions of molecular breeding strategies in augmenting crop tolerance to Cd and minimizing its bioaccumulation have been assessed. By integrating and analyzing these findings, we seek to inform future research trajectories and proffer strategic approaches to enhance agricultural sustainability, safeguard human health, and protect environmental integrity.

关键词： cadmium stress crop tolerance physiological response molecular breeding strategy

Cyclohexanol optimizes Pt/ionomer interface in fuel cell cathodes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 417-419页

作者： Lei Tong Hai-Wei liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

This highlight is based on a recent article published in Nature Catalysis, in which Wei's group [1] from Chongqing University proposes a novel approach to enhance the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)by adjusting the interface between Pt and ionomer in the cathode catalyst layer. Their strategy involves adding cyclohexanol to the cathode catalyst ink to impede the adsorption of sulfonate groups from the ionomer onto Pt nanoparticles, which results in the release of Pt activity sites and a significant improvement in the mass transport efficiency.

关键词： interface catalyst adding

CMOS-level mega-pixel organic camera chips made of photocrosslinked photovoltaic nanocells

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Science China Materials 2024年第9期67卷 3043-3045页

作者： Yegang liang Zhuoran Wang Guozhen Shen School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Organic and hybrid optoelectronics have been driving the frontiers in displays,sensing,and energy in recent decades due to their superior performance,low-cost high-yield manufacturing,and new form factor of mechanical flexibility that is promising for lightweight and wearable applications[1-3].However,the inherent vulnerability makes organic semiconductors incompatible with conventional semiconductor microfabrication,posing significant challenges in high density integration to compete with the resolution of conventional image sensors[4].

关键词： frontier driving lightweight

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