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Ophiolite-Hosted Diamond: A New Window for Probing Carbon Cycling in the Deep Mantle

Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 406-420页

作者： dongyang lian Jingsui Yang School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China CARMA Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics of MLR Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

As reported in our prior work, we have recovered microdiamonds and other unusual minerals, including pseudomorph stishovite, moissanite, qingsongite, native elements, metallic alloys, and some crustal minerals (i.e., zircon, quartz, amphibole, and rutile) from ophiolitic peridotites and chromitites. These ophiolite-hosted microdiamonds display different features than kimberlitic, metamorphic, and meteoritic diamonds in terms of isotopic values and mineral inclusions. The characteristic of their light carbon isotopic composition implies that the material source of ophiolite-hosted diamonds is surface-derived organic matter. Coesite inclusions coexisting with kyanite rimming an FeTi alloy from the Luobusa ophiolite show a polycrystalline nature and a prismatic habit, indicating their origin as a replacement of stishovite. The occurrence in kyanite and coesite with inclusions of qingsongite, a cubic boron nitride mineral, and a high-pressure polymorph of rutile (TiO2 II) point to formation pressures of 10–15 GPa at temperatures^1300℃, consistent with depths greater than 380 km, near the mantle transition zone (MTZ). Minerals such as moissanite, native elements, and metallic alloys in chromite grains indicate a highly reduced environment for ophiolitic peridotites and chromitites. Widespread occurrence of diamonds in ophiolitic peridotites and chromitites suggests that the oceanic mantle may be a more significant carbon reservoir than previously thought. These ophiolite-hosted diamonds have proved that surface carbon can be subducted into the deep mantle, and have provided us with a new window for probing deep carbon cycling.

关键词： Ophiolite-hosted diamond Coesite Stishovite Podiform chromitites Mantle transition zone

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合成金刚石的晶体形态对天然金刚石的启示

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地质学报 2024年第6期98卷 1743-1756页

作者：鲁智云杨经绥连东洋吴魏伟杨彧曹楚奇蔡鹏捷浙江大学地球科学学院浙江杭州310058 南京大学地球科学与工程学院内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室江苏南京210023 中国地质科学院地质研究所北京100037

作为深部地球研究的“信使”,不同类型天然金刚石的形成温度、压力及环境介质条件一直是地球科学中的重要内容。天然金刚石原石呈现出多种多样的晶型和表面形貌特征是其结晶过程、介质环境和运移过程的最直接记录。伴随着金刚石高温高... 详细信息

作为深部地球研究的“信使”,不同类型天然金刚石的形成温度、压力及环境介质条件一直是地球科学中的重要内容。天然金刚石原石呈现出多种多样的晶型和表面形貌特征是其结晶过程、介质环境和运移过程的最直接记录。伴随着金刚石高温高压合成技术的发展以及合成金刚石的规模化工业生产应用,前人对合成金刚石的晶型及表面形貌特征进行了大量的描述并详细探讨了温度、压力及组分差异对晶体形态的影响。本文对不同条件下的合成金刚石与不同类型天然金刚石的晶型特征、表面形貌特征进行了详细的对比分析,旨在将高温高压实验中明确的生长条件及晶体生长规律应用于天然金刚石形成条件的研究中,并进一步为金刚石晶体形态反映出的地质环境特征、地幔流体/熔体组成和动力学条件的研究提供约束。

关键词：金刚石高温高压实验晶型表面形貌温度压力

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Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the High-Cr Podiform Chromitite from the Cuobuzha Ophiolite, Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Western Tibet, China: Implication for its Origin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第1期94卷 75-89页

作者： ZHAO Hui YANG Jingsui LIU Fei XIONG Fahui lian dongyang YAO Hu Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001China Department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 201123China Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550081China

The Cuobuzha high-Cr chromitites in the western segment of Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone of Tibet are mainly hosted in the harzburgites as massive type, which are characterized by high concentrations of platinum group elements(PGE) ranging from 380 to 577 ppb, and low Pd/Ir ratios(<0.1). In mid-ocean ridge basalts(MORB)-normalized spidergrams, chromites of the Cuobuzha chromitites are depleted in Al, Ga, V, Mg and Zn, and enriched in Mn and Cr, sharing similar patterns with those of ophiolitic boninites in the Bonin and Thetford Mines. Approximately 20 platinum group mineral(PGM) grains were discovered from the samples, including laurite, erlichmanite, Os-Fe alloy, cuproiridsite, and irarsite. The PGM assemblages indicate that sulfur fugacity was initially low enough to allow the precipitation of Os-Fe alloy and increased thereafter, with the fall in temperature. Primary Fe-Ni and Fe-Cr alloys, which are stable in a highly reduced environment, occur as inclusions within chromites or clinopyroxenes. Calculated results show that the parental magma has an intimate affinity with boninites. Based on our observations, a model is proposed wherein the Cuobuzha chromitites contain high-pressure and low-pressure chromites. Low-pressure chromites were formed via reaction between boninitic melts and peridotites, during which the high-pressure chromites hosting highly reduced minerals were mobilized by melts and were reallocated to podiform chromitites.

关键词： Cuobuzha chromitites highly reduced minerals Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone Tibet

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Discovery and Significance of Diamonds and Moissanites in Chromitite within the Skenderbeu Massif of the Mirdita Zone Ophiolite,West Albania

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第3期91卷 882-897页

作者： WU Weiwei YANG Jingsui MA Changqian MILUSHI Ibrahim lian dongyang TIAN Yazhou CARMA State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and DynamicsInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) Department of Geoscience & Geoenvironment EnergyWater & EnvironmentPolytechnic University of Tirana College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University

In recent years diamonds and other unusual minerals （carbides, nitrides, metal alloys and native elements） have been recovered from mantle peridotites and chromitites （both high-Cr chromitites and high-Al chromitites） from a number of ophiolites of different ages and tectonic settings. Here we report a similar assemblage of minerals from the Skenderbeu massif of the Mirdita zone ophiolite, west Albania. So far, more than 20 grains of microdiamonds and 30 grains of moissanites （SIC） have been separated from the podiform chromitite. The diamonds are mostly light yellow, transparent, euhedral crystals, 200-300μm across, with a range of morphologies; some are octahedral and cuboctahedron and others are elongate and irregular. Secondary electron images show that some grains have well-developed striations. All the diamond grains have been analyzed and yielded typical Raman spectra with a shift at -1325 cm^-1. The moissanite grains recovered from the Skenderben chromitites are mainly light blue to dark blue, but some are yellow to light yellow. All the analyzed grains have typical Raman spectra with shifts at 766 cm^-1, 787 cm^-1, and 967 cm^-1. The energy spectrums of the moissanites confirm that the grains are composed entirely of silicon and carbon. This investigation expands the occurrence of diamonds and moissanites to Mesozoic ophiolites in the Neo-Tethys. Our new findings suggest that diamonds and moissanites are present, and probably ubiquitous in the oceanic mantle and can provide new perspectives and avenues for research on the origin of ophiolites and podiform chromitites.

关键词： diamond moissanite high-Cr chromitite Mirdita zone ophiolite Albania

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Geochronology and Geochemistry of Gabbros from Moa-Baracoa Ophiolitic Massif, Eastern Cuba: Implication for Early Cretaceous SSZ Magmatism

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第S1期94卷 47-48页

作者： RUI Huichao YANG Jingsui WU Weiwei lian dongyang QIU Tian School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Center for Advanced Research on the Mantle(CARMA) Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing100037China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

A series ophiolitic massifs in the northeastern part of Cuba are generally considered to be relics of proto-Caribbean or Caribbean lithosphere, emplaced during Paleogene collision of the NW Caribbean and North American plates(Iturralde-Vinent et al., 2016). However, neither their age nor their geodynamic settings are well constrained. They are generally considered to be Creataceous in age but they have been interpreted as having formed in a back-arc basin, forearc basin or plume setting(e.g. Giunta et al., 2009;Marchesi et al., 2016;Kerr et al., 1999). The Moa-Baracoa ophiolitic massif consists of mantle harzburgite, a Moho transition zone, layered and isotropic gabbro, and pillow basalts. The isotropic gabbros, collected west of Moa(20°35′17.99″N, 75°02′56.58″W), are composed mainly of subhedral plagioclase and subhedral to euhedral clinopyroxene with minor primary brown amphibole. The plagioclase grains are fresh, whereas the clinopyroxene very weakly altered and partly replaced by secondary amphibole. Cathodoluminescence(CL) images of zircon grains separated from isotropic gabbro display oscillatory zoning and broad zoning, analogous to typical igneous zircon in gabbro. Ten zircon grains with oscillatory zoning in CL images yielded a mean U-Pb SHRIMP age of 136.7±1.8 Ma. Isotropic gabbro samples have low SiO2(47.22 wt%–49.25 wt%), TiO2(0.13 wt%–0.26 wt%) and K2O(0.04 wt%–0.08 wt%) and high MgO(8.22 wt%–16.72 wt%), Cr(1337–2065 μg/g) and Ni(192–507 μg/g) contents. Their CaO, Al2O3 and Na2O contents vary from 13.56 wt% to 15.78 wt%, 14.98 wt % to 21.98 wt %, and 0.71 wt % to 1.87 wt %, respectively. In the SiO2 versus Zr/TiO2*0.0001 diagram, the samples plot in the sub-alkaline basalt field but show calcalkaline affinities in the FeOT/MgO vs. SiO2 diagram. The gabbros contain low REE contents(∑REE = 4.71–7.71), and their chondrite normalized REE patterns show very weak depletion in light REE(LREE,(La/Yb)N = 0.34–0.50) and flat heavy REE(HREE,(Gd/Yb)N = 1.02–1.15) p

关键词： U-Pb dating isotropic gabbro SSZ magmatism Moa-Baracoa ophiolite Cuba

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Geological Evidence does not Support a Shallow Origin for Diamonds in Ophiolite

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第S1期94卷 70-72页

作者： YANG Jingsui lian dongyang Paul T ROBINSON QIU Tian XIONG Fahui WU Weiwei School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Advanced Research on Mantle(CARMA) Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China College of Marine Science and Technology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Farré-de-Pablo et al.(2018)report a new occurrence of in situ microdiamonds enclosed in chromite from ophiolitic chromitite pods hosted in the Tehuitzingo serpentinite of southern *** discovery enlarges the number of occurrence of the ophiolite-hosted microdiamonds to 7 countries in the world,including India(Das,2015,2017),Albania(Xiong et al.,2017;Wu et al.,2017),Turkey(lian et al.,2017),Myanmar(Chen et al.,2018),Russia(Yang et al.,2015),and China(Bai et al.,1993;Xu et al.,2009).The microdiamonds occur in ophiolitic podiform chromitites and peridotites,and are generally interpreted as UHP phases formed at pressures>4 GPa(Yang et al.,2014;Griffin et al.,2016;Das et al.,2017).However,Farré-de-Pablo et al.(2018)conclude that the Tehuitzingo diamonds were formed under low-temperature and low-pressure conditions during serpentinization,which challenges the current knowledge of diamond ***,we discuss several lines of evidence that do not support the authors’conclusion.

关键词： diamonds in ophiolite serpentinization chemical vapor deposition UHP crystallization

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Petrological, Geochemical and the Origin of the Cuobuzha Peridotite in the Western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A2期89卷 10-11页

作者： FENG Guangying YANG Jingsui XIONG Fahui LIU Fei NIU Xiaolu lian dongyang WANG Yunpeng ZHAO Yijue CARMA State Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonics and Dynamics Institute of Geology Chinese Academy ofGeological Sciences Beijing 10003 7 China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Ophiolites are fragments of ancient oceanic lithosphere emplaced onto continental margins, accretionary prisms, or island arcs during plate collisions （Dilek and Fumes, 2011）. The well-preserved ophiolitic sequence ... 详细信息

关键词： PETROLOGY RESEARCH PERIDOTITE OPHIOLITES IGNEOUS rocks ORTHOPYROXENE

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Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry of Peridotites from the Northern Ophiolititc Sub-belt, Western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A2期89卷 44-46页

作者： lian dongyang YANG Jingsui LIU Fei DING Yi WU Weiwei ZHAO Hui ZHANG Li HUANG Jian Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China CARMA State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics Institute of Geology Chinese Academy ofGeological Sciences Beijing 100037 China School of Earth Science and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Ophiolites, mostly found in orogenic belts, represent fragments of palaeo-oceanic lithosphere emplaced on the continent through tectonic processes （Bizimis et al., 2000; Dilek and Fumes, 2011, 2014; Pearce, 2014）. T... 详细信息

关键词： Peridotite Ophiolites Mineralogy Petrology Geochemistry

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Geogenesis and Characteristics of the Western Part of the Yarlung Zangbo Ophiolites, Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A2期89卷 52-55页

作者： LIU Fei YANG Jingsui lian dongyang ZHAO Hui ZHANG Lan NIU Xiaolu FENGGuangying ZHANG Li HUANG Jian CARMA State Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonic and Dynamics Institute of Geology Chinese Academy ofGeological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Department of Geology and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The ophiolites that crop out discontinuously for more than 2000 km along the Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone （YZSZ, also called the Indus-Tsangpo suture） in southern Tibet are the remnants of the Neotethyan oceanic litho... 详细信息

关键词： Geology Ophiolites Lithosphere Zircon Mid-ocean ridges Rare earths

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Origin of the Diamonds within Chromitite from the Mirdita Ophiolite(Albania) and its Geological Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第S1期94卷 64-65页

作者： WU Weiwei YANG Jingsui ZHENG Jianping lian dongyang QIU Tian RUI Huichao College of Marine Science and Technology China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)No.388 Lumo RoadWuhan 430074China CARMA Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics of MLRInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesNo.26 Baiwanzhuang RoadBeijing 100037China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Geophysical investigations and laboratory experiments show evidence for possible subduction of ancient oceanic *** and mineralogical observations suggest that subducted oceanic crust is recycled into the upper *** subduction is supported by the recovery of superdeep diamonds from kimberlites and the presence of crustal materials in ophiolitic chromitites and their host *** is the mechanism?Here we report the new discovery of ophiolite-hosted diamonds in the podiform chromitites within the Skenderbeu massif from the Mirdita ophiolite in the western part of Neo-Tethys(Fig.1).The diamonds are characterized by exceedingly light C isotopes(δ13CPDB^-25‰),which can be interpreted as evidence for subduction of organic carbon from Earth’s *** diamonds are also characterized by an exceptionally large range inδ15Nair(-12.9‰to+25.5‰),accompanied by a low N aggregation state(Fig.2).On the other hand,materials sparsely included in diamonds include amorphous material,Ni-Mn-Co alloy,nanocrystals(20 nm×20 nm)of calcium silicate with an orthorhombic perovskite structure(Ca-Pv),and fluids(Fig.3).We consider that the Skenderbeu diamonds nucleated and grew from a C-saturated,NiMnCo-rich melt derived from a subducted slab of ocean crust and lithosphere in the deep mantle *** environment is in the diamond stability field or near the top of the mantle transition *** new discovery of diamonds from the Mirdita ophiolite provides a valuable opportunity to understand deep cycling of subducted oceanic crust and mantle(i.e.,composition and process).

关键词： Mirdita ophiolite diamond NiMnCo alloy calcium silicate perovskite carbon and nitrogen isotopes subduction West Albania

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