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Designing salt stress-resilient crops:Current progress and future challenges

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 303-329页

作者： Xiaoyan liang Jianfang li yongqing Yang Caifu Jiang Yan Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100194China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Excess soil salinity affects large regions of land and is a major hindrance to crop production worldwide.Therefore,understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance has scientific importance and practical significance.In recent decades,studies have characterized hundreds of genes associated with plant responses to salt stress in different plant species.These studies have substantially advanced our molecular and genetic understanding of salt tolerance in plants and have introduced an era of molecular design breeding of salt-tolerant crops.This review summarizes our current knowledge of plant salt tolerance,emphasizing advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of osmotic stress tolerance,salt-ion transport and compartmentalization,oxidative stress tolerance,alkaline stress tolerance,and the trade-off between growth and salt tolerance.We also examine recent advances in understanding natural variation in the salt tolerance of crops and discuss possible strategies and challenges for designing salt stress-resilient crops.We focus on the model plant Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)and the four most-studied crops:rice(Oryza sativa),wheat(Triticum aestivum),maize(Zea mays),and soybean(Glycine max).

关键词： molecular design breeding salt stress-resilient crop salt tolerance

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Protective mechanism of Coprinus comatus polysaccharide on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice,the metabolomics and gut microbiota investigation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 401-413页

作者： Jinyan Yu Jianguang Sun Min Sun Weidong li Dongmei Qi yongqing Zhang Chunchao Han School of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Hepatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355China Experimental center Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China

Coprinus comatus polysaccharide(CCP)has significant hepatoprotective effect.To explore hepatoprotective mechanism of CCP,the study analyzed preventive effect of CCP on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice by histopathological examination and biochemical analysis.Simultaneously,hepatoprotective mechanism was also analyzed in conjunction with metabolomics and proliferation of gut microbiota.The results showed that CCP significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and triglyceride(TG)levels in serum of alcoholic liver disease(ALD)mice.Histopathological examination showed that CCP can significantly improve liver damage.Metabolomics results showed that there were significant differences in the level of metabolites in liver tissue of control group,ALD group and CCP group,including taurine,xanthosine,fumaric acid and arachidonic acid,among others.Metabolites pathways analysis showed that hepatoprotective effect of CCP was related to energy metabolism,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,amino acids metabolism and lipid metabolism.Additionally,CCP inhibited an increase in the number of Clostridium perfringens,Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus,and a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut of ALD mice.All these findings suggested that CCP treatment reversed the phenotype of ethanol-induced liver injury and the associated metabolites pathways.

关键词： Coprinus comatus Polysaccharide Alcoholic liver disease Metabolomics Gut microbiota

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Electrohydrodynamic printing for high resolution patterning of flexible electronics toward industrial applications

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 28-56页

作者： Zhouping Yin Dazhi Wang Yunlong Guo Zhiyuan Zhao liqiang li Wei Chen yongqing Duan State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanthe People's Republic of China Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhanthe People's Republic of China Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of liaoning Province Dalian University of TechnologyDalianthe People's Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingthe People's Republic of China Institute of Molecular Aggregation Sciences Tianjin UniversityTianjinthe People's Republic of China

Electrohydrodynamic(EHD)printing technique,which deposits micro/nanostructures through high electric force,has recently attracted significant research interest owing to their fascinating characteristics in high resolution(licability(ink viscosity 1–10000 cps),tunable printing modes(electrospray,electrospinning,and EHD jet printing),and compatibility with flexible/wearable applications.Since the laboratory level of the EHD printed electronics'resolution and efficiency is gradually approaching the commercial application level,an urgent need for developing EHD technique from laboratory into industrialization have been put forward.Herein,we first discuss the EHD printing technique,including the ink design,droplet formation,and key technologies for promoting printing efficiency/accuracy.Then we summarize the recent progress of EHD printing in fabrication of displays,organic field-effect transistors(OFETs),transparent electrodes,and sensors and actuators.Finally,a brief summary and the outlook for future research effort are presented.

关键词： display electrohydrodynamic printing flexible electronics organic field-effect transistor printhead

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Prediction of Th17/Treg cell balance on length of stay in intensive care units of patients with sepsis

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 240-246页

作者： Yu Wu Guosheng Wu Minyu li yongqing Chang Miao Yu Yan Meng Xiaojian Wan Department of Intensive Care Medicine Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Anesthesiology Bethune International Peace HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiChina Department of Burns Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Special Needs Clinic Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

Background Prolonged length of stay(LOS)of sepsis can drain a hospital's material and human resources.This study investigated the correlations between T helper type 17(Th17)and regulatory T(Treg)balance with LOS in sepsis.Methods A prospective clinical observational study was designed in Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University in Shanghai,China,from January to October 2020.The patients diagnosed with sepsis and who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited and whether the levels of cytokines,procalcitonin,subtypes,and biomarkers of T cells in the peripheral blood were detected.We analyzed the correlation between these and LOS.Results Sixty septic patients were classified into two groups according to whether their intensive care unit(ICU)stay exceeded 14 days.The patients with LOS≥14 days were older([72.6±7.5]years vs.[63.3±10.4]years,P=0.015)and had higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)(median[interquartile range]:6.5[5.0–11.0]vs.4.0[3.0–6.0],P=0.001)and higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)II scores(16.0[13.0–21.0]vs.8.5[7.0–14.0],P=0.001).There was no difference in other demographic characteristics and cytokines,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-10 between the two groups.The Th17/Treg ratio of sepsis with LOS<14 days was considerably lower(0.48[0.38–0.56]vs.0.69[0.51–0.98],P=0.001).For patients with LOS≥14 days,the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the Th17/Treg ratio was 0.766.It improved to 0.840 and 0.850 when combined with the SOFA and APACHE II scores,respectively.Conclusions The Th17/Treg ratio was proportional to septic severity and can be used as a potential predictor of ICU stay in sepsis,presenting a new option for ICU practitioners to better care for patients with sepsis.

关键词： Sepsis Th17/Treg Length of stay Intensive care units

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Efficient reduction of Cr(Ⅵ)by guava(Psidium guajava)leaf extract and its mitigation effect on Cr toxicity in rice seedlings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 1-15页

作者： Maodi Ran yongqing Lu Yanzhen Ren li He Jiaokun li School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ))is a toxic element that has negative impacts on crop growth and yield.Using plant extracts to convert toxic Cr(Ⅵ)into less toxic Cr(Ⅲ)may be a more favorable option compared to chemical reducing agents.In this study,the potential effects and mechanisms of using an aqueous extract of Psidium guajava L.leaves(AEP)in reducing Cr(Ⅵ)toxicity in rice were comprehensively studied.Firstly,the reducing power of AEP for Cr(Ⅵ)was confirmed by the cyclic voltammetry combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)assays.The highest Cr(Ⅵ)reduction efficiency reached approximately 78%under 1.5mg gallic acid equivalent(GAE)/mL of AEP and 10 mg/L Cr(Ⅵ)condition.Additionally,Cr(Ⅵ)stress had a significant inhibitory effect on rice growth.However,the exogenous application of AEP alleviated the growth inhibition and oxidative damage of rice under Cr(Ⅵ)stress by increasing the activity and level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.Furthermore,the addition of AEP restored the ultrastructure of root cells,promoted Cr adsorption onto root cell walls,and limited the translocation Cr to shoots.In shoots,AEP application also triggered the expression of specific genes involved in Cr defense and detoxification response,including photosynthesis pathways,antioxidant systems,flavonoids biosynthesis,and plant hormone signal transduction.These results suggest that AEP is an efficient reduction agent for Cr(Ⅵ),and exogenous application of AEP may be a promising strategy to mitigate the harm of Cr(Ⅵ)on rice,ultimately contributing to improved crop yield in Crcontaminated environments.

关键词： Hexavalent chromium Plant extract Reduction Rice plants Mechanisms

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Facile intercalation of alkali ions in WO_(3)for modulated electronic and optical properties:Implications for artificial synapses and chromogenic application

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 149-160页

作者： Changmeng Huan Zihan Lu Silin Tang yongqing Cai Qingqing Ke School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China

Tungsten oxides(WO_(3))are widely recognized as multifunctional systems owing to the existence of rich polymorphs.These diverse phases exhibit distinct octahedra-tilting patterns,generating substantial tunnels that are ideally suited for iontronics.However,a quantitative comprehension regarding the impact of distinct phases on the kinetics of intercalated conducting ions remains lacking.Herein,we employ first-principles calculations to explore the spatial and orientational correlations of ion transport inγ-and h-WO_(3),shedding light on the relationship between diffusion barriers and the size of the conducting ions.Our findings reveal that different types and concentrations of alkali-metals induce distinct and continuous lattice distortions in WO_(3)polymorphs.Specifically,γ-WO_(3)is more appropriate to accommodate li+ions,exhibiting a diffusion barrier and coefficient of 0.25 eV and 9.31×10^(-8)cm^(2)s^(-1),respectively.Conversely,h-WO_(3)features unidirectional and sizeable tunnels that facilitate the transport of K+ions with an even lower barrier and a high coefficient of 0.11 e V and 2.12×10^(-5)cm^(2)s^(-1),respectively.Furthermore,the introduction of alkali-metal into WO_(3)tunnels tends to introduce n-type conductivity by contributing s-electrons to the unoccupied W 5d states,resulting in enhanced conductivity and tunable electronic structures.These alkali metals in WO_(3)tunnels are prone to charge transfer,forming small polaronic states and modulating the light absorption in the visible and nearinfrared regions.These tunable electronic and optical properties,combined with the high diffusion coefficient,underscore the potential of WO_(3)in applications such as artificial synapses and chromogenic devices.

关键词： WO_(3)polymorphs ion insertion kinetic activity tunable electronic and optical properties iontronics

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Facile intercalation of alkali ions in WOfor modulated electronic and optical properties: Implications for artificial synapses and chromogenic application

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Changmeng Huan Zihan Lu Silin Tang yongqing Cai Qingqing Ke Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen University

Tungsten oxides(WO3) are widely recognized as multifunctional systems owing to the existence of rich polymorphs. These diverse phases exhibit distinct octahedra-tilting patterns, generating substantial tunnels that are ideally suited for iontronics.However, a quantitative comprehension regarding the impact of distinct phases on the kinetics of intercalated conducting ions remains lacking. Herein, we employ first-principles calculations to explore the spatial and orientational correlations of ion transport in γ-and h-WO3, shedding light on the relationship between diffusion barriers and the size of the conducting ions. Our findings reveal that different types and concentrations of alkali-metals induce distinct and continuous lattice distortions in WO3polymorphs. Specifically, γ-WO3is more appropriate to accommodate li+ions, exhibiting a diffusion barrier and coefficient of0.25 e V and 9.31×10-8cm2s-1, respectively. Conversely, h-WO3features unidirectional and sizeable tunnels that facilitate the transport of K+ions with an even lower barrier and a high coefficient of 0.11 eV and 2.12×10-5cm2s-1, respectively. Furthermore, the introduction of alkali-metal into WO3tunnels tends to introduce n-type conductivity by contributing s-electrons to the unoccupied W 5d states, resulting in enhanced conductivity and tunable electronic structures. These alkali metals in WO3tunnels are prone to charge transfer, forming small polaronic states and modulating the light absorption in the visible and nearinfrared regions. These tunable electronic and optical properties, combined with the high diffusion coefficient, underscore the potential of WO3in applications such as artificial synapses and chromogenic devices.

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妊娠合并炎症性肠病的临床特点

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2024年第2期56卷 260-266页

作者：马会超李军王永清北京大学第三医院妇产科国家妇产疾病临床医学研究中心辅助生殖教育部重点实验室生殖内分泌与辅助生殖技术北京市重点实验室北京100191 北京大学第三医院消化科北京100191 河北省宁晋县医院妇产科河北邢台055550

目的:分析炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel diseases, IBD)病例妊娠前、妊娠期及哺乳期的临床特点。方法:收集2011年9月至2022年6月北京大学第三医院产科收治的妊娠合并IBD并分娩的病例资料,回顾分析其临床特点;按照妊娠前、妊娠期及哺... 详细信息

目的:分析炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel diseases, IBD)病例妊娠前、妊娠期及哺乳期的临床特点。方法:收集2011年9月至2022年6月北京大学第三医院产科收治的妊娠合并IBD并分娩的病例资料,回顾分析其临床特点;按照妊娠前、妊娠期及哺乳期的疾病状态分为疾病活动组和缓解组,比较两组妊娠前咨询、营养状况、妊娠及分娩并发症、分娩孕周、分娩方式及新生儿结局。结果:共纳入妊娠合并IBD 33位,其中7位分娩二胎,共40例分娩,包括自然受孕36例(90.0%)和辅助生殖4例(10.0%)。40例分娩中,妊娠前、妊娠期及哺乳期IBD持续处于缓解期21例(52.5%),活动期19例(47.5%),其中8例(42.1%)因自行停用药物或未按医嘱规律服药疾病发生活动。疾病缓解组与活动组相比,妊娠前咨询率更高(57.1%vs. 15.8%,P=0.010),血红蛋白[(112.67±8.53) g/L vs.(102.84±5.23) g/L,P<0.001]、血清总蛋白[(66.58±6.34) g/L vs.(60.83±6.25) g/L,P=0.006]、血清白蛋白[36.4(35.1,38.3) g/L vs. 34.3(31.1,35.6) g/L,P=0.006]、血钙[(2.25±0.10)μmol/L vs.(2.13±0.15)μmol/L,P=0.004]水平更高,妊娠期高血压疾病发生率更低(0 vs. 31.6%,P=0.007)。40例中经阴道分娩27例(67.5%),剖宫产13例(32.5%)。新生儿结局分析结果表明,足月产38例,早产2例;巨大儿1例,小于胎龄儿1例,低出生体重儿1例,出生缺陷3例;转入新生儿重症监护病房10例,其中新生儿感染4例,新生儿黄疸2例。结论:妊娠前咨询和评估对IBD患者至关重要,经过妊娠期精细管理,大多数病例可以得到良好的妊娠结局。

关键词：炎症性肠病妊娠结局疾病管理妊娠营养

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On a quasilinear elliptic eigenvalue problem with constraint

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第4期47卷 523-537页

作者： CHEN Jianqing CHEN Shaowei li yongqing Department of Mathematics Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Institute of Mathematics AMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China

Via construction of pseudo gradient vector field and descending flow argument, we prove the existence of one positive, one negative and one sign-changing solutions for a quasilinear elliptic eigenvalue problem with co... 详细信息

关键词： multiple solutions, sign-changing solution, critical point theory, quasilinear elliptic eigenvalue.

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楮岛沙滩不同时间尺度变化特征与波能流密度相关性探讨

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海洋工程 2024年第2期42卷 157-170页

作者：李永青尤再进大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室辽宁大连116024 大连海事大学港口与航运安全协同创新中心辽宁大连116026

在波浪和水流的作用下,泥沙在不同时间尺度下的运动会引起沙滩的冲淤演变,对海岸资源有重要的影响。因此,了解沙滩季节性演变规律,并采取针对性的防护措施,是近岸沙滩亟须解决的问题。目前,现场观测是研究沙滩剖面冲淤演变的重要方法,... 详细信息

在波浪和水流的作用下,泥沙在不同时间尺度下的运动会引起沙滩的冲淤演变,对海岸资源有重要的影响。因此,了解沙滩季节性演变规律,并采取针对性的防护措施,是近岸沙滩亟须解决的问题。目前,现场观测是研究沙滩剖面冲淤演变的重要方法,通过沉积物组成、岸滩坡度及波浪动力的时空变化,了解沙滩剖面的变化特性,对于沙滩管理和海岸保护具有十分重要的意义。基于2017年9月—2019年11月在荣成楮岛南岸沙滩每个月采集一次的剖面数据,以及波浪动力数据,分别探究了沙滩在不同时间尺度下的变化特征,并对沙滩变化特征与波浪动力因素的相关性进行了探讨。研究发现:楮岛南岸沙滩形态变化具有较强的季节性特征,春季沙滩比较稳定;夏季沙滩受台风影响侵蚀严重,但在风暴过后的短时间内,沙滩泥沙恢复较快;冬季沙滩恢复速度逐渐减缓并趋于稳定。在夏季和冬季期间,波能流密度的向岸分量对楮岛南沙滩的演变产生重要作用,而且波能流密度向岸分量的均值(选取数据采集前15d的波浪条件参与计算)与沙滩体积的相关性最好,并给出了两者的线性拟合公式。

关键词：楮岛沙滩沙滩剖面季节性演变波能流密度时间尺度变化

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