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Spatial evolution and spatial production of traditional villages from "backward poverty villages" to "ecologically well-off villages": Experiences from the hinterland of national nature reserves in China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1100-1118页

作者： Zhang Yiyi li yangbing College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China

With the rapid urbanization process,the space of traditional villages in China is undergoing significant changes.Studying the spatial evolution of traditional villages is significant in promoting rural spatial transformation and realizing rural revitalization and sustainable rural development.Based on the traceability analysis of spatial production theory,this paper constructed an analytical framework for the spatial production evolution of traditional villages,analyzed the spatial evolution process and characteristics of traditional villages by using buffer analysis,spatial syntax,and other research methods,and revealed the characteristics of the spatial production evolution of traditional villages and the driving mechanism.The results show that:(1)The village spatial formation and development follow the village life cycle theory and usually develop from embryonic villages to diversified and integrated villages;(2)The evolution of village spatial production is characterized by the diversity of material space,the sublimation of daily life space,and the integration of social system space and generalization of emotional space;(3)The evolution of village spatial production from backward and poor village to ecologically well-off village is influenced by a combination of factors;(4)The village has formed a spatial structure of"people-land-scape-culture-industry",realized comprehensive reconstruction and spatial reproduction.The study results reflect the spatial evolution characteristics of traditional villages in mountainous areas in a more comprehensive way,which helps to promote the protection and development of traditional villages in mountainous areas and,to a certain extent,provides a reference for the development of rural revitalization.

关键词： Traditional villages Spatial production Spatial evolution Spatial reconstruction

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Storage, form, and influencing factors of karst inorganic carbon in a carbonate area in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 725-739页

作者： Chaochao DU Xiaoyong BAI yangbing li Qiu TAN Cuiwei ZHAO Guangjie LUO Luhua WU Fei CHEN Chaojun li Chen RAN Sirui ZHANG lian XIONG Fengjiao SONG Biqin XIAO Zilin li Yingying XUE Mingkang LONG Qing LUO Xiaoyun ZHANG Minghui li Xiaoqian SHEN Shu YANG State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China School of Geography and Environmental Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi'an 710061China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed Guizhou Normal CollegeGuiyang 550018China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sinks reduce the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and global warming. However, uncertainty still exists in the estimation results of carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink fluxes(CCSF), and the contributions of climate change and ecological restoration to the CCSF are not clear. To this end, we compiled published site data on ion concentrations in different watersheds in China and used a classical thermodynamic dissolution model to reassess the potential and spatial and temporal patterns of the CCSF in China from 1991 to 2020. We quantified the contributions of temperature(MAT), precipitation(MAP), evapotranspiration(ET), soil water(SM), and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) to the CCSF. The results revealed that(1) China's CCSF was 22.76 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1), which was higher than the global average(15.77 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1)). The total carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink(CCS) was 4772.67×10^(4)t CO_(2), contributing 14.91% of the global CCS through a carbonate rock area of 252.98×10^(4)km^(-2).(2) China's CCSF decreased gradually from southeast to northwest, with values of 33.14, 12.93, and7.27 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1)in the southern karst, Qinghai-Tibetan karst, and northern karst regions, respectively.(3) The overall CCSF in China exhibited an increasing trend from 1991 to 2020, with a rate of increase of 0.16 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1).(4) The contributions of the MAP, MAT, ET, SM, and NDVI to the CCSF were 63.3%, 3.02%, 27.5%, 3.1%, and 3.05%, respectively. Among them, the increase in precipitation was the main contributor to the increase in the CCSF in China over the last 30 years, while the enhancement of ET offset part of the positive contribution of the increase in precipitation to the CCSF. In conclusion, the results of this study provide a systematic quantification of the magnitude, the patterns, and the influencing factors of CCS over a long time series in China. The results are of great significance an

关键词： Carbonate rocks Carbon sinks Patterns Influencing factors Thermodynamic dissolution modeling

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Spatiotemporal features of farmland scaling and the mechanisms that underlie these changes within the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第4期29卷 563-580页

作者： liANG Xinyuan li yangbing School of Geography and Tourism Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Chongqing 401331China

Discussions regarding the functional transformation of agricultural utilization and the mechanisms that underlie these changes within the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA)reflect variati ons in the relati on ship betwee n people and their environme nt in China's central and wester ns part,an area of mountains and reservoirs.A clear understa nding of these changes also provides the scientific basis for the development of multi-functional agriculture in typical mountainous areas.Five counties were selected for analysis in this study from the hinterland of the TGRA;we analyzed changes in farmland scaling and corresponding under?lying mechanisms by defining the concepts of“Scaling Farmland”(SF)and by using the software packages ArcGIS10.2,SPSS,and Geographical Detectors.The results of this analysis show that sources of increased SF have mainly comprised cultivated and shrub land.In deed,with the excepti on of some alpine off-season vegetables,SF growth has mainly occurred in low altitude areas and in places where the slope is less than 30°.We also show that spatial changes in various SF types have also been substantially different,but in all cases are closely related to road and township administrative centers.Natural factors at the patch level,including elevation and slope,have contributed significantly to SF,while at the township level,underlying socioeconomic and humanistic factors have tended to include road traffic and agricultural population density.In contrast,at the region al level,underlying driving forces within each have tended to be more significant than overall study area scale.We show that while changes in,and the development of,SF have been driven by numerous factors,agri?cultural policies have always been amongst the most important.The results clearly elucidate general land use transformation patter ns within the mountain regi ons of western China.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir Area functional transformation of agricultural land scaling farmland spatiotemporal features underlying driving forces

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The characteristics of temperature variability with terrain, latitude and longitude in Sichuan- Chongqing Region

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第2期22卷 223-244页

作者： SHAO Jing'an li yangbing NI Jiupai College of Geographical Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 400047China College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400716China

Using the daily temperature data of 95 meteorological stations from Sichuan-Chongqing Region and its surrounding areas, this paper adopted these methods （e.g., linear regression, trend coefficient, geographical statistics, gray relational analysis and spatial analysis functions of GIS） to analyze the relations of temperature variability with topography, latitude and longitude. Moreover, the rank of gray correlation between temperature variability and elevation, longitude, latitude, topographic position and surface roughness also was meas- ured. These results indicated：（1） The elevation affected temperature variability most obviously, followed by latitude, and longitude. The slope of the linear regression between temperature change rate and elevation, latitude and longitude was 0.4142, 0.0293 and -0.3270, respectively （2） The rank of gray correlation between temperature change rate and geographic factors was elevation 〉 latitude 〉 surface roughness 〉 topographic position 〉 longitude. The gray correla- tion degree between temperature change rate and elevation was 0.865, followed by latitude with 0.796, and longitude with 0.671. （3） The rate of temperature change enhanced with the increase of elevation. Especially, the warming trend was significant in the plateau and mountain areas of western Sichuan, and mountain and valley areas of southwestern Sichuan （with the warming rate of 0.74℃/10a during the 1990s）. However, there was a weak warming trend in Sichuan Basin and its surrounding low mountain and hilly areas. （4） The effects of latitude on temperature change rate presented the specific regulation, which the warming rate of low-latitude areas was more significant than that of high-latitude areas. However, they were consistent with the regulation that the increasing of low temperature controlled most of the warming trend, due to the effects of terrain and sically, temperature variability along longitude elevation on annual mean temperature. （5） Ba- direction resulted from the regular change of elevation along lon

关键词： temperature variability geographic factors transect analysis grey relation short-term scale Sichuan- Chongqing Region

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山区乡村多功能发展与乡村聚落演变的耦合机理

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农业工程学报 2024年第11期40卷 259-270页

作者：赵雯欣李阳兵王清荣邵景安重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院重庆401331 重庆师范大学三峡库区地表过程与生态修复重庆市重点实验室重庆401331 三峡库区地表生态过程重庆市野外科学观测研究站重庆401331

探究山区乡村功能多元化与乡村聚落演变的耦合关系,对山区乡村振兴和乡村可持续发展具有重要意义。通过构建二者的耦合协调综合评价指标体系,利用耦合协调度模型和地理探测器等方法,以三峡库区腹地奉节县为研究区,定量探究了乡村功能多... 详细信息

探究山区乡村功能多元化与乡村聚落演变的耦合关系,对山区乡村振兴和乡村可持续发展具有重要意义。通过构建二者的耦合协调综合评价指标体系,利用耦合协调度模型和地理探测器等方法,以三峡库区腹地奉节县为研究区,定量探究了乡村功能多元化与乡村聚落演变的耦合关系及驱动机制,进而提出了相关建议。结果表明:1)研究区乡村功能多元化和乡村聚落演变综合指数呈上升趋势;两系统耦合协调度逐年增长,失调乡镇数量减少,在空间上呈现“西低东高,南低北高”的发展态势。2)乡村功能多元化与乡村聚落演变耦合协调度具有明显的空间集聚特征,高高集聚区域主要集中在永安街道等中心城镇的郊区。3)基于功能多元化综合指数与聚落演变综合指数的增减关系,该文将各乡镇归纳为活力型、衰退型、转型型和传统型4种耦合模式。4)人口密度、人均GDP、人类活动强度等社会经济因素是主要驱动因子,各因子间的交互作用大部分为非线性增强和双因子增强。该文的研究方法和研究结果可为其他地区进行相关研究以及制定差异化的村落振兴方案提供参考。

关键词：乡村功能聚落耦合关系三峡库区

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Effects of Land Management Practices on Labile Organic Carbon Fractions in Rice Cultivation

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Chinese Geographical Science 2009年第3期19卷 241-248页

作者： SHAO Jing＇an li yangbing WEI Chaofu XIE Deti College of Geography Science Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 400047 China College of Resource and Environment Southwest University Chongqing 400716 China

A research trial with four land management practices, i.e., traditional tillage-fallow (TTF), traditional tillage-wheat (TTW), conservation tillage-fallow (CTF) and conservation tillage-wheat (CTW), was sampled in the 15th year after its establishment to assess the effects of different management practices on labile organic carbon fractions (LOCFs), such as easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in a typical paddy soil, Chongqing, Southwest China. The results indicated that LOCFs were significantly influenced by the combination of no-tillage, ridge culture and crop rotation. And, different combination patterns showed different effectiveness on soil LOCFs. The effects of no-tillage, ridge culture and wheat cultivation on EOC, DOC, POC and MBC mainly happened at 0-10cm. At this depth, soil under CTW had higher EOC, DOC, POC and MBC contents, compared to TTF, TTW and CTF, respectively. Moreover, the contents of LOCFs for different practices generally decreased when the soil depth increased. Our findings suggest that the paddy soil in Southwest China could be managed to concentrate greater quantities of EOC, DOC, POC and MBC.

关键词：土地管理制度活性有机碳水稻栽培组分中国西南地区微生物生物量碳保护性耕作传统耕作

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Impact of land cover types on the soil characteristics in karst area of Chongqing

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2006年第2期16卷 143-154页

作者： li yangbing XIE Deti WANG Shijie School of Geography and Biology Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Resources and Environment College Southwest Agricultural UniversityChongqing 400716China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochermstryCASGuiyang 550002China

The 26 plots including natural forestland, secondary forestland, shrub-grassland, sloping cropland, artificial forest and abandoned field, were selected to discuss the impact of land cover on the soil characteristics in the three karst districts of Chongqing. The results showed that：（1） After the vegetation turned into secondary vegetation or artificial vegetation, or reclamation, soil physical properties would be degraded. In the surface-layer soil of sloping cropland, the contents of 〉2 mm water-stable aggregates decreased obviously with apparent sandification. （2） The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen are controlled completely by vegetation type and land use intensity. The increasing trend is rather slow in the early days when over-reclamation is stopped and the land is converted to forest and pasture. （3） Herbaceous species increase and woody plants species decrease with the increase of land use intensity, therefore, the soil seed banks degrade more seriously. （4） The soil degradation index has been set up to describe the relative soil degradation degree under the conditions of different vegetation types. （5） Land cover has a significant effect on karst soil characteristics, land degradation in the karst ecosystem is essentially characterized by the different degradation of soil functions that serve as water banks, nutrient banks and soil seed banks.

关键词： karst ecosystem vegetation evolution soil degradation soil seed bank soil-land ecology Chongqing

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2000—2020年三峡库区腹地人地耦合土地系统演变机制

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农业工程学报 2024年第10期40卷 255-264,F0003页

作者：汪荣李阳兵邵景安郑骆珊陈艳王清荣赵雯欣重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院重庆401331 三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室重庆401331

该研究基于人地耦合土地系统转型研究框架,采用耦合协调度模型、景观指数与二元Logistic回归模型等方法,探究人地耦合视角下三峡库区腹地土地系统演变规律,揭示其影响机制,从而归纳人地耦合土地系统数量—景观格局—功能转型模式。研究... 详细信息

该研究基于人地耦合土地系统转型研究框架,采用耦合协调度模型、景观指数与二元Logistic回归模型等方法,探究人地耦合视角下三峡库区腹地土地系统演变规律,揭示其影响机制,从而归纳人地耦合土地系统数量—景观格局—功能转型模式。研究结果表明:1)2000—2020年,三峡库区腹地人类活动强度由逐渐增强转变为逐渐减弱,人地耦合关系总体表现为向协调型平缓发展。在空间上,呈现出中部与东北部趋于协调型、北部趋于拮抗型、南部变化不明显的分异特征;2)人地耦合土地系统数量—景观格局—功能形态发生了明显的变化。拮抗区和失调区耕地总体减少,减少量分别为21263、40029 hm^(2)。其中,拮抗区林地恢复性增长,增长量为89648 hm^(2)。失调区林地呈先增加后减少的波动变化,总体增长16054 hm^(2)。协调区果园明显扩张,增长量为13856 hm^(2);斑块破碎化程度改善,趋于规则;土地系统由单功能主导向多功能转变;3)研究区人地耦合土地系统转型模式呈现多元化,可归纳为:拮抗区:林地恢复-斑块聚集不规则-生态;失调区:林地缩减-斑块聚集规则-生态主导;协调区:果园扩张-斑块聚集、整体规则-生态经济;4)距离与地形是影响土地系统演变的决定性因素,主导因子之间交互产生叠加效应,共同促进土地系统的变化。研究揭示了三峡库区人地耦合关系发展规律与土地系统转型模式,对促进山区土地资源合理利用与人地协调发展具有现实意义。

关键词：土地利用景观格局演变相关性三峡库区

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临兴-神府区块深部煤层气地球化学特征及其影响因素

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煤田地质与勘探 2024年第5期52卷 56-66页

作者：吴鹏胡维强李洋冰马立涛李勇赵霏牛艳伟陈建奇李盼盼刘再振李晨晨曹地刘成中联煤层气有限责任公司北京100011 中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司天津300452 中海油能源发展股份有限公司非常规勘探开发重点实验室天津300452 中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院北京100083

查明深部煤层气成因和地球化学特征对其勘探开发具有重要意义,以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘临兴-神府区块深部煤层参数井解吸气为研究对象,系统测试了二叠系下统太原组8+9号煤层气体成分、含量和碳同位素等,结合热演化程度、含气性、煤层埋深、... 详细信息

查明深部煤层气成因和地球化学特征对其勘探开发具有重要意义,以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘临兴-神府区块深部煤层参数井解吸气为研究对象,系统测试了二叠系下统太原组8+9号煤层气体成分、含量和碳同位素等,结合热演化程度、含气性、煤层埋深、地质构造和水文地质条件等,分析深部煤层气地球化学特征及影响因素。结果表明,煤层气主要成分包括CH4、CO_(2)、N_(2)、乙烷、丙烷、异丁烷、正丁烷、异戊烷和正戊烷,其中CH4含量最高,体积分数在75.98%~96.20%,平均86.49%;其他含量较高的为乙烷(平均5.97%)、CO_(2)(平均5.18%)及丙烷(平均1.24%),气体成分含量与浅部煤层气区块无明显差异。煤层气δ13C1(CH_(4))分布在-51.9‰~-38.2‰,平均-42.84‰;δ13CCO_(2)分布在-8.6‰~-0.63‰,平均-4.66‰;δ13C2分布在-27.36‰~-18.70‰,平均-25.27‰;δ13C3分布在-25.96‰~-14.69‰,平均-22.93‰,且煤层气主要为热成因气体;δ13C1(CH4)较浅部小,δ13CCO_(2)较浅部大。在平面上,从临兴地区东南向西北δ13C1呈增大趋势。从石炭纪起直到三叠纪末,研究区一直处于沉降状态;中侏罗世和早白垩世为主要生烃期,中侏罗世生烃持续时间较长,平均生烃速率较小,生烃产率一般;早白垩世生烃速率较大,生烃产率增加值较高,生气强度达到历史最大,是主要的生烃期。受气体分馏作用、储层孔裂隙发育特征、储层压力以及煤层顶底板密封性的控制,δ13C1随着镜质体最大反射率(Rmax)、含气量和埋深的增加而增加;在向斜核部区、断层应力集中区和褶皱两翼发育区的δ13C1值相对较大;在断层应力释放区和背斜核部δ13C1相对较大,这表明该区域的煤层气封存条件较差,不利于煤层气富集;受地下水溶解的影响,在水动力条件较强的地区δ13C1值较小;在弱流体动力学或滞流区δ13C1没有明显的变轻趋势。综合煤层气地球化学指标认为,临兴和神府地区东南部煤层气富集,且前者更有利,这对后期煤层气选区布井提供参考。

关键词：深部煤层气地球化学碳同位素煤层气组分煤层气成因热演化

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基于地貌差异的景观格局转型研究——以三峡库区奉节县为例

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生态学报 2024年第1期44卷 81-95页

作者：汪荣李阳兵郑骆珊陈艳曾晨岑夏春华邵景安重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院重庆401331 三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室重庆401331

定量探讨影响因子对景观格局的驱动机理,有助于厘清山区景观格局演变过程以及发展方向。基于地貌差异的景观格局转型研究框架,从“全域-典型地貌区”的视角探究1990—2020年三峡库区腹地奉节县不同地貌下景观格局的时空演变规律,归纳其... 详细信息

定量探讨影响因子对景观格局的驱动机理,有助于厘清山区景观格局演变过程以及发展方向。基于地貌差异的景观格局转型研究框架,从“全域-典型地貌区”的视角探究1990—2020年三峡库区腹地奉节县不同地貌下景观格局的时空演变规律,归纳其转型模式。利用二元Logistic回归模型探讨不同地貌区影响因子与景观格局的相关性,以阐释其驱动机理。结果表明:①近30年间耕地与草地缩减,林地、果园以及撂荒地增长,景观破碎度增加。其中,河谷丘陵区耕地大幅缩减,果园迅速扩张;低山区耕地缩减速度减缓,耕地撂荒现象明显;中山区林地恢复性增长。河谷丘陵区趋于经济导向性,而低山区与中山区趋于生态导向性。②研究区景观格局表现为传统农业型、农业主导型以及生态主导型Ⅰ向生态经济型、生态主导型Ⅱ以及生态型转变。根据不同地貌景观格局转型特点,归纳总结为“河谷丘陵-生态经济型”、“低山-生态主导型Ⅱ”、“中山-生态型”3种转型模式。③影响因子对研究区景观格局的解释作用具有差异性。从全域来看,农业型与生态型景观格局主要受人为干扰因素的影响,生态经济型景观格局主要受地形因素的影响,自然景观格局主要受水热条件的影响;从不同地貌区来看,地形是影响河谷丘陵区景观格局的主导因素,随着地貌梯度的增加,地形对低山区与中山区景观格局的解释作用减弱,人为干扰对其解释作用增强,山地景观格局受到人为干扰与地形的共同影响。研究结果揭示了基于地貌差异的景观格局演变的独特性规律,对三峡库区生态经济建设以及山区土地资源的合理规划具有重要意义。

关键词：地貌差异景观格局转型驱动机理三峡库区

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