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Effects of bacterially produced precipitates on the metabolism of sulfate reducing bacteria during the bio-treatment {1. of copper-containing wastewater

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第12期53卷 2608-2615页

作者： SHENG YuXing,cao hongbin,{2. YuPing & zhang yi National {2. Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Key Laboratory of Green process and {2.,institute of process {2.,chinese academy of {12.,beijing 100190,China 1. National engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Key Laboratory of Green process and {1. Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

A large volume of bacterially produced precipitates are generated during the bio-treatment of heavy metal *** composition of the bacterially produced precipitates and its effects on sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in copper-containing waste stream were evaluated in this *** elemental composition of the microbial precipitate was studied using electrodispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX),and it was found that the ratio of S:Cu was *** with the results of copper distribution in the SRB metabolism culture,which was analyzed by the sequential extraction procedure,copper in the precipitates was determined as covellite (CuS).The bacterially produced precipitates caused a decrease of the sulfate reduction rate,and the more precipitates were generated,the lower the sulfate reduction rate *** particle sizes of bacterially generated covellite were ranging from 0.03 to 2.m by particles size distribution (PSD) analysis,which was smaller than that of the SRB *** electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the microbial covellite was deposited on the surface of the *** effects of the microbial precipitate on SRB metabolism were found to be weakened by increasing the precipitation time and adding microbial polymeric substances in later *** results provided direct evidence that the SRB activity was inhibited by the bacterially produced covellite,which enveloped the bacterium and thus affected the metabolism of SRB on mass transfer.

关键词： sulfate reducing bacteria covellite heavy metal wastewater

Effects of sulfide on sulfate reducing bacteria in response to Cu(II), Hg(II) and Cr(VI) toxicity

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第9期56卷 862-868页

作者： SHENG YuXing cao {1. {2. YuPing zhang yi National engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Beijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Green process and {1. Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) is identified as the primary organisms responsible for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater. However, most heavy metals can inhibit the growth of SRB during heavy metal treatment processes. Sulfide is a metabo{1.c product of SRB and it can precipitate or reduce heavy metals. This study focused on the effects of sulfide on SRB resistance to Cu(II), Hg(I) and Cr(VI) toxicity. First, we considered the existence style of various heavy metals with and without sulfide addition by sequential extraction experiments. Second, the particle size distribution was evaluated and the cell structure during the metabo{1.sm of a SRB culture, containing different heavy metals, was analyzed by particle size distribution and TEM analyses. Third, the evolution of sulfate under the influence of different concentrations of heavy metals with and without sulfide addition was investigated to evaluate SRB activity. The results indicated that sulfide played an important role in alleviating and even e{1.minating the toxicity of Cu(II), Hg(II) and Cr(VI). We also discuss the mechanism of sulfide on SRB resistance to Cu(II), Hg(I) and Cr(VI) toxicity.

关键词：硫酸盐还原菌 Cr(VI) 汞毒性硫化铜金属硫化物铬(VI) 作者废水生物处理

Application of triple potential step amperometry method for quantitative electroanalysis

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chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第20期52卷 2771-2774页

作者： liU ChenMing {1. {2. li YuPing zhang yi institute of {1. {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

A novel quantitative electroanalysis method, triple potential step amperometry (TPSA), was developed and explained with an example of nitrobenzene analyzing in water. The selectivity of TPSA was im- proved by controlling the potential step within a narrow interval and using enzyme-modified electrode, the narrow potential step makes the method avoid most interferents, and enzyme-modified electrode can enhance the response of target substance selectively. The peak area was investigated for quanti- tative calibration, such as nitrobenzene concentration showing a linear relation with the peak area, with the correlation coefficients being 0.9995. The t-test and F-test were applied to evaluating the reliability of TPSA, the results showed that there was no evidence of systematic error for TPSA, and the method was of no significant difference from CV. The merit of fast detecting and few potential changing times make the TPSA suitably applicable to low-cost automatic monitoring equipments.

关键词：电流测定法电阻板电量电解电子学

Highly selective metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries through stoichiometric hydrogen ion replacement

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1243-1256页

作者： Weiguang Lv Xiaohong Zheng li li {2. cao yi zhang Renjie Chen Hancheng Ou Fei Kang Zhi Sun National engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process EngineeringInnovation Academy for Green ManufactureChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Materials Science&engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Ganzhou Highpower Technology Co. Ltd.Ganzhou341000China

Spent lithium-ion battery recycling has attracted significant attention because of its importance in regard to the environment and resource *** hydrometallurgical methods usually leach all valuable metals and subsequently extract target meals to prepare corresponding ***,li recovery in these processes requires lengthy operational procedures,and the recovery efficiency is *** this research,we demonstrate a method to selectively recover lithium before the leaching of other elements by introducing a hydrothermal *** 90%of li is leached from high-Ni layered oxide cathode powders,while consuming a nearly stoichiometric amount of hydrogen *** this selective recovery of li,the transition metals remain as solid residue hydroxides or ***,the extraction of li is found to be highly dependent on the content of transition metals in the cathode materials.A high leaching selectivity of li(>98%)and nearly 95%leaching efficiency of li can be reached with liNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2..In this case,both the energy and material consumption during the proposed li recovery is significantly decreased compared to traditional methods;furthermore,the proposed method makes full use of H+to leach li+.This research is expected to provide new understanding for selectively recovering metal from secondary resources.

关键词： recycling spent liBs selective recovery hydrothermal treatment

Whole-process Pollution Control for Cost-Effective and Cleaner Chemical Production A Case Study of the Tungsten Industry in China

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engineering 2019年第4期5卷 768-776页

作者： hongbin {1. He Zhao Di {2. Chenming liu Xiao lin Yuping li Pengge Ning Jiajun Sun yi {2. Zhi Sun beijing {1. Research Center of {2. Pollution Control and National {1. Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Division of Environment Technology and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

In this research,a methodology named whole-process pollution control(WPPC)is demonstrated that improves the effectiveness of process *** methodology considers waste/emission treatment as a step of the whole production process with respect to the minimization of cost and environmental impact for the whole *** following procedures are introduced in a WPPC process optimization:①a material and energy flow investigation and optimization based on a systematic understanding of the distribution and physiochemical properties of potential pollutants;②a process optimization to increase the utilization efficiency of different elements and minimize pollutant emissions;and③an evaluation to reveal the effectiveness of the optimization *** production of ammonium paratungstate was chosen for the case *** factors of the different optimization schemes-namely the cost-effectiveness factor and the environmental impact indicator-were evaluated and *** research demonstrates that by considering the nature of potential pollutants,technological innovations,economic viability,environmental impacts,and regulation requirements,WPPC can efficiently optimize a metal production process.

关键词： Whole-process pollution control process optimization Industrial pollution Tungsten

Investigation of solution chemistry to enable efficient lithium recovery from low-concentration lithium-containing wastewater

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2020年第4期14卷 639-650页

作者： Chunlong Zhao Mingming He hongbin {1. Xiaohong Zheng Wenfang Gao Yong Sun He Zhao Dalong {2.u Yan{2.ng zhang Zhi Sun State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China beijing {1. Research Center of {2. Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100China Henan Bingsheng Biotechnology Company limited Kaifeng 475103China

In the production of lithium-ion batteries(liBs)and recycling of spent liBs,a large amount of low-concentration lithium-containing wastewater(LCW)is *** recovery of li from this medium has attracted significant global attention from both the environmental and economic *** achieve effective li recycling,the features of impurity removal and the interactions among different ions must be ***,it is generally dificult to ensure highly efficient removal of impurity ions while retaining li in the solution for further *** this study,the removal of typical impurity ions from LCW and the interactions between these species were systematically investigated from the thermodynamic and kinetics *** was found that the main impurities(e.g.,Fe^+,AIP^+,Ca^2.,and Mg^2.)could be efficiently removed with high li recovery by control-ling the ionic strength of the *** mechanisms of Fe^3+,Al^+,Ca^2.,and Mg^2.removal were investigated to identify the controlling steps and reaction *** was found that the precipitates are formed by a zero-order reaction,and the activation energies tend to be low with a sequence of fast chemical reactions that reach equilibrium very ***,this study focused on li loss during removal of the impurities,and the corresponding removal rates of Fe^+,Al^+,Ca^2.,and Mg^2.were found to be 99.8%,99.5%,99%,and 99.7%,***-quently,high-purity lisPO4 was obtained via one-step ***,this research demonstrates a potential route for the effective recovery of li from low-concentra-tion LCW and for the appropriate treatment of acidic LCW.

关键词： lithium-containing wastewater lithium phos-phate precipitation impurity ion

Evaluation of the Influence of Extracellular Polymeric Substances on the Mass Transport of Substrate within Multispecies Biofilms

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chinese Journal of Chemical {1. 2004年第4期12卷 590-594页

作者：曹宏斌李鑫钢姜斌孙津生张懿 institute of {1. {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 353 Beijing 100080 China Chemical Engineering Research Center School of Chemical Engineering & Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Chemical engineering Research Center School of Chemical Engineering & Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China institute of {1. {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 353 Beijing 100080 China model for evaluating the effect of porosity and volume fraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) within multispecies biofilms on the effective diffusivity is developed and experimentally validated based on the extraction of EPS from intact biofilms. The amount of EPS in biofilms significantly affects the effective diffusivity. For biofilms with porosity of 77%-95% in the top layers and 54%-58% in the bottom layers the value of De/Dw decreases from 0.52-0.83 in the top layers to 0.23-0.31 in the bottom layers. Generally the effective diffusivity in the heterotrophic/autotrophic biofilms is slightly lower than that in the heterotrophic biofilms due to the lower porosity in the heterotrophic/autotrophic biofilms.

A model, for evaluating the effect of porosity and volume fraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) within multispecies biofilms on the effective diffusivity, is developed and experimentally validated, based on the extraction of EPS from intact biofilms. The amount of EPS in biofilms significantly affects the effective diffusivity. For biofilms with porosity of 77%—95% in the top layers and 54%—58% in the bottom layers, the value of De/Dw decreases from 0.5{1.0.83 in the top layers to 0.{1.—0.31.in the bottom layers. Generally, the effective diffusivity in the heterotrophic/autotrophic biofilms is slightly lower than that in the heterotrophic biofilms, due to the lower porosity in the heterotrophic/autotrophic biofilms.

关键词： bionlm extracellular polymeric substance effective diffusivity

K_(2.S_(2.O_(8)-Na_(2.S_(2.O_(3)引发苯乙烯磺酸钠接枝阴离子交换膜改性

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膜科学与技术 2021年第4期41卷 57-64,92页

作者：李林林张蕾石绍渊曹仁强李玉娇曹宏斌天津科技大学化工与材料学院天津300457 中国科学院过程工程研究所绿色过程与工程重点实验室北京100190 中国科学院大学化学工程学院北京100049 中国科学院赣江创新研究院赣州341000 天津化学化工协同创新中心天津300072

通过K_(2.S_(2.O_(8)-Na_(2.S_(2.O_(3)氧化还原体系引发苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)接枝阴离子交换膜,用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和接触角测量仪等对阴离子交换膜改性前后进行性质表征... 详细信息

通过K_(2.S_(2.O_(8)-Na_(2.S_(2.O_(3)氧化还原体系引发苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)接枝阴离子交换膜,用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和接触角测量仪等对阴离子交换膜改性前后进行性质表征,并以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)作为模型污染物进行污染实验,考察改性膜的抗污染性能及其稳定性.结果表明,SSS接枝后可有效改善阴离子交换膜表面的亲水性和负电荷密度,改性膜接触角由72.变为60°,表面电荷密度由0.92.mV变为-7.85 mV,表明带负电荷的磺酸基团被成功接枝到阴膜表面.通过探究改性条件对改性膜性质的影响发现,当改性温度为35℃、单体质量浓度为1.0 g/L、接枝时间为1. min时改性效果最佳.该改性条件下获得的SSS修饰阴离子交换膜抗污染能力明显提高,稳定性良好且不影响其脱盐性能.

关键词：阴离子交换膜 K_(2.S_(2.O_(8)-Na_(2.S_(2.O_(3)体系化学接枝抗污染性能

曝气及外加H_2._2.化电芬顿法处理石化反渗透浓水

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化工进展 2017年第9期36卷 3523-3530页

作者：吴月孙宇维王岽张健何沛然李玉平张忠国曹宏斌中国科学院过程工程研究所北京100190 轻工业环境保护研究所北京100095 中国轻工业节能节水与废水资源化重点实验室北京100095 中国石油化工股份有限公司北京化工研究院北京102500

以铁板为阳极、不锈钢板为阴极,采取外加H_2._2.方式构建电芬顿体系,处理石化废水反渗透浓水,以降低投资,减少污泥量,解决阴极产生H_2._2.效率的问题。考察了H_2._2.加量、pH、电流密度,特别是通气条件等因素对废水处理效果的影响。... 详细信息

以铁板为阳极、不锈钢板为阴极,采取外加H_2._2.方式构建电芬顿体系,处理石化废水反渗透浓水,以降低投资,减少污泥量,解决阴极产生H_2._2.效率的问题。考察了H_2._2.加量、pH、电流密度,特别是通气条件等因素对废水处理效果的影响。研究发现,曝气可有效强化电芬顿过程,显著提高有机物去除率,改善污泥沉降效果。在H_2._2.加浓度1.0mg/L、p H=4.0、电流密度为1.m A/cm^2.空气曝气量为1.0}L/h的条件下,反应仅1.min,COD去除率即可达57.1.,继续反应至60min,COD去除率最大可达66.7%,出水COD2.mg/L,满足北京市《水污染物综合排放标准》(DB 1./307—2.1.)中A类排放限值。该电芬顿法在短时间内即可高效处理石化废水反渗透浓水,污染物去除率显著高于相关研究结果,具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：电芬顿反渗透浓水高级氧化曝气石化废水