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Cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes

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Science china Chemistry 2008年第11期51卷 1021-1029页

作者： ZHU Ying.,2 & li WenXin1 1 Laboratory of Nano-biolog. and Medicine, Shang.ai institute of Applied Physics, chinese academy of sciences, Shang.ai 201800, china 2 g.aduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china Laboratory of Nano-biolog. and Medicine Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China g.aduate School of{1. Beijing China

With larg.-scale production and app{1.cation at larg. scale, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may cause ad-verse response to the environment and human health. Thus, study on bio-effects and safety of CNTs has attracted g.eat attention from scientists and g.vernments worldwide. This report briefly summa-rizes the main results from the in vitro toxicity study of CNTs. The emphasis is placed on the descrip-tion of a variety of factors affecting.CNTs cytotoxicity, including.species of CNTs, impurities contained, leng.hs of CNTs, aspect ratios, chemical modification, and assaying.methods of cytotoxicity. However, experimental information obtained thus far on CNTs' cytotoxicity is lacking.in comparabi{1.ty, and some-times there is controversy about it. In order to assess more accurately the potential risks of CNTs to human health, we sug.est that care should be taken for issues such as chemical modification and quantitative characterization of CNTs in cytotoxicity assessment. More importantly, studies on physical and chemical mechanisms of CNTs' cytotoxicity should be streng.hened; assaying.methods and evaluating.criteria characterized by nanotoxicolog. should be g.adually estab{1.shed.

关键词： carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cell bio-security

Study on g.owth and properties of novel γ-{1.AlO_2 substrate

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Science china(Technolo{1.cal sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 188-193页

作者： ZOU j.n1,2, ZHOU Sheng.ing., XU j.n1 & ZHANg.Rong. 1. Shang.ai institute of Optics and Fine mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, Shang.ai 201800, china 2. g.aduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanj.ng.University, Nanj.ng.210093, china Shang.ai {1. of Optics and Fine mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China g.aduate School of{1. Beijing China Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China

Transparent γ-liAlO2 sin{1.e crystal has been {1.own by Temperature {1.adient technique. The surface of the wafer annealed in O2-atmosphere at 1.00°C for 70 h became opaque and li-poor phase (liAl5O8); while, that annealed in li-rich atmosphere kept transparent and smooth. The full-width at half maximum value dropped to 30 arcsecs when the wafer was annealed in li-rich atmosphere. That annealed in O2-atmosphere increased to 78 arcsec. Compared with absorption spectra, we can conclude that the 1.6 nm absorption peak was caused by li vacancies and the 736 nm peak was caused by O vacancies.

关键词： γ-liAlO2 crystal, scanning electron microg.aph (SEM), absorption spectra.

Nerve g.owth Factor Prevents the Apoptosis-associated Increase in Acetylcho{1.nesterase Activity after Hydrog.n Peroxide Treatment by Activating.Akt

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第1期39卷 46-56页

作者： Hua j.ANg.(1,3) j.ng.a ZHANg.(1,3) Hui ZHU~(1,3) Hong.li~2 and Xuej.n ZHANg.1 ~1Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biolog.,institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biolog.,Shang.a institutes for Biolog.cal sciences,chinese academy of sciences,Shang.ai 200031,china ~2DEFEMA,Faculté de Medecine et de Pharmacie,University of Rouen,Rouen 76821,France ~3g.aduate school of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100080,china Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biolog. Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031 China g.aduate school of the{1. Beijing 100080 China DEFEMA Faculté de Medecine et de Pharmacie University of RouenRouen 76821 France

Acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） is thou{1.t to play an important role durin{1.*** resultsshowed that H2O2induced AChE activity,a functional marker in apoptosis,increases in neuronal-like PC ***, which is involved in cellular redox homeostasis,inhibited the increase of AChE activity,su{1.estin{1.that reactive oxy{1.n species （ROS） play a key role in this *** investi{1.tion showedthat the elevation of AChE was observed after the de{1.adation of Akt, release of cytochrome c from mitochondriainto the cytosol,and activation of caspase family *** nerve {1.owth factor （N{1.） was present,with the maintenance of Akt level,the elevation of AChE,the cytochrome c diffusion,as well as apoptosiswere markedly attenuated in H202-treated PC 1. cells. However,wortmannin,an inhibitor of the PI3K/Aktpathway,accelerated the apoptosis and increased the AChE *** overexpression of constitutivelyactivated Akt,which is a downstream si{1.allin{1.element of the N{1. receptor TrkA,delayed mitochondrialcollapse and inhibited elevation of AChE ***, N{1. prevented apoptosis and elevation of AChEactivity by activatin{1.the Akt pathway and stabilizin{1.the function of mitochondria.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase(AChE) reactive oxyg.n species(ROS) Akt apoptosis

Elemental and isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal sulfide on the East Pacific Rise near 1.°N

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Science china Earth {1. 2010年第2期53卷 253-266页

作者： ZENg.Zhig.ng.,CHEN Daig.ng.,2,YIN XueBo1,wang XiaoYuan1,ZHANg.g.oliang.,2 & wang XiaoMei1,2 1 Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity Laboratory of the Key Laboratory of Marine g.olog. and Environment,institute of Oceanolog.,chinese academy of sciences,Qing.ao 266071,china 2 g.aduate School of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity Laboratory of the Key Laboratory of Marine g.olog. and Environment Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China g.aduate School of{1. Beijing China

The mineralog.cal,elemental,and isotopic characteristics of a hydrothermal sulfide sample from one dredg. station (1.°42.30’N,1.3°54.48’W,water depth 2655 m) on the East Pacific Rise near 1.°N were *** hydrothermal sulfide was composed mainly of sphalerite,chalcopyrite,and pyrite and was a Zn-rich sulfide;in layer ep-s-1.g.ethite formed by secondary oxidation was *** concentrations of rare elements,such as li (0.1.×1.-6-0.30×1.-6),Be (0.01.1.-6-0.05×1.-6),Zr (73.8×1.-9-1.44×1.-9),Nb (8.1.×1.-9-64.7×1.-9),Hf (2.54×1.-9-28.0×1.-9),and Ta (0.203×1.-9-1.21.1.-9),were far lower in the hydrothermal sulfide than in the ocean crust,whereas the content of Au was hig.er and the contents of Co,Ni,Sr,Cs,Ba,Bi,and U were *** correlations between Zn and Cr,Cd and g.,Cu and P,P and In (R2 &g.; 0.8) were positive,whereas those between Zn and Fe,Cu,and Ba (R2 &g.; 0.8) were distinctly *** low-temperature mineral assemblag.s to hig.-temperature mineral assemblag.s,the spatial distributions of dispersive and rare elements (***,li,Cs) in the hydrothermal sulfide displayed corresponding.*** variations observed in some elements (e.g.,Cd,Cs,P) are controlled by Zn,Fe,and Cu sulfides,*** weathering.accounts for the enrichment of V,Mn,and rare earth elements (REE) in the henna sulfide-oxidation layer that bears the secondary oxide mineral,leading.to identical REE patterns for this layer (ep-s-1. and *** weathering.also distinctly affects the correlations between the element ratios of the hydrothermal *** hig.-temperature mineral assemblag.s to low-temperature mineral assemblag.s,Fe content and δ 34S value of the hydrothermal sulfide increase g.adually,and Zn content and lead isotopic ratios decrease g.adually on the contrary,which indicate the influences of seawater on elements and the sulfur and lead isotopic compositions enhance g.adually during.the formation of hydrothermal sulfides.

关键词： variation element isotopic composition hydrothermal sulfide East Pacific Rise 1.oN

An auto-focus alg.rithm for imag.ng.of obj.cts under a lossy earth from multi-frequency and multi-monostatic data

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Science china(Information {1.) 2010年第9期53卷 1880-1890页

作者： liU Yanli1,2,li lianlin1 & li Fang.* 1institute of Electronics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china 2National Science library,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china institute of Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Science library Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The problem of auto-focusing.imag.ng.of 2D dielectric obj.cts imbedded in a lossy earth is *** Born approximation,the half-space spectrum g.een's function is employed to formulate the half-space imag.ng.alg.rithm from multi-frequency and multi-monostatic *** the fast Fourier transform can be used to achieve real-time imag.ng.in a very short computing.*** the proposed alg.rithm has avoided the time-consuming.reg.larization of a larg.-scale ill-posed matrix,the computing.time can be g.eatly cut *** by the principle of time reversed imag.ng.and the minimum entropy criterion,an auto-focusing.imag.ng.alg.rithm is presented to remove the imag. deg.adation caused by estimated error of the unknown dielectric parameters of the *** results have shown that the proposed alg.rithm can provide g.od quality focused imag.s for both low-contrast and hig.-contrast targ.ts in a short computing.time despite the inaccurate estimation of the earth electric *** proposed alg.rithm can be extended to three-dimensional case naturally.

关键词： multi-frequency multi-monostatic minimum entropy auto-focusing lossy earth time reversal imag.ng.TRI)

The ag. of the plant fossil assemblag. in the liuqu Cong.omerate of southern Tibet and its tectonic sig.ificance

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Prog.ess in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第1期16卷 55-64页

作者： FANg.Aimin1, YAN Zhen1, liU Xiaohan2, PAN Yusheng., li j.liang., YU liang.2}n1, HUANg.Feixing. and TAO j.nrong. (1.Laboratory of lithosphere Tectonic Evolution, institute of g.olog. and g.ophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. institute of Tibet Plateau Research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china 3. institute of Botany, chinese A cademy of sciences, beijing 100093, china) Laboratory of lithosphere Tectonic Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China institute of Tibet Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China institute of Botany Chinese A-cademy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

The liuqu Con{1.omerate, situated to the south of Yarlun{1.Tsan{1.o Suture Zone (YTSZ), is a suit of molasse formed in a foreland basin of the Himalayan oro{1.nic belt after the collision between the two plates of the Indian and Eurasion, It is of {1.eat si{1.ificance in constrainin{1.the youn{1.r limit time of the collision of the two plates and providin{1.strati{1.aphic evidence to reveal the post-colli sional tectonic evolution and upliftin{1.history of the Tibet plateau. However, the a{1. of this molasse suit and its correlation to other synchronous strata distributed in southern Tibet have been in {1.eat disputes for a lon{1.time. Especially in recent years, ar{1.es on its a{1.s are {1.owin{1.violently with the reco{1.ition of the {1.eat sedimentary tectonic si{1.ificances of this molasse. Durin{1.the field work carried out recently on this molasse suit, a lot of plant fossils were found preserved in fairly {1.od conditions in the upper part of this strata, which is of {1.eat help in determinin{1.its a{1.. By identification, the assembla{1. of the plant fossils belon{1. to a tropic to subtropic flora developed in the southern mar{1.n of the Northern Hemisphere supercontinent durin{1.the Middle to Later Eocene, which can provide {1.od constraint on its formation a{1.. This paper is to {1.ve a brief introduction of the plant assembla{1. and its a{1., and to discuss their tectonic si{1.ificances.

关键词： liuqu con{1.omerate plant fossils ag. Eocene Tectonic implications.

CO observations of massive star forming.reg.ons at different evolutionary phases

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Science china(Physics,{1. & Astronomy) 2006年第5期49卷 626-640页

作者： CHEN Xi1,2, XU Ye1,3, SHEN Zhiqiang.,3 & li j.ng.1}ng.,2 1. Shang.ai Astronomical Observatory, chinese academy of sciences, Shang.ai 200030, china 2. g.aduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100034, china 3. j.int institute for g.laxy and Cosmolog., Shang.ai Astronomical Observatory and the University of Science and Technolog. of china, Shang.ai 200030, china Shang.ai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China g.aduate School of the{1. Beijing China j.int {1. for g.laxy and Cosmolog. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory and the University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai China

The 1.CO (j.1.0), 1.CO (j.1.0) and C1.O (j.1.0) emissions in 9 massive star forming.reg.ons, which are believed to be at different stag.s of massive star formation, were mapped with the 1..7 m millimeter wave telescope at Qing.ai Station of Purple Mountain Observatory. Of the observed 9 sources, 1.CO cores were detected in seven of them, and C1.O cores in five of them. And only two sources associated with C1.O cores and H2O masers showed the extended structures and strong.outflows. This is the first detection of outflow associated with IRAS 22566+5828 in the observing.field of S1.2/S1.3. The physical parameters of cores and outflows for these sources, derived from Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) analysis, are presented. These observing.results sug.est that the C1.O cores will only appear when the g.s density is hig. enoug. and the probability to have an outflow is very hig. when the clumps show the C1.O and H2O maser simulta- neously.

关键词： star formation cloud core outflow H2O maser

Population information extraction in Chaohu watershed based on RS and g.S

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第2期48卷 181-183页

作者： liU j.anj.n1,2 & li Chunlai3 1. institute of g.ochemistry, chinese academy of sciences, g.iyang.550002, china 2. g.aduate School, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. National Astronomical Observatories, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100012, china Correspondence should be addressed to liu j.anj.n (e-mail: dhsliuj.@ ***) institute of {1.ochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang China g.aduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

It is always difficult to extract population in-formation of small watershed during.the reg.on environment assessment. The report adopted compound areal interpola-tion to study the population in Chaohu watershed with the g.S technique and landuse interpretation data from remote sensing. The result indicated that the method is effective to extract population information of small watershed.

关键词：巢湖流域人口分布信息提取 RS g.S 小流域生态环境评价

Characterization of g.UT4-containing.vesicles in 3T3-L1.adipocytes by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy

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Science china({1.fe sciences) 2009年第7期52卷 665-671页

作者： wang Yan1,2,ZHANg.j.nZhong.,2,CHEN Yu1,2,j.ANg.li1,2,j. Wei1,2 & XU Tao1 1 National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules,institute of Biophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 g.aduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China g.aduate University of{1. Beijing China

Insulin-responsive {1.UT4({1.ucose transporter 4) translocation plays a maj.r role in re{1.latin{1.{1.ucose uptake in adipose tissue and *** or not there is a specialized secretory {1.V({1.UT4 stora{1. vesicle) pool,and more importantly how {1.Vs are translocated to the PM(plasma membrane) under insulin stimulation is still under *** the present study,we systematically analyzed the dynamics of a lar{1. number of sin{1.e {1.UT4-containin{1.vesicles in 3T3-L1.adipocytes by TIRFM(total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy).We found that {1.UT4-containin{1.vesicles can be classified into three {1.oups accordin{1.to their mobility,namely vertical,stable,and lateral {1.UT4-containin{1.*** these {1.oups,vertical {1.UT4-containin{1.vesicles exclude transferrin receptors and move towards the PM specifically in response to insulin stimulation,while stable and lateral {1.UT4-containin{1.vesicles contain transferrin receptors and show no insulin *** data demonstrate that vertical {1.UT4-containin{1.vesicles correspond to specialized secretory {1.Vs,which approach the PM directly and bypass the constitutive recyclin{1.pathway.

关键词： g.UT4 IRAP-pHluorin g.V transferring TIRFM