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Elevated CO_(2) increases soil redox potential by promoting root radial oxygen loss in paddy field

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 11-20页

作者： Jie li Han Zhang Wenyi Xie Cheng liu Xiaoyu liu Xuhui Zhang lianqing li Genxing Pan Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soil redox potential(Eh)plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of soil nutrients.Whereas its effect soil process and nutrients'availability under elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and warming has seldom been investigated.Thus,in this study,a field experiment was used to elucidate the effect of elevated CO_(2) concentration and warming on soil Eh,redox-sensitive elements and root radial oxygen loss(ROL).We hypothesized elevated CO_(2) and warming could alter soil Eh by promoting or inhibiting ROL.We found that soil Eh in the rhizosphere was significantly higher than that of non-rhizosphere.Elevated CO_(2) enhanced soil Eh by 11.5%,which corresponded to a significant decrease in soil Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)concentration.Under elevated CO_(2),the concentration of Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)decreased by 14.7%and 13.7%,respectively.We also found that elevated CO_(2) altered rice root aerenchyma structure and promoted rice root ROL.Under elevated CO_(2),rice root ROL increased by 79.5%and 112.2%for Yangdao 6 and Changyou 5,respectively.Warming had no effect on soil Eh and rice root ROL.While warming increased the concentration of Mn^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2-)by 4.9%and 19.3%,respectively.There was a significant interaction between elevated CO_(2) and warming on Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).Under elevated CO_(2),warming had no effect on the concentration of Fe^(2+)but decreased Mn^(2+)concentration significantly.Our study demonstrated that elevated atmospheric CO_(2) in the future could increase soil Eh by promoting rice root ROL,which will alter some soil nutrients'availability,such as Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).

关键词： Atmospheric CO_(2)enrichment Global warming Soil redox potential FACE Rice root aerenchyma

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Organic carbon stratification and size distribution of three typical paddy soils from Taihu Lake region,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 456-463页

作者： PAN Genxing WU Laosheng li lianqing ZHANG Xuhui GONG Wei WOOD Yvonne Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Department of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Developing realistic soil carbon （C） sequestration strategies for China＇s sustainable agriculture relies on accurate estimates of the amount, retention and turnover rates of C stored in paddy soils. Available C estimates to date are predominantly for the tilled and flood-irrigated surface topsoil （ca. 30 cm）. Such estimates cannot be used to extrapolate to soil depths of 100 cm since soil organic carbon （SOC） generally shows a sharp decrease with depth. In this research, composite soil samples were collected at several depths to 100 cm from three representative paddy soils in the Taihu Lake region, China. Soil organic carbon distribution in the profiles and in aggregate-size fractions was determined. Results showed that while SOC decreased exponentially with depth to 100 cm, a substantial proportion of the total SOC （30%-40%） is stored below the 30 cm depth. In the carbon-enriched paddy topsoils, SOC was found to accumulate preferentially in the 2-0.25 and 0.25-0.02 mm aggregate size fractions. δ^13C analysis of the coarse micro-aggregate fraction showed that the high degree of C stratification in the paddy topsoil was in agreement with the occurrence of lighter δ^1313C in the upper 30 cm depth. These results suggest that SOC stratification within profiles varies with different pedogenetical types of paddy soils with regards to clay and iron oxyhydrates distributions. Sand-sized fractions of aggregates in paddy soil systems may play a very important role in carbon sequestration and turnover, dissimilar to other studied agricultural systems.

关键词： profile stratification organic carbon paddy soils size fractions soil aggregates carbon storage

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Changes in cropland topsoil organic carbon with different fertilizations under long-term agro-ecosystem experiments across China's Mainland

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Science China(life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 858-867页

作者： WANG ChengJi PAN GenXing TIAN YouGuo li lianqing ZHANG XuHui HAN XiaoJun Institute of Resources Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Center of Soil and Fertilizer Quality Monitoring and Test Agricultural Ministry of ChinaBeijing 100026China

Topsoil soil organic carbon(SOC) data were collected from long-term Chinese agro-ecosystem experiments presented in 76 reports with measurements over 1977 and 2006.The data set comprised 481 observations(135 rice paddies and 346 dry croplands) of SOC under different fertilization schemes at 70 experimental sites(28 rice paddies and 42 dry croplands).The data set covered 16 dominant soil types found in croplands across 23 provinces of China's Mainland.The fertilization schemes were grouped into six categories:N(inorganic nitrogen fertilizer only),NP(compound inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers),NPK(compound inorganic nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers),O(organic fertilizers only),OF(combined inorganic/organic fertilization) and Others(other unbalanced fertilizations such as P only,K only,P plus K and N plus K).Relative change in SOC content was analyzed,and rice paddies and dry croplands soils were compared.There was an overall temporal increase in topsoil SOC content,and relative annual change(RAC,g kg-1 yr-1) ranged -0.14-0.60(0.13 on average) for dry cropland soils and -0.12-0.70(0.19 on average) for rice paddies.SOC content increase was higher in rice paddies than in dry croplands.SOC increased across experimental sites,but was higher under organic fertilization and combined organic/inorganic fertilizations than chemical fertilizations.SOC increase was higher under balanced chemical fertilizations with compound N,P and K fertilizers than unbalanced fertilizations such as N only,N plus P,and N plus K.The effects of specific rational fertilizations on SOC increase persisted for 15 years in dry croplands and 20 years in rice paddies,although RAC values decreased generally as the experiment duration increased.Therefore,the extension of rational fertilization in China's croplands may offer a technical option to enhance C sequestration potential and to sustain long-term crop productivity.

关键词： long-term agro-ecosystem experiments fertilization croplands soil organic carbon carbon sequestration cross site analysis

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Preparation of M_(2)B_(5)O_(9)Cl:Eu^(2+)(M=Sr,Ca)blue phosphors by a facile low-temperature self-reduction method and their enhanced luminescent properties

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 349-357,I0001页

作者： Pan liang lianqing li Tong Shen Wenli lian Zhihong liu Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Xueqian Normal UniversityXi'an 710100China

In this work,through a facile method of low-temperature(only 350℃)self-reduction,1D nano-sized M_(2)B_(5)O_(9)CI:Eu^(2+)(M=Sr,Ca)blue phosphors with highly efficient performance can be obtained.The crystal structure,morphology and photoluminescence(PL)properties including thermal stability of M_(2)B_(5)O_(9)CI:Eu^(2+)(M=Sr,Ca)phosphors were investigated.The M_(2)B_(5)O_(9)CI:Eu^(2+)(M=Sr,Ca)phosphors show broad band excitation spectra and narrow band emission spectra.The photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)of M_(2)B_(5)O_(9)CI:Eu^(2+)(M=Sr,Ca)are as high as 98%and 87.2%,respectively.Furthermore,the color purities of M_(2)B_(5)O_(9)CI:Eu^(2+)(M=Sr,Ca)can reach 99.1%and 93.2%,respectively,When heated up to 150℃,the emission intensities of M_(2)B_(5)O_(9)CI:Eu^(2+)(M=Sr,Ca)phosphors can still keep 72.7%and80.0%,respectively.Finally,the above-mentioned phosphors exhibit outstanding performance when manufacturing WLEDs.

关键词： Low-temperature self-reduction Borate phosphor Ultra-high quantum yield High color purity Rare earths

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Developing More Effective Enhanced Biochar Fertilisers for Improvement of Pepper Yield and Quality

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 703-712页

作者： YAO Chunxue Stephen JOSEPH li lianqing PAN Genxing Yun liN Paul MUNROE Ben PACE Sarasadat TAHERYMOOSAVI Lukas VAN ZWIETEN Torsten THOMAS Shaun NIELSEN Jun YE Scott DONNE Institute of Resources Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales New South Wales Department of Primary Industries School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences & Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation University of New South Wales

Utilization of biochar at high application rates can increase soil C and crop yields, decrease greenhouse gas emissions and reduce nutrient run-off from soils. However, the high application rate of 10 t ha-1may not return a profit to the farmer due to the high cost of biochar. In this study biochar was modified through pre-treating the biomass and post-treating with phosphoric acid, minerals and different chemical fertilisers to study the effects of two new enhanced biochar fertilisers on the yield and quality of green pepper in a field experiment with 5 fertilisation treatments and 3 replications. The two new biochar fertilisers significantly(P liser(9.72 t ha-1). The biochar fertiliser treatments improved the vitamin C content of green pepper from 236.99 to 278.28 mg kg-1, and also significantly(P liser. This study indicated that, compared to the use of conventional chemical fertiliser, all of the biochar fertiliser treatments could significantly improve the yield and quality of green pepper.

关键词：作物产量生物肥料辣椒质量土壤养分流失温室气体排放量开发常规化肥

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变应性鼻炎免疫治疗研究进展

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国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志 2024年第3期48卷 176-178页

作者：吕英佳李连庆宫丽丽山东第二医科大学临床医学院潍坊261000 聊城市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科聊城252000

变应性鼻炎是一种鼻黏膜高反应性疾病,严重影响患者的正常生活。目前治疗方案中除了远离变应原及药物治疗外,特异性免疫治疗作为对因治疗,是可以改变变应性鼻炎病程的治疗方法。目前,皮下注射免疫治疗和舌下含服免疫治疗是应用较为广泛... 详细信息

变应性鼻炎是一种鼻黏膜高反应性疾病,严重影响患者的正常生活。目前治疗方案中除了远离变应原及药物治疗外,特异性免疫治疗作为对因治疗,是可以改变变应性鼻炎病程的治疗方法。目前,皮下注射免疫治疗和舌下含服免疫治疗是应用较为广泛的两种方法,表皮、淋巴结等免疫治疗方法有待进一步开发和研究,新近DNA重组、间充质干细胞等免疫治疗思路的出现为疾病治疗提供了更多选择。

关键词：鼻炎,过敏免疫治疗皮下注射舌下含服免疫治疗依从性

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AWG-based large dynamic range fiber Bragg grating interrogation system

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第3期20卷 129-134页

作者： li Shufeng YUAN Pei li Ke li Ting ZHU lianqing Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument Beijing Information Science&Technology UniversityBeijing 100192China Beijing Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and System Beijing Information Science&Technology UniversityBeijing 100016China

Arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs) are extensively employed in fiber Bragg grating(FBG) interrogation systems due to their compact size, lightweight nature, and excellent interrogation performance. The resolution and total measurement range of AWG-based FBG interrogation systems are constrained by the output properties of AWG. We proposed an AWG-based large dynamic range interrogation system. The temperature dependence of AWG is exploited to achieve continuous interrogation. The test results show that the interrogation system has a dynamic range of 28.67 nm, an interrogation accuracy better than 25 pm, and a wavelength resolution of 6 pm.

关键词： fiber waveguide AWG

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头颈肿瘤发生、发展与外泌体环状RNA表达的相互作用机制

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国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志 2024年第1期48卷 37-40页

作者：封宇付瑞俊李茂才堵永娅李连庆宫丽丽聊城市人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科聊城252000 山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院) 济南250000 日照市莒县峤山镇卫生院外科日照276523 聊城市东昌府人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科聊城252024

外泌体是由机体活细胞分泌的磷脂双层膜小囊泡,其可作为封装和转移环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)等多种功能性分子的载体。外泌体通过传递多种生物信号分子,在人类恶性肿瘤的发生发展中起着关键的调控作用,成为细胞间信息交流的重要介... 详细信息

外泌体是由机体活细胞分泌的磷脂双层膜小囊泡,其可作为封装和转移环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)等多种功能性分子的载体。外泌体通过传递多种生物信号分子,在人类恶性肿瘤的发生发展中起着关键的调控作用,成为细胞间信息交流的重要介质。circRNA是一种非编码RNA,含有大量miRNA的结合位点,调控下游基因的表达,在疾病调控中发挥重要作用。头颈恶性肿瘤早期发现并治疗可以显著提高生存率,是降低死亡率的重要措施。本文就外泌体circRNA在头颈恶性肿瘤中的发生及转移做一综述。

关键词：头颈部肿瘤肿瘤微环境外泌体环状RNA

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Feeding Biochar to Cows:An Innovative Solution for Improving Soil Fertility and Farm Productivity

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 666-679页

作者： Stephen JOSEPH Doug POW Kathy DAWSON David R.G.MITCHELL Aditya RAWAL James HOOK Sarasadat TAHERYMOOSAVI Lukas VAN ZWIETEN Joshua RUST Scott DONNE Paul MUNROE Ben PACE Ellen GRABER Torsten THOMAS Shaun NIELSEN Jun YE Yun liN PAN Genxing li lianqing Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Electron Microscopy Center AIIMUniversity of Wollongong Institute of Resources Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural University Marron Brook Farm Warren Catchments Council 52 Bath StManjimup 6258 (Australia) Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre University of New South Wales Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute NSW Department of Primary Industries Institute of Soil Water and Environmental SciencesThe Volcani CenterAgricultural Research Organization Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesThe University of New South Wales Soil Biology and Molecular Ecology Group School of Earth and Environment (M087)The University of Western Australia

Addition of biochar produced through thermal decomposition of biomass has been seen as a strategy to improve soils and to sequester carbon(C), but wide scale implementation of the technology requires to devise innovative profitable solutions. To develop biochar utilisation with an integrated system approach, an innovative program was implemented in 2012 on a 53-ha farm in Western Australia to determine the costs and benefits of integrating biochar with animal husbandry and improvement of pastures. Biochar was mixed with molasses and fed directly to cows. The dung-biochar mixture was incorporated into the soil profile by dung beetles.We studied the changes in soil properties over 3 years. Biochar extracted from fresh dung and from the soil to a depth of 40 cm was characterised. A preliminary financial analysis of the costs and benefits of this integrated approach was also undertaken. The preliminary investigation results suggested that this strategy was effective in improving soil properties and increasing returns to the farmer. It was also concluded that the biochar adsorbed nutrients from the cow's gut and from the dung. Dung beetles could transport this nutrient-rich biochar into the soil profile. There was little evidence that the recalcitrant component of the biochar was reduced through reactions inside the gut or on/in the soil. Further research is required to quantify the long-term impact of integrating biochar and dung beetles into the rearing of cows.

关键词：土壤肥力生物炭农业生产率创新喂牛土壤性质新鲜粪便生物利用

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Research on a New Fiber-Optic Axial Pressure Sensor of Transformer Winding Based on Fiber Bragg Grating

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Photonic Sensors 2017年第4期7卷 365-371页

作者： Yuan liU lianqing li lin ZHAO Jiqiang WANG Tongyu liU Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing Technologies Laser Institute of Shandong Academy ofSciences Jinan 250014 China

基于纤维布拉格栅栏的原则，为变压器弯屈的轴的力量测量的光纤的压力传感器的一种新类型被设计，它与把板横梁，包装过程的优化，和传感器的材料弄弯的结构被设计。通过刻度试验校准传感器， Taikai 变压器工厂的地测试结果证明传感器... 详细信息

基于纤维布拉格栅栏的原则，为变压器弯屈的轴的力量测量的光纤的压力传感器的一种新类型被设计，它与把板横梁，包装过程的优化，和传感器的材料弄弯的结构被设计。通过刻度试验校准传感器， Taikai 变压器工厂的地测试结果证明传感器的敏感是 0.133 pm/kPa，重覆性错误是 2.7% FS。在不同位置的光纤的压力传感器的数据维持一致、可重复，它能满足变压器弯屈的轴的力量的即时监视的要求。

关键词：光纤压力传感器光纤布拉格光栅变压器绕组轴向力材料设计封装工艺标定实验变压器厂

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