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Recent advances in Pt catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies fabrication for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4198-4221页

作者： Miao Ma li-Xiao Shen Jing liu {2. xu Yun-Long Zhang Lei Zhao Zhen-Bo Wang school of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China College of Environmental and Chemical engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Unipower Hydrogen Technology(Jiangsu)Corporation Changzhou 213176China

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been identified as a highly promising means of achieving sustainable energy conversion.A crucial factor in enhancing the performance of PEMFCs for further potential energy applications is the advancement in the field of catalyst engineering that has led to remarkable performance enhancement in facilitating the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Subsequently,it is important to acknowledge that the techniques used in preparation of membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs),the vital constituents of PEMFCs,also possess direct and critical influence on exhibiting the full catalytic activity of meticulously crafted ***,a succinct summary of the most recent advancements in Pt catalysts for ORR was offered and their underly catalytic mechanism were ***,both laboratory-scale and industrial-scale MEA fabrication techniques of Pt catalysts were ***,a detailed analysis of the connections between materials,process,and performance in MEA fabrication was presented in order to facilitate the development of optimal catalyst layers.

关键词： Pt catalysts Oxygen reduction reaction Membrane electrode assemblies MEA fabrication techniques

Valance electron structure of carbide-diamond interface and catalytic mechanism for diamond synthesis under high-pressure and high-temperature

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2006年第8期16卷 852-858页

作者： GONG Jianhong, xu bin, YIN Longwei, QI Yongxin, li li, SU Qingcai and li musen (school of materials Science and engineering, shandong university, jinan 2.0061, china Department of materials Science and engineering, shandong Institute of Architecture and Technology, jinan 2.0014, china shandong engineering and Technology Research Center of Super-hard materials, Zoucheng 2.3500, china) school of materials Science and {2. Shandong University Jinan 250061 China shandong engineering and Technology Research Center of Super-hard {2. Zoucheng 273500 China Department of materials Science and engineering Shandong Institute of Architecture and Technology Jinan 250014 China

The metallic films surrounding a synthetic diamond formed under high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) in the presence of Fe-based and Ni-based catalysts were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was showed that the carbide was the primary carbon source for the nucleation and growth of diamond. Based on the EET (empirical electron theory in solid and molecules) theory, the valence electron structure of interface between carbide (Fe3C, Ni3C, (Fe, Ni)3C) and diamond was calculated using the bonding length difference (BLD) method. The boundary criterion of Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Cheng (TFDC): "the electron density being equal on the contacting surfaces of atoms" was applied to analyze the valence structure of carbide-diamond interface. The result based on the calculation valance electron structure is in good accordance with the experimental result. This study is very helpful to reveal the catalytic mechanism of diamond nucleation and growth and design the new catalyst for diamond synthesis.

关键词： synthetic diamond carbide catalytic mechanism valence electron theory interface.

Expert consensus on the diagnosis and therapy of endo-periodontal lesions

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第3期16卷 381-389页

作者： bin Chen Yanan Zhu Minkui lin Yangheng Zhang Yanfen li Xiangying Ouyang Song Ge Jiang lin Yaping Pan Yan xu Yi Ding Shaohua Ge Faming Chen Zhongchen Song Shaoyun Jiang Jiang Sun lijun Luo Junqi ling Zhi Chen lin Yue xuedong Zhou Fuhua Yan Department of Periodontology Nanjing Stomatological HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolInstitute of StomatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Endodontics Nanjing Stomatological HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolInstitute of StomatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Clinical Research Center for Oral Tissue Deficiency Diseases of Fujian Province&Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&Fujian Provincial engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial School and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Periodontology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesBeijingChina school and Hospital of Stomatology Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina Department of Stomatology Beijing TongRen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Periodontics School and Hospital of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Periodontology The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Periodontics West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Periodontology School and Hospital of StomatologyShandong University&Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration&Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration&Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases JinanJinanChina State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of periodontologySchool of StomatologyThe Fou

Endo-periodontal lesions (EPLs) involve both the periodontium and pulp tissue and have complicated etiologies and pathogenic mechanisms,including unique anatomical and microbiological characteristics and multiple contributing *** etiological complexity leads to difficulties in determining patient prognosis,posing great challenges in clinical ***,EPL-affected teeth require multidisciplinary therapy,including periodontal therapy,endodontic therapy and others,but there is still much debate about the appropriate timing of periodontal therapy and root canal *** compiling the most recent findings on the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,diagnosis,therapy,and prognosis of EPL-affected teeth,this consensus sought to support clinicians in making the best possible treatment decisions based on both biological and clinical evidence.

关键词： diagnosis periodontal lesions

Microstructures of metallic film and diamond growth from Fe-Ni-C system

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第15期47卷 1258-1262页

作者： xu bin li {2. YIN Longwei CUI Jianjun liU Yuxian GONG Jianhong College of materials Science and engineering Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250061China Department of materials Science and engineering Shandong Institute of Architecture and Engineering

The microstructures of metallic film surrounding diamond have been systemically studied using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the atom force microscopy (AFM). The film can be divided into three layers (inner layer near diamond, external layer near graphite and middle layer). The graphite cannot be directly transformed into diamond in the film at HTHP: there exists a parallelrelationship between (111) of γ-(Fe,Ni) and (110) of Fe3C in the inner layer; the sawtooth-like step morphology found by AFM on the film is similar to that of corresponding diamond surface. A new model for diamond growth at HPHT is proposed from the parallel relationship and sawtooth-like step morphology. It is believed that Fe3C may be a transitional phase in the course of diamond growth, γ-(Fe,Ni) in the inner layer can absorb carbon atom groups with lamella structure from Fe3C, and then the carbon groups stack on growing diamond.

关键词： synthetic diamond high temperature and high pressure metallic film TEM AFM.

Efficient Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Divinyl Monomer by Phosphino-Phenolate Nickel Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第9期41卷 1037-1044页

作者： Fei Wang xu-ling Wang li Pan {2. Wang Yue-Sheng li Tianjin Key Lab of Composite&Functional materials School of Material Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Yantai UniversityYantaiShandong 264005China

Direct copolymerization of olefin with polar monomers via a coordination-insertion mechanism appears as the most efficient and at-tractive method to prepare functionalized ***,we carried out direct copolymerization of ethylene and allyl acrylate by a bulky phosphino-phenolate nickel catalyst,in which high-molecular-weight copolymers bearing polar five-membered and six-membered ring structures were *** NMR and FT-I R analyses revealed multiplex structure of the obtained copolymers,in which both the noncyclic structural units bearing pendant allyl moiety(A)as well as acrylate moiety(B)and the cyclic structural units,y-butyrolactones(C)andδ-valerolactone(D)were ***,the content of different structural units of the produced copolymer could be tuned by adjusting the concentration of the ***,we also proved that the nick-el-based catalyst could produce related copolymers with significantly enhanced copolymer molecular weights in the copolymeriza-tion of allyl acrylate and ethylene compared with the palladium-based catalyst under the same conditions.

关键词： Coordination and insertion Copolymerization Nickel Polar monomer Polyolefin

CEPC Technical Design Report

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed Xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai Yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan Bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci Xiao-Jun Bi Yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia Hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai Yuchen Cai Haiying Cai Huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance xuejun Chang Yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che Yuzhi Che bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen Hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen Jinhui Chen Ji-Yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen Xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen xun Chen xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen Yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen Cheng Huajie Cheng Shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng Yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu Xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui Xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi ling-Yun Dai Xinchen Dai xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH university of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui university HefeiAnhui Applied Physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu university Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul university Bandirma Beihang university Beijing Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Beijing Normal university Beijing Brown university ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad university Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo university Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central china Normal university WuhanHubei Central South university ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan china academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan china building materials academy Beijing china Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing china Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing china Jiliang {2. HangzhouZhejiang china Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing china university of Geosciences Beijing china university of Geosciences WuhanHubei china university of Mining and Technology XuzhouJiangsu china West Normal university NanchongSichuan Chongqing university Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn university Bangkok City university of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell university IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille Dalian Minzu university DalianLiaoning Dalian university of Technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP JINR) Dubna East china university Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by china,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2.15)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2.18),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2.30s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise

Experiments and insights of desalination by a freezing/thawing method at low subcooling

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2020年第12期28卷 3011-3017页

作者： Jun Chen Jianjian Wu Jiafeng xu Qing Yuan bin Deng Changzhong Chen Zhi li Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-PreciousMetals Compounds and Applications College of Chemistry&Biology and Environmental EngineeringXiangnanUniversityChenzhou 423000China Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China school of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular engineering QiLu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China

Desalination by freezing/thawing method was a very important method to obtain fresh water from *** this work,desalination by freezing/thawing method was conducted with initial sodium chloride of 3.5 wt% in consideration of stirring speed,freezing time and *** subcooling ranged from 1.2.K to 4 *** optimum conditions for desalination in this work were stirring speed of 2.0 r·min^−1,freezing time of 12. min,and subcooling of 3 *** results also showed that sodiumchloride cannot be effectively removed by once freezing/thawing *** maximumremoval efficiency of sodiumchloride was 64.3%.Two major reasons resulting in the impurity of obtained melted water by freezing/thawing method were *** first reason was the inevitable adhesion of salt solution to the surface of ice,which could be removed easily by distilled water *** second reason was that salt solution was heterogeneously wrapped in the accumulated ice,which was difficult to be removed by distilled water *** liquid flushing method was proposed to verify the conjecture,and the results were in accordance with the two reasons mentioned *** method,such as multiple flushing liquid method,was suggested to be used during the freezing/thawing process for effectively removing sodium chloride,and obtaining fresh water.

关键词： Desalination Ice Aqueous solution Separation Removal efficiency Mechanism

Interface Instability of Diamond Crystals at High Temperature and High Pressure

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Chinese Physics Letters 2002年第3期19卷 419-421页

作者： Yin Long-Wei li Mu-Sen xu bin Cui Jian-Jun Hao Zhao-Yin school of materials Science and {2. Shandong University and Ji'nan 250061 National Key Laboratory for Superhard materials Jilin University Changchun 130012

Diamond growth instability at high temperature and high pressure (HPHT) has been elucidated by observing the cellular interface in diamond crystals. The HPHT diamond crystals grow layer by layer from solution of carbon in the molten catalyst. In the growth of any other crystals from solution, the growth interface is not stable and should be of the greatest significance to understand further the diamond growth mechanism. During the diamond growth, the carbon atoms are delivered to the growing diamond crystal by diffusion through a diamond crystal-solution boundary layer. In front of the boundary layer, there is a narrow constitutional supercooling zone related to the solubility difference between diamond and graphite in the molten catalyst. The diamond growth stability is broken, and the flat or planar growth interface transforms into a cellular interface due to the light supercooling. The phenomenon of solute trails in the diamonds was observed, the formation of solute trails was closely associated with the cellular interface.

关键词： Diamonds

基于白光中子源的^(197)Au中子辐射俘获截面测量及共振参数分析

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物理学报 2024年第7期73卷 104-113页

作者：罗淏天张奇玮栾广源王晓宇邹翀任杰阮锡超贺国珠鲍杰孙琪黄翰雄王朝辉吴鸿毅顾旻皓余滔解立坤陈永浩安琪白怀勇鲍煜曹平陈昊磊陈琪萍陈裕凯陈朕崔增琪樊瑞睿封常青高可庆韩长材韩子杰何泳成洪杨黄蔚玲黄锡汝季筱璐吉旭阳蒋伟江浩雨姜智杰敬罕涛康玲康明涛李波李超李嘉雯李论李强李晓李样刘荣刘树彬刘星言穆奇丽宁常军齐斌斌任智洲宋英鹏宋朝晖孙虹孙康孙晓阳孙志嘉谭志新唐洪庆唐靖宇唐新懿田斌斌王丽娇王鹏程王琦王涛峰文杰温中伟吴青彪吴晓光吴煊羊奕伟易晗于莉于永积张国辉张林浩张显鹏张玉亮张志永赵豫斌周路平周祖英朱丹阳朱科军朱鹏朱兴华中国原子能科学研究院核数据重点实验室北京102413 中国科学院高能物理研究所北京100049 散裂中子源科学中心东莞523803 核探测与核电子学国家重点实验室北京100049 中国科学技术大学近代物理系核探测与核电子学国家重点实验室合肥230026 北京大学物理学院核物理与核技术国家重点实验室北京100871 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所绵阳621900 西北核技术研究院西安710024 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学技术大学工程与应用物理系合肥230026 北京航空航天大学物理学院北京100083 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司荣成264312

中子辐射俘获反应在反应堆运行、核装置设计及核天体物理研究中起重要的作用.4πBaF_(2.探测装置有着高时间分辨能力、低中子灵敏度、高探测效率等优点,适合开展中子辐射俘获反应截面数据的测量.中国原子能科学研究院核数据重点实验室... 详细信息

中子辐射俘获反应在反应堆运行、核装置设计及核天体物理研究中起重要的作用.4πBaF_(2.探测装置有着高时间分辨能力、低中子灵敏度、高探测效率等优点,适合开展中子辐射俘获反应截面数据的测量.中国原子能科学研究院核数据重点实验室建立了伽马全吸收装置(Gamma total absorption facility,GTAF),该装置用2.块六棱BaF_(2.晶体和12.五棱BaF_(2.晶体构成了外径2. cm,内径10 cm的球壳,覆盖了95.2.的立体角.利用GTAF在中国散裂中子源Back-n束线上,测量了197Au(n,γ)的反应截面数据.测量数据通过能量筛选、PSD方法、晶体多重性筛选进行了初步本底扣除,随后结合对^(nat)C及空样品的测量数据对本底进行了分析及扣除,获得了197Au俘获反应的产额,利用SAMMY程序拟合得到了^(197)Au在1—100 e V的共振能量、中子共振宽度和伽马共振宽度参数.实验测量结果与ENDF/B-VIII.0数据库符合良好,其共振参数存在一定差异,分析原因可能与GTAF能量分辨率、Back-n的中子能谱测量精度、以及实验本底扣除方法相关,这也是下一步工作的重点.

关键词：中子辐射俘获截面共振参数白光中子源伽马全吸收装置

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