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Contribution of biodiversity to ecosystem functioning:a non-equilibrium thermodynamic perspective

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Journal of Arid Land 2011年第1期3卷 71-74页

作者： Amit CHAKRABORTY B larry li Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of California XIEG-UCR International Center for Arid Land Ecology University of California

Ecosystem stays far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Through the interactions among biotic and abiotic components, and encompassing physical environments, ecosystem forms a dissipative struc- ture that allows it to dissipate energy continuously and thereby remains functional over time. Biotic regulation of energy and material fluxes in and out of the ecosystem allows it to maintain a homeostatic state which corresponds to a self-organized state emerged in a non-equilibrium thermodynamic system. While the associated self-organizational processes approach to homeostatic state, entropy （a measure of irre- versibility） degrades and dissipation of energy increases. We propose here that at a homeostatic state of ecosystem, biodiversity which includes both phenotypic and functional diversity, attains optimal values. As long as biodiversity remains within its optimal range, the corresponding homeostatic state is maintained. However, while embedded environmental conditions fluctuate along the gradient of accelerating changes, phenotypic diversity and functional diversity contribute inversely to the associated self-organizing proc- esses. Furthermore, an increase or decrease in biodiversity outside of its optimal range makes the eco- system vulnerable to transition into a different state.

关键词： ecosystem self-organization non-equilibrium thermodynamics functional diversity phenotypic diversity

Spatial organization of multiple plant species in arid ecosystems:linking patterns and processes

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第1期2卷 9-13页

作者： Amit CHAKRABORTY B.larry li Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of California Center for Conservation Biology University of California XIEG-UCR International Center for Arid Land Ecology University of California

Spatial organization of multiple plant species that appears as a non-random distribution of vegetative patches is one of the mostly observed spatial patterns in arid ecosystems. Yet understanding of ecological processes allowing this spatial pattern to emerge through interspecific interactions is still lacking. With a proposed conceptual model involving interspecific trade-offs between species competitive ability and colonization ability, we have argued that within patch abundance dynamics regulated by the mechanisms of competition are strongly influenced by the between patches colonization dynamics that are maintained via this trade-offs and it holds a positive, intraspecific occupancy-abundance relationship, in which increased patch occupancy increases species density within inhabiting patches. In a constant environment, while local abundance dynamics approach toward a stable equilibrium point, a fixed spatial arrangement of species can be retained through this coupled dynamics. However, in fluctuating environments where existence of such stable equilibriums is highly uncertain, it may involve continuous transitions from one community state to another as species re-organized themselves over space through the rapid changes in local species abundances. While some of the inhabiting patches are destroyed exogenously or endogenously, or species responses to increasing environmental fluctuations vary increasingly with time, discontinuous transitions into an abrupt, irreversible state of the community dynamics may occur, as with this effect the inherent positive relationship between occupancy and abundance of species is no longer maintained.

关键词： spatial organization competition-colonization tradeoffs spatial coexistence occupancy-abundance relationship

IPR, Trade, FDI, and Technology Transfer

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2014年第4期9卷 529-555页

作者： Tan li larry D. Qiu Faculty of Business and Economics The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

In this survey, we discuss how intellectual property rights （IPR） protection in the South affects trade flows, foreign direct investment （FDI） flows, and technology transfers from the North to the South. We also discuss optimal IPR policies and their effect on innovation. Our discussion covers both theoretical studies and empirical evidence. This survey is both comprehensive and critical. It aims to give readers the current state of IPR and globalization literature. Some issues have been studied more thoroughly, whereas for others the surface has only been scratched upon. This survey gives readers a clearer picture of the literature and may help them find future research topics.

关键词： IPR trade FDI technology transfer

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生态模型在河口管理中的应用研究综述

水科学进展 2015年第5期26卷 739-751页

作者：申霞 B.larry li 南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室江苏南京210029 Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory University of California at Riverside

河口作为河流和海洋的交汇地,具有生态交错带特性,其在自然和人类活动双重压力下发生着演变。生态模型是研究生态系统结构、功能及其时空演变规律以及生物过程对于生态系统的影响及其反馈机制的重要手段。采用不同方法对生态模型进行分... 详细信息

河口作为河流和海洋的交汇地,具有生态交错带特性,其在自然和人类活动双重压力下发生着演变。生态模型是研究生态系统结构、功能及其时空演变规律以及生物过程对于生态系统的影响及其反馈机制的重要手段。采用不同方法对生态模型进行分类,综述各类生态模型的特性、优缺点及应用领域。讨论建模过程中模型变量与函数、模型整合及时空尺度、模型参数取值及不确定等关键技术问题。分析各类生态模型在河口生态工程设计、生态系统修复、生态系统评价、系统决策支持等管理领域的应用。尽管中国河口生态模型构建及应用已有一些成果,但与国外相比,在理论生态学及数据积累方面仍有一定差距。

关键词：河口生态系统生态模型分类时空尺度人类活动海岸带综合管理

An International IPO Review with a Focus on China

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China & World Economy 2004年第6期12卷 74-85页

作者： larry li associate lecturer Department of Accounting Finance and Economics Griffith UniversityAustralia.

The inital public offering (IPO) aftermarket performance has received much attention inrecent years, and studies have mainly focused on two anomalies: initial underpricing andlong-term underperformance. This paper reviews the literature on IPO performance fromboth theoretical and empirical perspectives. Much attention has been given to the ChineseIPO market due to the severe initial underpricing and inconclusive long-term *** paper highlights some of the unique characteristics of Chinese IPOs. Based on theliterature, several explanations have been provided to explain the IPO phenomenon inChina.

关键词： IPO An International IPO Review with a Focus on China CSRC

Goldie Comes to South Africa

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英语大王 2004年第2期 22-24页

作者： larry li

现在,北京的天气非常冷了。晚上睡觉,Goldie不得不盖上厚厚的棉被。"天气真冷,明天上学可要多穿点衣服了。"Goldie想着想着就睡着了。她的想法被身下的魔毯知道了,于是……

关键词：钻石岛状硅酸盐矿物艾伦

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New Year Message

Journal of Arid Land 2012年第1期4卷 1-2页

作者： li larry

As we bid farewell to the memorable 2011, we usher in a year that is expected to witness more scientific and technological challenges, as well as significant social and environmental issues. In this time of hope and possibilities, I represent the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the editorial office of the Journal of Arid Land in extending sincere thanks and best wishes to all those who have supported us （our readers, contributors, editorial members, peer reviewers, and colleagues at Science Press） with constant innovative ideas and surpris;ing solutions.

关键词： USA New Year Message

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美国煤矿废弃地的生态修复

生态学报 2011年第1期31卷 276-285页

作者：张成梁 B.larry li 轻工业环境保护研究所北京100089 山西省林业科学研究院太原030012 University of California RiversideCA 92521-0124U.S.A.

在对美国煤矿废弃地生态修复项目实地考察的基础上,结合相关文献资料,介绍了其煤矿废弃地生态修复的管理体系、资金来源及使用\技术路线及保障措施。结合实例介绍了美国煤矿废弃地生态修复的工程措施,并重点介绍了"师法自然生态修复法"... 详细信息

在对美国煤矿废弃地生态修复项目实地考察的基础上,结合相关文献资料,介绍了其煤矿废弃地生态修复的管理体系、资金来源及使用\技术路线及保障措施。结合实例介绍了美国煤矿废弃地生态修复的工程措施,并重点介绍了"师法自然生态修复法"的新理念及其指导下的生态修复设计和生态修复工程建设。"师法自然生态修复法"是基于地形、地貌、水文、气象、气候等条件,模拟自然的生态修复过程。"师法自然生态修复法"将会对我国的生态修复产生积极而深远的影响。

关键词： “师法自然生态修复法” 废弃地煤矸石

Cascade effects of crop species richness on the diversity of pest insects and their natural enemies

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Science China(life Sciences) 2014年第7期57卷 718-725页

作者： SHI PeiJian HUI Cang MEN XingYuan ZHAO ZiHua OUYANG Fang GE Feng JIN XianShi CAO HaiFeng li B.larry State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries Ministry of AgricultureYellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and ZoologyStellenbosch University Institute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory University of California

Understanding how plant species richness influences the diversity of herbivorous and predatory/parasitic arthropods is central to community *** explore the effects of crop species richness on the diversity of pest insects and their natural *** data from a four-year experiment with five levels of crop species richness,we found that crop species richness significantly affected the pest species richness,but there were no significant effects on richness of the pests’natural *** contrast,the species richness of pest insects significantly affected their natural *** findings suggest a cascade effect where trophic interactions are strong between adjacent trophic levels,while the interactions between connected but nonadjacent trophic levels are weakened by the intermediate trophic *** crop species richness resulted in a more stable arthropod community compared with communities in monoculture *** results highlight the complicated cross-trophic interactions and the crucial role of crop diversity in the food webs of agro-ecosystems.

关键词： trophic level stability generalized additive model monoculture polyculture