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Effects of Structural Changes in Subchondral Bone on Articular Cartilage in a Beagle Dog Model

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期30卷 194-203页

作者： YAN Dong liU Tong Xi liU Bao Yue WANG ling QIAN Zhan Hua cheng Xiao Guang li kun cheng Department of Radiology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Department of Radiology Beijing Jishuitan HospitalFourth Clinical Hospital of Peking University Health ScienceCenterBeijing 100035China Department of Pathology Beijing Jishuitan HospitalFourth Clinical Hospital of Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100035China

Objective Using MR T2-mapping and histopathologic score for articular cartilage to evaluate the effect of structural changes in subchondral bone on articular cartilage. Methods Twenty-four male Beagle dogs were randomly divided into a subchondral bone defect group （n = 12） and a bone cement group （n = 12）. Models of subchondral bone defectin the medial tibial plateau and subchondral bone filled with bone cement were constructed. In all dogs, the left knee joint was used as the experimental sideand the right knee as the sham side. The T2 value for articular cartilage at the medial tibial plateau was measured at postoperative weeks 4, 8, 16, and 24. The articular cartilage specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and evaluated using the Mankin score. Results There was a statistically significant difference （P 〈 0.05） in Mankin score between the bone defect group and the cement group at postoperative weeks 16 and 24. There was a statistically significant difference in the T2 values between the bone defect group and its sham group （P 〈 0.05） from week 8, and between the cement group and its sham group （P 〈 0.05） from week 16. There was significant difference in T2 values between the two experimental groups at postoperative week 24 （P 〈 0.01）. The T2 value for articular cartilage was positively correlated with the Mankin score （ρ = 0.758, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Structural changes in subchondral bone can lead to degeneration of the adjacent articular cartilage. Defects in subchondral bone cause more severe degeneration of cartilage than subchondral bone filled with cement. The T2 value for articular cartilage increases with the extent of degeneration. MR T2-mapping images and the T2 value for articular cartilage can indicate earlycartilage degeneration.

关键词： MR T2-mapping Subchondral bone Articular cartilage Degeneration

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Primary study on imaging in transient ischemic attacks

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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第21期118卷 1812-1816页

作者： LU Jie li kun-cheng HUA Yang Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100053 China

Background Although transient ischemic attacks （TIA） is a clinical diagnosis, imaging findings are important for its diagnosis and treatment. This study evaluated the value and limitations of conventional CT, CT cerebral perfusion imaging and transcranial Doppler sonography （TCD） in patients with TIA. Methods Conventional CT, CT cerebral perfusion imaging and TCD were performed in 20 patients with TIA. After regular CT examination, d-0-second dynamic scans were performed on selected slice, while 40 ml of nonionic contrast materials was bolus-injected through antecubital vein with power injector. These dynamic images were processed with the perfusion software package on workstation. Cerebral blood flow （CBF） and time to peak （3~FP） were measured in specific regions of the brain. TCD was also performed in 20 patients with TIA. Comparative analysis was made on the basis of the results of conventional CT, CT cerebral perfusion imaging and *** In the 20 patients with TIA, conventional CT turned out to be normal. However, persisting abnormal perfusion changes corresponding to clinical symptoms were found in 13 cases with the prolonged TFP. The other 7 cases were normal. TFP of the affected side （ 11.6 ± 3.0） s was significantly prolonged （ t =4. 782 ,P 〈0. 01 ） in comparison with the contralateral side （8.8 ± 1.5 ） s. The difference in CBF was not statistically significant （t = 1. 912, P =0. 073） between the affected side [ （223.9 ±19.6） ml ·min^-1 ·L^-1 ] and the contralateral side [ （227.7 ± 19. 8） ml · min^-1· L^-1 ] . TCD revealed severe stenosis or occlusion of the carotid artery in 10 patients, arteriosclerosis in 6 patients, blood speed decrease in 2 patients, vasospasm in 1 patient. Conclusions Conventional CT can exclude intracerebral diseases. Perfusion CT provides valuable hemodynamic information and shows the extent of perfusion disturbances. TCD can demonstrate abnormalities of the involved arteries in patients with TIA. The combination of these three

关键词： transient ischemic attacks computerized tomography perfusion transcranial Doppler sonography

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Intracranial malignant meningioma with cerebrospinal fluid dissemination： a case report

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第10期124卷 1597-1599页

作者： PENG Jing liANG Zhi-gang li kun-cheng Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital of Capital MedicalUniversity Beijing 100053 China

Malignant meningiomas are uncommon intracranial tumors. The metastasis of malignant meningiomas to distant extracranial sites are well known. However, dissemination of the tumours in the cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） is rare and few cases have been reported. We present a case of histologically proven malignant meningioma with CSF dissemination at the remote intracranial area and into the spinal canal detected with maqnetic resonance imaging.

关键词： malignant meningioma magnetic resonance imaging cerebrospinal fluid metastasis leptomeningeal

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Assessment of the right and left ventricular function in patients with cor pulmonale using high-definition CT

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第19期126卷 3639-3644页

作者： GAO Yan QIN Jian DU Xiang-ying YANG Jing li kun-cheng Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital of Capital MedicalUniversity Beijing 100053 China

Background Cor pulmonale is often associated with changes of structure and function of the right ventricle （RV） and thus further affects functional changes of the left *** study aimed to assess the left ventricular （LV） and RV function in patients with cor pulmonale using high-definition CT （HDCT）.Methods We prospectively studied 18 cor pulmonale patients determined by the pulmonary function test,clinical examination,chest radiograph,electrocardiogram,and *** subject group was compared to a control group consisting of 18 *** RV and LV functions and RV myocardial mass （MM） were obtained by HDCT in the two *** results were compared between the two groups using the independent sample t *** examination for cardiac function analysis was performed on the same *** The RV end-diastolic volume （EDV）,RV end-systolic volume （ESV） and RV myocardial mass were significantly larger in the 18 cor pulmonale patients than in the control group （P〈0.05）.The right ventricular ejection fraction （RVEF） was significantly lower in the 18 cor pulmonale patients than in controls （P〈0.01）.The left ventricular EDV （LVEDV） and LVEF were significantly lower in cor pulmonale patients than in controls （P〈0.01）.There were strong correlations between MDCT and echocardiography,rRVEF=0.839 and rLVEF=0.916,*** HDCT can accurately quantify RV and LV *** right ventricular function is impaired in patients with cor pulmonale,while at the same time the left ventricular function is also impaired.

关键词： cor pulmonale ventricular function high-definition CT myocardial mass

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Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors： magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy evaluation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第20期122卷 2433-2437页

作者： YU Ai-hong CHEN li li Yong-jie ZHANG Guo-jun li kun-cheng WANG Yu-ping Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Pathology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China

Background Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor （DNT） is a rare benign neoplasm of the central nervous system affecting young people. A correct preoperative diagnosis is helpful for planning surgical strategies and improving prognosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize DNTs using magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） and magnetic resonance spectroscopy （MRS） and to analyze the value of these two techniques in the diagnosis of DNTs. Methods MR images of 13 patients with DNTs were reviewed retrospectively; and five of the patients also underwent MRS. Tumors were confirmed by surgery. The distribution, extension and signal features of the lesions were assessed, and the MRS results were analyzed. Results All tumors were supratentorial. The cortex was the main area involved, with nine tumors located in the temporal lobe, three in the frontal lobe, and one on the boundary between the temporal and occipital lobes. All cases had decreased signal intensity on Tl-weighted MR images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. On fluid attenuated inversion recovery weighted images, the hyperintense ＂ring sign＂ and internal septation of the lesion were seen in 9 cases. Eight tumors had well-demarcated borders. Peritumoral edema or mass effect was absent in all cases. A contrast enhancement examination was performed in 9 cases. Contrast enhancement was absent in five cases, and four cases showed significant enhancement. The MRS showed a low N-acetylaspartate peak and a lack of elevated choline-containing component （Cho） or Cho-Cr ratio （Cho/Cr） in five patients. Conclusions The MRI findings of DNTs were stereotypical. The combination of MRI and MRS techniques were helpful in making a correct presurgical diagnosis.

关键词： epilepsy dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor magnetic resonance imaging magnetic resonance spectroscopy

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缺血性脑卒中的影像学研究

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中国医学影像技术 2009年第2期25卷 322-325页

作者：李坤成首都医科大学宣武医院医学影像学部放射科北京100053

我国脑卒中的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,发病年龄也趋于年轻化,所造成的直接和间接社会经济负担每年高达200亿人民币,其中以缺血性脑卒中最为多见,占75%～90%。尽管缺血性脑卒中多为非致命性.但病残率极高,故一直是世界医学领域的重大研究... 详细信息

我国脑卒中的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,发病年龄也趋于年轻化,所造成的直接和间接社会经济负担每年高达200亿人民币,其中以缺血性脑卒中最为多见,占75%～90%。尽管缺血性脑卒中多为非致命性.但病残率极高,故一直是世界医学领域的重大研究课题之一。近年来神经影像学飞速发展，尤其是多种功能成像，不仅能显示形态学变化，而且能提供脑血流、代谢等方面的信息，对缺血性脑卒中的诊断和治疗具有重要作用。本文对缺血性脑卒中的影像诊断做一介绍。

关键词：缺血性脑卒中神经影像学社会经济负担影像诊断形态学变化发病年龄非致命性医学领域

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Diffusion tensor imaging in medial temporal lobe epilepsy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第15期119卷 1237-1241页

作者： YU Ai-hong li kun-cheng YU Chun-shui WANG Yu-ping XUE Su-fang Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100053 China Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100053 China

Background Diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） is a noninvasive imaging technique for the assessment of the integrity of cerebral tissues. This study was undertaken to assess the changes of diffusion indices of hippocampal formation （HF） in patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy （MTLE）. Methods Fourteen patients with MTLE and 14 healthy subjects were evaluated. Mean diffusivity （MD） and fractional anisotropy （FA） from the symmetrical-voxel sampling regions of the anterior HF were calculated in all subjects. The MD and FA values were compared across the groups. Results No significant differences of MD and FA values were noted between right and left HF in the controls. In the patient group, MD significantly increased in the HF ipsilateral to the lesioned side [（9.27±1.09）×10^-4 mm^2/s], compared with the values in the contralateral HF [（8.20±0.59）×10^-4 min^2]s] （t = 4.479, P = 0.001） and healthy subjects [（7.58±0.51）×10^-4 mm^2/s] （P 〈 0.001）, but no significant differences were found in FA. When compared with the controls, patients had a significantly higher MD in the contralateral HF （P 〈 0.05）, but the difference in FA was not statistically significant. Conclusions DTI could detect hippocampal abnormality in patients with MTLE. This technique may be helpful for preoperative evaluation of such patients.

关键词： diffusion tensor imaging epilepsy temporal lobe

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lipid signal in evaluation of intracranial meningiomas

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第23期121卷 2415-2419页

作者： QI Zhi-gang li Yu-xin WANG Yan GENG Dao-yin li kun-cheng SHEN Tian-zhen CHEN Xin-rong Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Radiology Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China Department of Pathology Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China

Background Using magnetic resonance imaging, diagnosis of malignant meningioma from benign meningioma with atypical features is uncertain. We evaluated the value of lipid signal in differentiating intracranial meningiomas. Methods ^1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy （MRS） using a point resolved spectroscopy （TR/TE 1000/144 ms） sequences were performed on 34 patients on a 3.0 T scanner. lipid peak located at 1.3 ppm was evaluated. MRS data from these tumours were compared with histopathological findings （including hematoxylin and eosin staining and KP-1 staining）. Results Twenty-nine meningiomas were histologically benign （eleven meningothelial, thirteen fibrous, four transitional and one microcystic）, three were atypical, and two were anaplastic. lipid signal was detected in ten cases： two anaplastic three atypical, two fibrous and three rneningothelial meningiomas. All voxels with lipid peak in the spectrum from the tumour were evaluated. With creatinine peak in the normal white matter chosen as internal standard, lipid/creatinine ratios of anaplastic, atypical and benign meningiomas were 0.844±0.027 （range from 0.725 to 0.994）, 0.465±0.023 （range from 0.239 to 0.724）, and 0.373±0.016 （range from 0.172 to 0.571） respectively. Highly significant differences were noted between anaplastic and the other two subtypes. Patchy necrosis was observed in anaplastic meningioma, while focal necrosis was noted in atypical meningioma with HE stain. However, no necrosis was found in benign group. KP-1 stain demonstrated histocytes containing lipids in the necrotic region of anaplastic and atypical meningioma. Conclusion The lipid signal at 1.3 ppm is a useful marker in evaluating the malignancy of intracranial meningiomas, especially in the differential diagnosis of anaplastic meningioma.

关键词： meningioma magnetic resonance spectroscopy lipid diagnosis

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深入开展心脏MR技术研究扩大临床应用范围

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中华放射学杂志 2010年第9期44卷 901-902页

作者：李坤成首都医科大学宣武医院放射科北京100053

MRI以其无创伤、无射线辐射伤害、高软组织对比度和获取的信息量大而著称，可用于各系统疾病和全身各个部位的检查，尤其对许多中枢神经系统疾病而言，其临床应用价值得到公认，已经成为“确证性”影像学检查手段。在本世纪初，伴随MR... 详细信息

MRI以其无创伤、无射线辐射伤害、高软组织对比度和获取的信息量大而著称，可用于各系统疾病和全身各个部位的检查，尤其对许多中枢神经系统疾病而言，其临床应用价值得到公认，已经成为“确证性”影像学检查手段。在本世纪初，伴随MR技术的飞跃发展，MR的心脏大血管检查能力得到显著提高，一次心脏大血管检查，可获得心脏解剖形态、

关键词：心脏大血管临床应用价值 MR技术中枢神经系统疾病检查手段组织对比度射线辐射解剖形态

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正确认识64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像的临床价值

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中华放射学杂志 2007年第10期41卷 1009-1010页

作者：李坤成首都医科大学宣武医院放射科北京100053

我国于2005年初与国际同步引进64层螺旋CT（multi-slice spiral CT，MSCT），在短短2年内设备装机量已达数十台。由于64层MSCT在冠状动脉成像方面取得技术性突破，国内外学者都开展了本专题的实验和临床应用研究，但是还有一些问题有待... 详细信息

我国于2005年初与国际同步引进64层螺旋CT（multi-slice spiral CT，MSCT），在短短2年内设备装机量已达数十台。由于64层MSCT在冠状动脉成像方面取得技术性突破，国内外学者都开展了本专题的实验和临床应用研究，但是还有一些问题有待于解决。

关键词：冠状动脉成像螺旋CT 临床价值 MSCT 临床应用装机量国内外

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