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Transcriptomics and physiological analyses reveal that sulfur alleviates mercury toxicity in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 10-25页

作者： Yingmei Huang jicai Yi Xiaomin li Fangbai li National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and ManagementInstitute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of life Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China SCNU Environmental Research Institute Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety&MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of EnvironmentSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Mercury(Hg)is one of the most dangerous contaminants and has sparked global concern since it poses a health risk to humans when consumed through rice.Sulfur(S)is a crucial component for plant growth,and S may reduce Hg accumulation in rice grains.However,the detailed effects of S and the mechanisms underlying S-mediated responses in Hg-stressed rice plants remain unclear.Currently,to investigate the effects of S addition on rice growth,Hg accumulation,physiological indexes,and gene expression profiles,rice seedlings were hydroponically treated with Hg(20μmol/L Hg Cl_(2))and Hg plus elemental sulfur(100 mg/L).S application significantly reduced Hg accumulation in Hg-stressed rice roots and alleviated the inhibitory effects of Hg on rice growth.S addition significantly reduced Hg-induced reactive oxygen species generation,membrane lipid peroxidation levels,and activities of antioxidant enzymes while increasing glutathione content in leaves.Transcriptomic analysis of roots identified 3,411,2,730,and 581 differentially expressed genes in the control(CK)vs.Hg,CK vs.Hg+S,and Hg vs.Hg+S datasets,respectively.The pathway of S-mediated biological metabolism fell into six groups:biosynthesis and metabolism,expression regulation,transport,stimulus response,oxidation reduction,and cell wall biogenesis.The majority of biological process-related genes were upregulated under Hg stress compared with CK treatment,but downregulated in the Hg+S treatment.The results provide transcriptomic and physiological evidence that S may be critical for plant Hg stress resistance and will help to develop strategies for reduction or phytoremediation of Hg contamination.

关键词： Sulfur Mercury Transcriptomics Detoxification

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High-performance and robust high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes with moderate microphase separation by implementation of terphenyl-based polymers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 572-578页

作者： Jinyuan li Congrong Yang Haojiang lin jicai Huang Suli Wang Gongquan Sun Division of Fuel Cells and Battery Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of Fuel Cells&Hybrid Power Sources Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Acid loss and plasticization of phosphoric acid(PA)-doped high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes(HT-PEMs)are critical limitations to their practical application in fuel cells.To overcome these barriers,poly(terphenyl piperidinium)s constructed from the m-and p-isomers of terphenyl were synthesized to regulate the microstructure of the membrane.Highly rigid p-terphenyl units prompt the formation of moderate PA aggregates,where the ion-pair interaction between piperidinium and biphosphate is reinforced,leading to a reduction in the plasticizing effect.As a result,there are trade-offs between the proton conductivity,mechanical strength,and PA retention of the membranes with varied m/p-isomer ratios.The designed PA-doped PTP-20m membrane exhibits superior ionic conductivity,good mechanical strength,and excellent PA retention over a wide range of temperature(80–160°C)as well as satisfactory resistance to harsh accelerated aging tests.As a result,the membrane presents a desirable combination of performance(1.462 W cm^(-2) under the H_(2)/O_(2)condition,which is 1.5 times higher than that of PBI-based membrane)and durability(300 h at 160°C and 0.2 A cm^(-2))in the fuel cell.The results of this study provide new insights that will guide molecular design from the perspective of microstructure to improve the performance and robustness of HT-PEMs.

关键词： Fuel cell High-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes Microphase separation Poly(terphenyl piperidinium)s Phosphoric acid

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Research on the Icing Diagnosis ofWind Turbine Blades Based on FS–XGBoost–EWMA

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Energy Engineering 2024年第7期121卷 1739-1758页

作者： jicai Guo Xiaowen Song Chang liu Yanfeng Zhang Shijie Guo JianxinWu Chang Cai Qing’an li College of Mechanical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010051China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Special Service Intelligent Robotics Hohhot010051China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

In winter,wind turbines are susceptible to blade icing,which results in a series of energy losses and safe operation problems.Therefore,blade icing detection has become a top priority.Conventional methods primarily rely on sensor monitoring,which is expensive and has limited applications.Data-driven blade icing detection methods have become feasible with the development of artificial intelligence.However,the data-driven method is plagued by limited training samples and icing samples;therefore,this paper proposes an icing warning strategy based on the combination of feature selection(FS),eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)algorithm,and exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA)analysis.In the training phase,FS is performed using correlation analysis to eliminate redundant features,and the XGBoost algorithm is applied to learn the hidden effective information in supervisory control and data acquisition analysis(SCADA)data to build a normal behavior model.In the online monitoring phase,an EWMA analysis is introduced to monitor the abnormal changes in features.A blade icing warning is issued when themonitored features continuously exceed the control limit,and the ambient temperature is below 0℃.This study uses data fromthree icing-affected wind turbines and one normally operating wind turbine for validation.The experimental results reveal that the strategy can promptly predict the icing trend among wind turbines and stably monitor the normally operating wind turbines.

关键词： Wind turbine blade icing feature selection XGBoost EWMA

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Image recognition and empirical application of desert plant species based on convolutional neural network

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第12期14卷 1440-1455页

作者： li jicai SUN Shiding JIANG Haoran TIAN Yingjie XU Xiaoliang School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

In recent years,deep convolution neural network has exhibited excellent performance in computer vision and has a far-reaching impact.Traditional plant taxonomic identification requires high expertise,which is time-consuming.Most nature reserves have problems such as incomplete species surveys,inaccurate taxonomic identification,and untimely updating of status data.Simple and accurate recognition of plant images can be achieved by applying convolutional neural network technology to explore the best network model.Taking 24 typical desert plant species that are widely distributed in the nature reserves in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as the research objects,this study established an image database and select the optimal network model for the image recognition of desert plant species to provide decision support for fine management in the nature reserves in Xinjiang,such as species investigation and monitoring,by using deep learning.Since desert plant species were not included in the public dataset,the images used in this study were mainly obtained through field shooting and downloaded from the Plant Photo Bank of China(PPBC).After the sorting process and statistical analysis,a total of 2331 plant images were finally collected(2071 images from field collection and 260 images from the PPBC),including 24 plant species belonging to 14 families and 22 genera.A large number of numerical experiments were also carried out to compare a series of 37 convolutional neural network models with good performance,from different perspectives,to find the optimal network model that is most suitable for the image recognition of desert plant species in Xinjiang.The results revealed 24 models with a recognition Accuracy,of greater than 70.000%.Among which,Residual Network X_8GF(RegNetX_8GF)performs the best,with Accuracy,Precision,Recall,and F1(which refers to the harmonic mean of the Precision and Recall values)values of 78.33%,77.65%,69.55%,and 71.26%,respectively.Considering the demand factors of hardware equipment and infe

关键词： desert plants image recognition deep learning convolutional neural network Residual Network X_8GF(RegNetX_8GF) Mobile Network V2(MobileNetV2) nature reserves

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成渝地区双城经济圈高铁网络通达性的溢出效应

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热带地理 2024年第5期44卷 804-819页

作者：李欣潼戴技才重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院重庆401331 重庆师范大学地理信息系统应用研究重庆市高校重点实验室重庆401331 重庆师范大学三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室重庆401331

成渝地区双城经济圈高铁网络增强了城市间通达性,对社会经济发展产生溢出效应。文章从高铁网络通达性切入,采用最短出行时间、加权平均出行时间、日常通达性指数、引力模型和空间杜宾模型分析高铁网络通达格局演化与其产生的溢出效应。... 详细信息

成渝地区双城经济圈高铁网络增强了城市间通达性,对社会经济发展产生溢出效应。文章从高铁网络通达性切入,采用最短出行时间、加权平均出行时间、日常通达性指数、引力模型和空间杜宾模型分析高铁网络通达格局演化与其产生的溢出效应。研究表明:1)高铁网络提高城市通达性水平,缩小城市间通达水平差距,弱化圈层结构,推动区域一体化发展;2)高铁网络产生显著的时空收敛效应,核心与边缘城市的时空收敛效应表现为不同模式,边缘城市2 h等时圈面积变化更显著;3)高铁网络通达性提高使区域经济联系强化,非核心城市吸引力水平差距减小,但各要素趋向核心城市聚集,双核现象增强;4)邻地高铁网络通达性提高会促进本地第三产业经济发展,产生溢出效应;邻地第三产业经济水平提高会抑制本地的发展,呈现虹吸效应,说明成渝地区发展处于虹吸阶段。

关键词：高铁网络通达性溢出效应空间杜宾模型成渝地区双城经济圈

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Cu-Cu low-temperature diffusion bonding by spark plasma sintering:Void closure mechanism and mechanical properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第8期139卷 210-223页

作者： Wendi li Yuxin liang Yang Bai Tiesong lin Bangsheng li jicai Feng School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

In this study,combining the single point diamond turning(SPDT)and spark plasma sintering(SPS),we achieved high-strength diffusion bonding of copper at an ultra-low temperature of 202℃(0.35 T_(m),T_(m):absolute temperature of the melting point).Additionally,the closure mechanism of interfacial micro-and nano-voids during the Cu-Cu SPS diffusion bonding is systematically revealed for the first time.For micro-voids,the pulsed current is found to induce additional diffusion flux and plastic deformation,thereby facilitating the void closure.Molecular dynamics(MD)simulation revealed that at the atomic scale,high-energy Cu atoms induced by the pulsed current can significantly promote the diffusion of low-energy atoms in their vicinity and accelerate the void closure.This study also proposes a novel“evaporation-deposition”nano-void closure mechanism for the previously unstudied nano-void closure process.The results show that the synergistic effect of the pulsed current and nanoscale surface rough-ness can significantly improve joint strength.At a low temperature of 405℃(0.5 T_(m)),on combining the computerized numerical control(CNC)turning and SPS diffusion bonding,the joint strength can reach 212 MPa,while that for the joint obtained by traditional hot pressing diffusion bonding at the same tem-perature is only 47 MPa.We obtained an ultra-high joint strength of 271 MPa using the combined process of SPDT and SPS diffusion bonding at an ultra-low temperature of 202℃(0.35 T_(m)),which is approximately 600℃ lower than the traditional diffusion bonding process temperature of 800℃(0.79 T_(m)).To sum up,this study provides a novel method and theoretical support for realizing low-temperature high-strength diffusion bonding.

关键词： Spark plasma sintering Diffusion bonding Void closure mechanism Mechanical property Molecular dynamics

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Petroleum coke as reductant in co-reduction of low-grade laterite ore and red mud to prepare ferronickel: Reductant and reduction effects

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第3期29卷 455-463页

作者： Xiaoshuang Guo Zhengyao li jicai Han Dong Yang Tichang Sun School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Zijin(XiamenEngineering Co. Ltd.Xiamen 361000China

Petroleum coke is industrial solid wastes and its disposal and storage has been a great challenge to the environment. In this study, petroleum coke was utilized as a novel co-reduction reductant of low-grade laterite ore and red mud. A ferronickel product of 1.98wt% nickel and 87.98wt% iron was obtained with 20wt% petroleum coke, when the roasting temperature and time was 1250°C and 60 min, respectively. The corresponding recoveries of nickel and total iron were 99.54wt% and 95.59wt%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dis- persive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) analysis showed metallic nickel and iron mainly existed in the form of ferronickel particles which distrib- uted uniformly at a size of approximately 30 μm with high purity. This study demonstrated that petroleum coke is a promising reductant in the co-reduction of laterite ore and red mud. Compared to other alternatives, petroleum coke is advantageous with reduced production cost and high applicability in anthracite-deficient areas.

关键词： petroleum coke ferronickel co-reduction solid waste utilization

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Optimal Design and Mechanical Simulation of Rubber bushing with Convex Hull Structure Based on Bionics

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第5期20卷 2018-2029页

作者： Ce liang Min li jicai liang Shaoqiang Wang Qigang Han Yi li Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Educationand College of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130025China Roll Forging Research Institute Jilin UniversityChangchun130025China School of Computer Science and Technology Changchun UniversityChangchun130022China

Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in the suppression of vibration.The convex hull structure on the bushing surface is abstracted from the cat’s claw pad,and the hyper-viscoelastic model is selected as the constitutive model of the rubber material.In addition,the design with the best vibration damping effect is finally obtained by reasonably adjusting the amount of radial compression and distribution of bionic structures.Finally,under the same conditions,the test results of the dynamic characteristics of the bushing verify the accuracy of the simulation results.Research results show that the convex hull bionic structure designed in this paper can effectively change the motion characteristics of the rubber bushing under various working conditions,which provides new inspiration or potential possibility for the design of rubber bushing in the future.

关键词： Rubber bushing Bionic design Finite element analysis Vibration isolator Radial compression

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Generation of low-cadmium rice germplasms via knockout of OsLCD using CRISPR/Cas9

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 138-152页

作者： Huamei Chen Rong Ye Ying liang Shuchang Zhang Xiulian liu Chongjun Sun Fangbai li jicai Yi College of life Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

The OsLCD gene,which has been implicated in cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice,might be a useful target for CRISPR/Cas9 editing.However,the effects of Os LCD gene editing on Cd accumulation,plant growth,and yield traits remain unknown.Here,we used CRISPR/Cas9to generate oslcd single mutants from indica and japonica rice cultivars.We also generated osnramp5 single mutants and oslcd osnramp5 double mutants in the indica background.When grown in Cd-contaminated paddy soils,all oslcd single mutants accumulated less Cd than the wild types (WTs).Consistent with this,oslcd single mutants grown in Cd-contaminated hydroponic culture accumulated significantly less Cd in the shoots as compared to WTs.This decrease in accumulation probably resulted from the reduction of Cd translocation under Cd stress.Oxidative damage also decreased,and plant growth increased in all oslcd single mutant seedlings as compared to WTs in the presence of Cd.Plant growth and most yield traits,as well essential element concentrations in rice seedling shoots,brown rice,and rice straw,were similar between oslcd single mutants and WTs.In the presence of Cd,Cd concentrations in the brown rice and shoots of oslcd osnramp5 double mutants were significantly decreased compared with WTs as well as osnramp single mutants.Our results suggested that OsL CD knockout may reduce Cd accumulation alone or in combination with other knockout mutations in a variety of rice genotypes;unlike Os Nramp5 mutations,Os LCD knockout did not reduce essential element contents.Therefore,Os LCD knockout might be used to generate low-Cd rice germplasms.

关键词： Cadmium Rice OsLCD Crispr/Cas9 editing

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Comparative transcriptomics provide new insights into the mechanisms by which foliar silicon alleviates the effects of cadmium exposure in rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 294-307页

作者： Chongjun Sun Xiaoyu liang Xiaomei Gong Huamei Chen Xiulian liu Shuchang Zhang Fangbai li Junliang Zhao jicai Yi College of life Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology Guangzhou 510650China Rice Research Institute and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Silicon(Si)has been shown to alleviate Cd stress in rice.Here,we investigated the beneficial effects of foliar Si in an indica rice Huanghuazhan(HHZ).Our results showed that foliar Si in-creases the dry weight and decreases Cd translocation in Cd-exposed rice at the grain-filling stage only,implying that the filling stage is critical for foliar Si to reduce Cd accumulation.We also investigated the transcriptomics in flag leaves(FLs),spikelets(SPs),and node Is(NIs)of Cd-exposed HHZ after foliar Si application at the filling stage.Importantly,the gene expression profiles associated with the Si-mediated alleviation of Cd stress were tissue spe-cific,while shared pathways were mediated by Si in Cd-exposed rice tissues.Furthermore,after the Si treatment of Cd-exposed rice,the ATP-binding cassette(ABC)-transporters were mostly upregulated in FL and SP,while the bivalent cation transporters were mostly down-regulated in FL and NI,possibly helping to reduce Cd accumulation.The genes associated with essential nutrient transporters,carbohydrate and secondary metabolite biosynthesis,and cytochrome oxidase activity were mostly upregulated in Cd-exposed FL and SP,which may help to alleviate oxidative stress and improve plant growth under Cd exposure.Inter-estingly,genes responsible for signal transduction were negatively regulated in FL,but pos-itively regulated in SP,by foliar Si.Our results provide transcriptomic evidence that foliar Si plays an active role in alleviating the effects of Cd exposure in rice.In particular,foliar Si may alter the expression pattern of genes associated with transport,biosynthesis and metabolism,and oxidation reduction.

关键词： Rice Transcriptomics Foliar silicon Cadmium exposure

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