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Sensitivity of Near Real-time MODIS Gross Primary Productivity in Terrestrial Forests Based on Eddy Covariance Measurements

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Chinese Geographical Science 2015年第5期25卷 537-548页

作者： TANG Xuguang li hengpeng liU Guihua li Xinyan YAO li XIE Jing CHANG Shouzhi Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research (Jiangxi Normal University) Ministry of Education Department of Geography University of Zurich Jilin University College of Geo Exploration Science and Technology

As an important product of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS), MOD17A2 provides dramatic improvements in our ability to accurately and continuously monitor global terrestrial primary production, which is also significant in effort to advance scientific research and eco-environmental management. Over the past decades, forests have moderated climate change by sequestrating about one-quarter of the carbon emitted by human activities through fossil fuels burning and land use/land cover change. Thus, the carbon uptake by forests reduces the rate at which carbon accumulates in the atmosphere. However, the sensitivity of near real-time MODIS gross primary productivity(GPP) product is directly constrained by uncertainties in the modeling process, especially in complicated forest ecosystems. Although there have been plenty of studies to verify MODIS GPP with ground-based measurements using the eddy covariance(EC) technique, few have comprehensively validated the performance of MODIS estimates(Collection 5) across diverse forest types. Therefore, the present study examined the degree of correspondence between MODIS-derived GPP and EC-measured GPP at seasonal and interannual time scales for the main forest ecosystems, including evergreen broadleaf forest(EBF), evergreen needleleaf forest(ENF), deciduous broadleaf forest(DBF), and mixed forest(MF) relying on 16 flux towers with a total of 68 site-year datasets. Overall, site-specific evaluation of multi-year mean annual GPP estimates indicates that the current MOD17A2 product works highly effectively for MF and DBF, moderately effectively for ENF, and ineffectively for EBF. Except for tropical forest, MODIS estimates could capture the broad trends of GPP at 8-day time scale for all other sites surveyed. On the annual time scale, the best performance was observed in MF, followed by ENF, DBF, and EBF. Trend analyses also revealed the poor performance of MODIS GPP product in EBF and DBF. Thus, improvements in the

关键词： MOD 17A2 FLUXNET community eddy covariance (EC) gross primary productivity (GPP) forest ecosystem evaluation

三峡库区蓄水运行前后水土流失时空变化模拟及分析

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湖泊科学 2011年第3期23卷 429-434页

作者：徐昔保杨桂山李恒鹏苏伟忠中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所南京210008

利用三峡库区水土流失预测模型和250m的MODIS-NDVI数据,模拟三峡库区蓄水运行前后水土流失时空变化,结果表明:三峡库区2000-2008年水土流失波动较大,总体上水土流失面积、总量和强度都呈减弱趋势,2006-2008年年均水土流失总量和面积分别... 详细信息

利用三峡库区水土流失预测模型和250m的MODIS-NDVI数据,模拟三峡库区蓄水运行前后水土流失时空变化,结果表明:三峡库区2000-2008年水土流失波动较大,总体上水土流失面积、总量和强度都呈减弱趋势,2006-2008年年均水土流失总量和面积分别比2000-2002年减少4.10×106t和1129.6km2;强度、极强度和剧烈等级水土流失主要分布在秭归、巫山、巫溪、石柱和武隆等坡度15°以上的林地和耕地,水土流失减弱主要集中分布在奉节、云阳、万州和忠县等坡度10°以上的耕地和林地;库区水土流失时空变化主要受降水强度与分布、移民与蓄水运行和生态工程实施影响.库区水土流失总体虽然呈好转趋势,但库区水土保持与治理工作还需进一步加强,尤其是对库首秭归、兴山和巴东及库中武隆等区域,需严禁坡耕地退耕还林反弹.

关键词：三峡库区蓄水运行水土流失时空变化模拟

Spatio-Temporal Variation Analysis of Precipitation during 1960-2008 in the Poyang Lake Basin, China

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2016年第2期6卷 115-127页

作者： lifeng Yuan Guishan Yang hengpeng li Zengxin Zhang College of Geography & Biological Information Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China USDA ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory West Lafayette IN United States Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China

Long-term monthly precipitation data from 1960 to 2008 at 17 rain stations are analyzed to explore spatio-temporal variation of the seasonal and annual precipitation in the Poyang Lake basin, China, using anomaly analysis, simple linear regressive technique, Mann-Kendall trend test and Continuous Wavelet Transform. The results indicate that: (1) increasing precipitation trend is observed in summer and winter, while decreasing precipitation trend is identified in spring and autumn, and the above mentioned precipitation trends are not statistically significant;(2) changing trend of the areal average annual precipitation is non-significantly increasing, and increasing trend happens in almost the whole basin except in western and south-eastern small parts;(3) the spatial distribution of the seasonal and annual precipitation anomalies between 1991-2008 and 1960-2008 is similar to that of seasonal and annual precipitation trend during 1960-2008;(4) three main time-frequency distributions are observed in annual precipitation series during 1960- 2008, and they are 18 - 26 years, 8 - 14 years and 2 - 8 years, respectively;accordingly, there are three main periods in annual precipitation series, and they are 11-year, 22-year and 5-year respectively. This result will be helpful for further research on availability, scientific management and assessment of the water resources of the Poyang Lake basin.

关键词： Precipitation Poyang Lake Basin Mann-Kendall Trend Test Continuous Wavelet Transform

Variations of Farming Systems and Their Impacts on Surface Water Environment in Past 60 Years in Intensive Agricultural Area of Taihu Region, China

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第8期7卷 647-658页

作者： Xinyan li hengpeng li Guishan Yang Nkotagu Hudson Huan Zhang Xiaofei Nie Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment Key Laboratory of Basin Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Nanjing China Department of Geology University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China

Based on agricultural nitrogen (N) balance model and field experiments, the impacts of farming system changes of Taihu Region of China on surface water environment were studied. During past 60 years, farming systems changed greatly in Taihu Region. The traditional method of manure collection and application was replaced by chemical fertilizer utilization gradually. Chemical N fertilization intensity decreased greatly due to the abolition of “3 crops per year” and reduction of cropland area in 1990-2010. Crops depleting soil fertility increased, while those improving soil fertility decreased, leading to an excessive dependence on chemical fertilizer application, which increased the risks of soil N loss to surface water environment in Taihu region. However, field experiments showed that the agricultural N loss with runoff only accounted for 2% of fertilizer N application rate. The majority of N was exported by crop harvesting. Our findings showed that the agricultural N loss might not be the main source of N pollution in Lake Tai after 2000. To control N pollution of Lake Tai, more attention should be paid to industrial and domestic wastewater from urban and rural areas, wastes from livestock and poultry breeding, bait input for aquaculture, etc in the Taihu Region, China.

关键词： Farming Systems Agricultural Nitrogen Balance Fertilization Environmental Pollution Taihu

江西省陆地生态系统氮平衡的时空分布规律研究

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环境科学学报 2011年第6期31卷 1320-1330页

作者：李新艳李恒鹏中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008

利用系统物质平衡模型,对1995—2005年江西省陆地生态系统的N收支平衡进行了核算,并分析了不同来源N收支量的时间序列特征以及N盈余强度的空间分布特征,探讨了自然灾害和政策实施对N平衡的影响.结果表明：江西省陆地生态系统的N输入量... 详细信息

利用系统物质平衡模型,对1995—2005年江西省陆地生态系统的N收支平衡进行了核算,并分析了不同来源N收支量的时间序列特征以及N盈余强度的空间分布特征,探讨了自然灾害和政策实施对N平衡的影响.结果表明：江西省陆地生态系统的N输入量变化范围是（155.5~184.2）×***-1,平均值为168.5×107kg.a-1.在N输入源中,以生物固N为主,占N输入总量的43.1%;氮肥施用是氮输入的第二大来源,占N输入量的30.9%;大气硝态氮沉降和人畜排泄分别占N输入总量的17.0%和9.1%.人类活动来源的N输入量是自然来源N输入量的2.3~2.9倍.N盈余量变化范围是（39.6~59.0）×107kg.a-1,平均值为47.3×107kg.a-1.系统内N持续发生盈余,必然会导致系统内的N发生累积并最终达到饱和状态,从而增加系统中养分随地表径流和地下水流失和淋失的风险.N盈余强度较高的地区位于环鄱阳湖区,这与该地区农业生产和人口密集、施肥强度高有密切关系,直接威胁到鄱阳湖水体的水质.

关键词：氮平衡时空分布盈余强度人类活动江西省

巢湖典型子流域上下游水塘对暴雨径流氮磷去除效率比较

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湖泊科学 2012年第1期24卷 89-95页

作者：聂小飞李恒鹏李新艳中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

从流域上下游环境条件及氮磷输出强度差异出发,探讨上下游水塘对径流氮磷去除的特征及效率,选取巢湖小柘皋河源头流域上下游水塘开展水塘去除暴雨径流氮磷的对比试验,研究暴雨及暴雨间期上下游水塘氮磷去除效率差异及原因,为流域上下游... 详细信息

从流域上下游环境条件及氮磷输出强度差异出发,探讨上下游水塘对径流氮磷去除的特征及效率,选取巢湖小柘皋河源头流域上下游水塘开展水塘去除暴雨径流氮磷的对比试验,研究暴雨及暴雨间期上下游水塘氮磷去除效率差异及原因,为流域上下游设计不同类型净化塘去除氮磷提供科学依据.结果表明:暴雨期,上游径流氮磷浓度高于下游,且颗粒态所占比例上游大于下游,流域上游应作为防治暴雨径流氮磷流失的重点区域;暴雨期,上游塘对暴雨径流中的氮磷去除效果明显,氮、磷去除率分别为74%和52%,且对颗粒态去除效果好于溶解态,下游塘没有表现出明显的去除效果;暴雨间期,上游塘塘内氮磷浓度平均下降50%和20%,下游塘则分别为72%和16%,且均以溶解态去除为主;水塘去除暴雨径流氮磷有一定的浓度适用范围,浓度过低,去除效果不明显;流域部位不同引起入塘径流氮磷浓度和形态的差异是上下游水塘对暴雨径流去除效果差异的主要外部原因.流域上游出山口,可以在渗透性好的山前洪积扇上构建深水宽塘,通过增加暴雨径流拦截量和降低流速增强物理沉降作用,实现暴雨径流氮磷的高效去除;流域下游农田区,宜构建水面较大的浅滩湿地,通过延长滞留时间和促进生物活动增强去除暴雨径流氮磷的效果.

关键词：巢湖典型子流域暴雨径流水塘氮磷去除效率

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模拟暴雨条件下农田磷素迁移特征

湖泊科学 2009年第1期21卷 45-52页

作者：庹刚李恒鹏金洋李燕中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所南京210008 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 上海市苏州河环境综合整治领导小组办公室上海200011

开展三次重复人工暴雨试验,研究太湖流域平原河网区农田磷素在暴雨径流过程中的迁移输出特征.结果表明,地表径流是暴雨径流过程农田磷素迁移的主要途径,地表径流水相和侵蚀相磷素迁移量分别占总磷输出量的58.50%和34.69%;随壤中水流输... 详细信息

开展三次重复人工暴雨试验,研究太湖流域平原河网区农田磷素在暴雨径流过程中的迁移输出特征.结果表明,地表径流是暴雨径流过程农田磷素迁移的主要途径,地表径流水相和侵蚀相磷素迁移量分别占总磷输出量的58.50%和34.69%;随壤中水流输移的磷素仅占总磷输出量的6.81%.磷素迁移以颗粒态为主,约占总磷输出量的60.73%,溶解态磷素以无机磷酸盐输出为主,溶解态磷素更易于在土壤中运动.地表径流与壤中流磷素输出特征对比分析显示,土壤对磷素具有较强的滤减作用,尤其对总颗粒态附着磷浓度的消减效果明显,可达80%以上.尽管暴雨径流过程中磷素迁移以地表径流为主,然而在降雨丰富的太湖地区,一般降雨条件下壤中流是产流的主要形式,同时壤中流溶解态磷流失占有较大的比例,对区域水环境恶化具有重要贡献,因此加强壤中流溶解态磷素输移和控制研究具有重要意义.

关键词：模拟暴雨磷素迁移地表径流壤中流太湖流域

Additives strategies to improving cycling stability of li metal batteries by modifying electrode electrolyte interphases

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 338-344页

作者： Yuan li Pengfei Huang Chunyu Cui Xiaoyuan Ma li Chen Zekun li linhai li Yuhong Tian School of Biological and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University of Science and Technology School of College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Isky Future Energy Institute

li metal batteries（LMBs） have attracted much attention due to the ultra-high theoretical capacity of the li metal anode（LMA）.However,the uncontrollable dendrites growth and low coulombic efficiency hinder their practical ***,we explore 3,5-difluoropyridine（2F-BD） as a novel electrolyte additive to enable highperformance *** 2F-BD additive participates in and modifies the solvation structure of li ions by reducing the coordinated number of PF6-at the electrode surface,leading to the formation of a liF and li3N-rich solid electrolyte interphase（SEI）.The liF component increases the robustness of SEI and suppresses the formation of li dendrites,while the li3N component facilitates the transportation and reaction kinetics of li *** a result,the li‖li symmetric cell presents a stable cycling performance of up to 500 h at a current density of 1 mA *** coupling with liFePO4cathode,the obtained full cell achieves high specific capacities of 106.06 mA h g-1and 84.98 mA h g-1at 2.55 mA cm-2and 5.10 mA cm-2,respectively,and maintains a high capacity retention of84.0% after 1000 cycles at 0.13 mA cm-2,with an average cycling CE of 99.58%.

关键词： Electrolyte additive li dendrites li metal batteries liF and li3N-Rich electrode-electrolyte interphase liFePO4 cathode

太湖上游低山丘陵地区不同用地类型氮、磷收支平衡特征

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湖泊科学 2012年第6期24卷 829-837页

作者：韩莹李恒鹏聂小飞徐昔保中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

不同用地类型的土壤氮、磷收支平衡决定了氮、磷在土壤的富集,进一步影响氮、磷的流失强度,分析该过程有助于揭示不同用地类型对区域的环境效应.以位于太湖上游低山丘陵地区的天目湖流域为研究区,采用农户调查问卷、土壤和植被生物量实... 详细信息

不同用地类型的土壤氮、磷收支平衡决定了氮、磷在土壤的富集,进一步影响氮、磷的流失强度,分析该过程有助于揭示不同用地类型对区域的环境效应.以位于太湖上游低山丘陵地区的天目湖流域为研究区,采用农户调查问卷、土壤和植被生物量实验分析、文献调研和氮、磷表观平衡模型的方法,选择研究区的茶园、水田、马尾松林和竹林四种典型用地类型,系统分析了氮、磷的输入要素,包括肥料输入、大气沉降、秸秆返田/枯枝落叶、生物固氮、人畜排泄物返田,以及输出要素,包括植物生长吸收、氨挥发、反硝化,并比较不同用地类型氮、磷收支特征.在此基础上进一步与土壤表层氮、磷含量比较,揭示太湖流域上游丘陵山区主要用地类型的水环境效应.研究结果显示:土壤氮、磷盈余量大小顺序为茶园>水田>马尾松林>竹林,分别是648.6、248.9、115.5、53.6 kgN/(hm2.a)和319.9、29.7、1.2和-3.4 kgP/(hm2.a);氮、磷利用效率以竹林最高,茶园的氮、磷利用效率均最低,仅为15.0%和3.1%;土壤氮盈余量与表层氮含量未能呈现出一致的关系,土壤磷盈余量与表层磷含量比较类似,并由此得出竹林比马尾松林更有利于水环境保护,而茶园对水环境的不利影响超过水田.

关键词：太湖上游丘陵地区用地类型氮磷平衡茶园天目湖流域