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陶瓷膜耦合工艺处理含藻水的净水效能及膜污染研究

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给水排水 2024年第7期50卷 42-49页

作者：李仁平张鑫洋王金龙韩永辉梁恒李圭白上海巴安水务股份有限公司上海201715 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院哈尔滨150090

为探究陶瓷膜处理含藻水的净水效能及其膜污染控制,采用了直接超滤、在线混凝超滤以及气浮超滤三种耦合工艺处理含藻水。结果发现,三种耦合工艺对于对于藻细胞去除率最高可达(98.77±4.94)%,DOC去除率达到(64.13±6.39)%,浊度去除率达到... 详细信息

为探究陶瓷膜处理含藻水的净水效能及其膜污染控制,采用了直接超滤、在线混凝超滤以及气浮超滤三种耦合工艺处理含藻水。结果发现,三种耦合工艺对于对于藻细胞去除率最高可达(98.77±4.94)%,DOC去除率达到(64.13±6.39)%,浊度去除率达到(96.30±0.36)%。混凝、气浮耦合陶瓷膜对荧光蛋白污染物具有强化去除作用。通过分析三种耦合工艺的出水水质和膜污染,发现气浮破坏了藻细胞与小分子藻源有机物(Algal Organic Matter,AOM)在膜表面的协同作用,降低了膜前藻细胞和有机物的浓度,抑制了致密凝胶层的形成,减轻了滤饼堵塞作用。气浮可降低陶瓷膜不可逆膜污染阻力最高为(72.52±4.47)%,对于陶瓷膜膜污染缓解具有显著效果。通过扫描电镜、傅里叶红外光谱及荧光光谱分析,发现蛋白类化合物中C=O双键、N-H键以及多糖的C-O键对陶瓷膜影响显著。在线混凝、气浮后的陶瓷膜面藻细胞分散稀疏,松散的结构改善了滤饼层的稀疏性,提高了陶瓷膜过水特性,对膜污染缓解起到积极作用。

关键词：陶瓷膜超滤膜污染气浮含藻水

温控响应型纳滤膜构建及其非相变控污机制研究

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给水排水 2024年第6期50卷 79-84页

作者：徐达梁任静陈杰陈康白朗明李圭白梁恒哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室哈尔滨150090 江苏诺莱智慧水务装备有限公司南通226331

研究温控响应型聚合物对纳滤膜性能的调控及其在非相变条件下的控污机制。结果表明:改性纳滤膜的聚酰胺分离层具有更低的交联度与更薄的厚度,改性纳滤膜的纯水流量提升71%,对二价阴离子的截留率在97%以上,对一价阴离子的截留率略有下降... 详细信息

研究温控响应型聚合物对纳滤膜性能的调控及其在非相变条件下的控污机制。结果表明:改性纳滤膜的聚酰胺分离层具有更低的交联度与更薄的厚度,改性纳滤膜的纯水流量提升71%,对二价阴离子的截留率在97%以上,对一价阴离子的截留率略有下降。通过动态污染试验,相比于传统纳滤膜,改性纳滤膜的比通量提升8.4%。分子动力学模拟表明,聚酰胺分离层在水溶液中呈电负性,可通过静电作用吸附钙离子,产生“膜-阳离子-有机物”三者间的复合污染。温控响应型聚合物呈电中性,与阳离子的相互作用较弱,抑制了架桥作用引发的膜污染问题。

关键词：纳滤表面接枝热响应膜污染分子动力学模拟

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Coagulation efficiency and flocs characteristics of recycling sludge during treatment of low temperature and micro-polluted water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期24卷 1014-1020页

作者： Zhiwei Zhou Yanling Yang Xing li Wei Gao Heng liang guibai li College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 15.0090China

Drinking water treatment sludge,characterized as accumulated suspended solids and organic and inorganic matter,is produced in large quantities during the coagulation *** proper disposal,regeneration or reuse of sludge is,therefore,a significant environmental *** sludge at low temperatures is an alternative method to enhance traditional coagulation *** the present study,the recycling mass of mixed sludge and properties of raw water （such as pH and turbidity） were systematically investigated to optimize coagulation *** determined that the appropriate dosage of mixed sludge was 60 mL/L,effective initial turbidity ranges were below 45.0 NTU,and optimal pH for DOMs and turbidity removal was 6.5-7.0 and 8.0,***,by comparing the flocs characteristics with and without recycling sludge,we found that floc structures with sludge were more irregular with average size growth to 64.7 μm from 48.1 μ*** sludge was a feasible and successful method for enhancing pollutants removal,and the more irregular flocs structure after recycling might be caused by breakage of reused flocs and incorporation of powdered activated carbon into larger flocs *** during the coagulation process,recycling sludge could be significant for the treatment of low temperature and micro-polluted source water.

关键词： recycling sludge sweep flocculation adsorption flocs characteristics

Fouling mechanisms in the early stage of an enhanced coagulation-ultrafiltration process

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第1期9卷 73-83页

作者： Haiqing CHANG Baicang liU Wanshen LUO guibai li State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan University Chengdu 610207 China Southwest Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute of China Chengdu 610081 China

We investigated the fouling performances of ultrafiltration （UF） membrane for treating in-line coagulated water in an enhanced coagulation-UF hybrid process. Then we analyzed the fouling mechanisms in the early stage of UF using mathematical models and microscopy observation methods. Finally, we discussed the impact of aeration on membrane fouling in this paper. The results showed that a two-stage of trans-membrane pressure （-TMP） profile during the operation of enhanced coagulation-UF membrane was observed, and the relationship between permeability and operation time fitted well with a logarithmic curve. Membrane pores blocking and cake filtration were confirmed as main membrane fouling mechanisms using the mathematical models. The two stages of membrane fouling mechanisms were further deduced, namely, the membrane pore narrowing followed by the formation of cake layer. Membrane autopsy analysis using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） images of the membrane surface sampled from different filtration cycles also confirmed the mechanisms of pores blocking and cake filtration. Moreover, according to the variations of the permeability and membrane fouling resistance, aeration was able to mitigate and control the membrane fouling to a certain extent, but the optimization of aeration conditions still needs to be studied.

关键词： coagulation-UF trans-membrane pressure(TMP) permeability membrane fouling resistance scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Towards a better hydraulic cleaning strategy for ultrafiltration membrane fouling by humic acid: Effect of backwash water composition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 177-186页

作者： Haiqing Chang Heng liang Fangshu Qu Jun Ma Nanqi Ren guibai li State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology

As a routine measurement to alleviate membrane fouling, hydraulic cleaning is of great significance for the steady operation of ultrafiltration（UF） systems in water treatment processes. In this work, a comparative study was performed to investigate the effects of the composition of backwash water on the hydraulic cleaning performance of UF membranes fouled by humic acid（HA）. Various types of backwash water, including UF permeate, Milli-Q water, Na Cl solution, CaCl_2 solution and HA solution, were compared in terms of hydraulically irreversible fouling index, total surface tension and residual HA. The results indicated that Milli-Q water backwash was superior to UF permeate backwash in cleaning HA-fouled membranes, and the backwash water containing Na＋or HA outperformed Milli-Q water in alleviating HA fouling. On the contrary, the presence of Ca^（2＋） in backwash water significantly decreased the backwash efficiency. Moreover, Ca^（2＋） played an important role in foulant removal, and the residual HA content closely related to the residual Ca^（2＋） *** analysis suggested that the backwash process may involve fouling layer swelling, ion exchange, electric double layer release and competitive complexation. Ion exchange and competitive complexation played significant roles in the efficient hydraulic cleaning associated with Na＋and HA, respectively.

关键词： Ultrafiltration Membrane fouling Hydraulic cleaning Backwash water composition Humic acid

基于机器学习的纳滤膜预测筛选模型构建与评估

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哈尔滨工业大学学报 2024年第6期56卷 8-15页

作者：徐达梁徐杭镔靳心瑶刘超费兆轩姚杰张子峰李圭白梁恒城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学) 哈尔滨150090

纳滤净水技术是应对水资源危机和水质安全保障的核心技术之一。然而,纳滤膜性能长期受渗透性与选择性制约,亟需开发高性能纳滤膜。纳滤膜制备过程涉及水相单体质量分数、水相添加剂质量分数、油相单体质量分数、聚合时间等因素,传统的... 详细信息

纳滤净水技术是应对水资源危机和水质安全保障的核心技术之一。然而,纳滤膜性能长期受渗透性与选择性制约,亟需开发高性能纳滤膜。纳滤膜制备过程涉及水相单体质量分数、水相添加剂质量分数、油相单体质量分数、聚合时间等因素,传统的试误实验法需消耗大量的人力、物力与财力。依据纳滤膜制备参数,构建基于机器学习的纳滤膜预测筛选模型。结果表明,XGBoost机器学习模型可有效预测纳滤膜纯水通量与截留性能,对纯水通量和截留性能的R~2评价指标分别为0.84和0.90。采用SHAP值法对XGBoost机器学习模型中的输入参数进行量化分析,发现水相单体质量分数与基膜类型对纯水通量有最高的绝对平均SHAP值,分别为2.77与2.59,而面向纳滤膜截留性能的关键参数绝对平均SHAP值相对接近。单体子结构特征分析结果显示,亲水性子结构特征与支链型子结构特征有助于提升纳滤膜纯水通量,胺基则促进纳滤膜的截留性能。构建的纳滤膜预测筛选模型有助于关键参数的识别与优化,为纳滤膜的开发提供理论与技术指导。

关键词：纳滤膜机器学习性能预测 XGBoost模型

Chemical cleaning of fouled PVC membrane during ultrafiltration of algal-rich water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第4期23卷 529-536页

作者： Yan Zhang Jiayu Tian Heng liang Jun Nan Zhonglin Chen guibai li State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China.

Cleaning of hollow-fibre polyvinyl chloride （PVC） membrane with different chemical reagents after ultrafiltration of algal-rich water was investigated. Among the tested cleaning reagents （NaOH, HCl, EDTA, and NaClO）, 100 mg/L NaClO exhibited the best performance （88.4% ± 1.1%） in removing the irreversible fouling resistance. This might be attributed to the fact that NaClO could eliminate almost all the major foulants such as carbohydrate-like and protein-like materials on the membrane surface, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. However, negligible irreversible resistance （1.5% ± 1.0%） was obtained when the membrane was cleaning by 500 mg/L NaOH for 1.0 hr, although the NaOH solution could also desorb a portion of the major foulants from the fouled PVC membrane. Scanning electronic microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses demonstrated that 500 mg/L NaOH could change the structure of the residual foulants on the membrane, making them more tightly attached to the membrane surface. This phenomenon might be responsible for the negligible membrane permeability restoration after NaOH cleaning. On the other hand, the microscopic analyses reflected that NaClO could effectively remove the foulants accumulated on the membrane surface.

关键词： membrane fouling chemical cleaning algal-rich water NaOH NaClO

Impact of total organic carbon and chlorine to ammonia ratio on nitrification in a bench-scale drinking water distribution system

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010年第4期4卷 430-437页

作者： Yongji ZHANG lingling ZHOU Guo ZENG Huiping DENG guibai li Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education(Tongji University)Shanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Nitrification occurs in chloraminated drinking water systems and is affected by water quality *** aim of this study was to investigate the impact of total organic carbon and chlorine to ammonia ratio on nitrification potential in a simulated drinking water distribution system as during *** occurrence of nitrification and activity of nitrifying bacteria was primarily monitored using four rotating annular bioreactors(RAB)with different chlorine to ammonia ratios and total organic carbon(TOC)*** results indicated that nitrification occurred despite at a low influent concentration of ammonia,and a high concentration of nitrite nitrogen was detected in the *** study illustrated that reactors 1(R1)and 3(R3),with higher TOC levels,produced more nitrite nitrogen,which was consistent with the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)counts,and was linked to a relatively more rapid decay of chloramines in comparison to their counterparts(R2 and R4).The AOB and HPC counts were correlated during the biofilm formation with the establishment of *** AOB abundance was also higher in the high TOC reactors compared with the low TOC *** chlorine to ammonia ratio did not have a significant impact on the occurrence of *** water with a high TOC level supported the occurrence of nitrification,and AOB development occurred at all examined chlorine to ammonia dose ratios(3:1 or 5:1).

关键词： nitrification drinking water ammoniaoxidizing bacteria(AOB) chloramines organic carbon heterotrophic bacteria

重力驱动超滤技术处理高浊水的效能及机制研究

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给水排水 2024年第5期50卷 33-41页

作者：郑成志姜舒孙国胜王澳梁恒罗娇赢李圭白唐小斌广东粤海水务股份有限公司深圳518000 广东粤海水务投资有限公司深圳518000 哈尔滨工业大学水资源国家工程研究中心有限公司哈尔滨150090 哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室哈尔滨150090 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院哈尔滨150025

重力驱动超滤工艺(GDM)具有低维护、免清洗等特点,是农村净水的实用技术;然而,季节型高浊/暴雨型高浊给GDM系统稳定性造成了巨大挑战。研究构建了间歇曝气耦合GDM工艺直接过滤高浑浊度水,并探究了GDM工艺长期运行的通量稳定机制和净水... 详细信息

重力驱动超滤工艺(GDM)具有低维护、免清洗等特点,是农村净水的实用技术;然而,季节型高浊/暴雨型高浊给GDM系统稳定性造成了巨大挑战。研究构建了间歇曝气耦合GDM工艺直接过滤高浑浊度水,并探究了GDM工艺长期运行的通量稳定机制和净水效能。结果表明,GDM工艺可在无反冲洗条件下长期稳定运行,且耦合曝气后显著提升GDM稳定通量(38.81%),对UV254、氨氮、高锰酸盐指数的平均去除率分别达62.22%、31.04%、33.86%。间歇曝气可促使滤饼层变得疏松多孔,提升滤饼层内的微生物多样性,强化了生物滤饼层对污染物的降解效能。因此,GDM工艺可有效应对水源水季节型高浊/暴雨型高浊问题。

关键词：重力驱动超滤工艺高浑浊度生物滤饼层膜污染农村供水