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TMC-GCN: Encrypted Traffic Mapping Classification Method Based on Graph Convolutional Networks

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3179-3201页

作者： Baoquan liu Xi Chen Qingjun Yuan Degang li Chunxiang Gu School of Cyberspace Security Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China School of Cyberspace Security Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou450001China Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology Zhengzhou450001China

With the emphasis on user privacy and communication security, encrypted traffic has increased dramatically, which brings great challenges to traffic classification. The classification method of encrypted traffic based on GNN can deal with encrypted traffic well. However, existing GNN-based approaches ignore the relationship between client or server packets. In this paper, we design a network traffic topology based on GCN, called Flow Mapping Graph (FMG). FMG establishes sequential edges between vertexes by the arrival order of packets and establishes jump-order edges between vertexes by connecting packets in different bursts with the same direction. It not only reflects the time characteristics of the packet but also strengthens the relationship between the client or server packets. According to FMG, a Traffic Mapping Classification model (TMC-GCN) is designed, which can automatically capture and learn the characteristics and structure information of the top vertex in FMG. The TMC-GCN model is used to classify the encrypted traffic. The encryption stream classification problem is transformed into a graph classification problem, which can effectively deal with data from different data sources and application scenarios. By comparing the performance of TMC-GCN with other classical models in four public datasets, including CICIOT2023, ISCXVPN2016, CICAAGM2017, and GraphDapp, the effectiveness of the FMG algorithm is verified. The experimental results show that the accuracy rate of the TMC-GCN model is 96.13%, the recall rate is 95.04%, and the F1 rate is 94.54%.

关键词： Encrypted traffic classification deep learning graph neural networks multi-layer perceptron graph convolutional networks

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The effect of nitrogen concentration on the properties of N-DLC prepared by helicon wave plasma chemical vapor deposition

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第10期24卷 98-104页

作者： Yan YANG Tianyuan HUANG Maoyang li Yaowei YU jianjun HUANG Bin YU Xuemei WU Peiyu JI College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People's Republic of China Advanced Energy Research Center Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People's Republic of China School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People's Republic of China Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People's Republic of China6 School of Optoelectr onic Science and Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People's Republic of China

Nitrogen-doped diamond-like carbon(N-DLC)films were synthesized by helicon wave plasma chemical vapor deposition(HWP-CVD).The mechanism of the plasma influence on the N-DLC structure and properties was revealed by the diagnosis of *** effects of nitrogen doping on the mechanical and hydrophobicity properties of DLC films were *** change in the ratio of precursor gas flow reduces the concentration of film-forming groups,resulting in a decrease of growth rate with increasing nitrogen flow *** morphology and structure of N-DLC films were characterized by scanning probe microscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and X-ray photoemission *** mechanical properties and wettability of N-DLC were analyzed by an ultra-micro hardness tester and JC2000DM *** results show that the content ratio of N^(+)and N_(2)^(+)is positively correlated with the mechanical properties and wettability of N-DLC *** enhancement hardness and elastic modulus of N-DLC are attributed to the increase in sp3 carbon–nitrogen bond content in the film,reaching 26.5 GPa and 160 GPa *** contact measurement shows that the increase in the nitrogen-bond structure in N-DLC gives the film excellent hydrophobic properties,and the optimal water contact angle reaches 111.2°.It is shown that HWP technology has unique advantages in the modulation of functional nanomaterials.

关键词： N-DLC helicon wave plasma microstructure hardness hydrophobicity

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Simulation of an aircraft thermal management system based on vapor cycle response surface model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 64-77页

作者： Haodong liU Hongsheng JIANG Sujun DONG Longxian XUE Yongji liU jianjun WU School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute Aviation Industry Corporation of ChinaChengdu 610091China

The modern aircraft Thermal Management System(TMS)faces significant challenges due to increasing thermal loads and limited heat dissipation *** optimize TMS during the conceptual design stage,the development of a modeling and simulation tool is *** this study,a TMS simulation model library was created using MATLAB/*** simplify the complexity of the Vapor Cycle System(VCS)model,a Response Surface Model(RSM)was constructed using the Monte Carlo method and validated through simulation *** the F-22 fighter TMS as an example,a thermal dynamic simulation model was constructed to analyze the variation of thermal response parameters in key subsystems and elucidate their coupling ***,the impact of total fuel flow and ram air flow on the TMS was *** findings demonstrate the existence of an optimal total fuel flow that achieves a balance between maximizing fuel heat sink utilization and minimizing bleed air *** adaptive distribution of fuel and ram air flow was found to enhance aircraft thermal management *** study contributes to improving modeling efficiency and enhancing the understanding of the thermal dynamic characteristics of TMS,thereby facilitating further optimization in aircraft TMS design.

关键词： Thermal management sys-tem Vaporcycle Response surface model Dynamic simulation MonteCarlo

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MPC and TGFC for UAV Real-time Route Planning 36

MPC and TGFC for UAV Real-time Route Planning

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： Qiang Wang jianjun Zhang CSIC 710

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

This paper proposed a method of real-time route planning for UAV based on model predictive control（MPC）and threat gain fuzzy controller（TGFC）.First the model of three-dimensional route planning of UAV was built by MPC,including complex *** the TGFC was designed based on fuzzy control theory,in order to make UAV escape from the sudden threat *** the route was calculated by differential evolution *** simulations showed that the method could make a good performance of real-time,and it could enable UAV achieve the goal of terrain following and threat avoidance（TF/TA2）.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle real-time route planning model predictive control threat gain fuzzy controller

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VTAN: A Novel Video Transformer Attention-Based Network for Dynamic Sign Language Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2793-2812页

作者： Ziyang Deng Weidong Min Qing Han Mengxue liu Longfei li School of Mathematics and Computer Science Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Institute of Metaverse Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China

Dynamic sign language recognition holds significant importance, particularly with the application of deep learning to address its complexity. However, existing methods face several challenges. Firstly, recognizing dynamic sign language requires identifying keyframes that best represent the signs, and missing these keyframes reduces accuracy. Secondly, some methods do not focus enough on hand regions, which are small within the overall frame, leading to information loss. To address these challenges, we propose a novel Video Transformer Attention-based Network (VTAN) for dynamic sign language recognition. Our approach prioritizes informative frames and hand regions effectively. To tackle the first issue, we designed a keyframe extraction module enhanced by a convolutional autoencoder, which focuses on selecting information-rich frames and eliminating redundant ones from the video sequences. For the second issue, we developed a soft attention-based transformer module that emphasizes extracting features from hand regions, ensuring that the network pays more attention to hand information within sequences. This dual-focus approach improves effective dynamic sign language recognition by addressing the key challenges of identifying critical frames and emphasizing hand regions. Experimental results on two public benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our network, outperforming most of the typical methods in sign language recognition tasks.

关键词： Dynamic sign language recognition transformer soft attention attention-based visual feature aggregation

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Polar WRF *** and evaluation for the Antarctic and Southern Ocean

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第4期16卷 1005-1024页

作者： jianjun XUE Ziniu XIAO David H.BROMWICH Lesheng BAI State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar and Climate Research CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081China

A recent version of the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting model(Polar WRF)has been upgraded to the version 4.X era with an improved NoahMP Land Surface Model(LSM).To assess the model performance over the Antarctic and Southern Ocean,downscaling simulations with different LSM(NoahMP,Noah),WRF versions(Polar WRF 4.1.1 and earlier version 4.0.3,WRF 4.1.1),and driving data(ERA-Interim,ERA5)are examined with two simulation modes:the short-term that consists of a series of 48 h segments initialized daily at 0000 UTC with the first 24 h selected for model spin-up,whereas the long-term component used to evaluate long-term prediction consists of a series of 38-41 day segments initialized using the first 10 days for spin-up of the hydrological cycle and planetary boundary layer *** using short-term mode driven by ERA-Interim with NoahMP and Noah are selected for benchmark *** results show that Polar WRF 4.1.1 has good skills over the Antarctic and Southern Ocean and better performance than earlier *** reduced downward shortwave radiation bias released with WRF 4.1.1 performed well with *** NoahMP and Noah led to very similar conclusions,NoahMP is slightly better than Noah,particularly for the 2 m temperature and surface radiation because the minimum albedo is set at 0.8 over the ice ***,a suitable nudging setting plays an important role in long-term forecasts,such as reducing the surface temperature diurnal cycle near the *** characteristics investigated in this study provide a benchmark to improve the model and guidance for further application of Polar WRF in the Antarctic.

关键词： Polar WRF downscaling simulation performance evaluation the Antarctic and Southern Ocean

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Generative adversarial network-based atmospheric scattering model for image dehazing

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第2期7卷 178-186页

作者： Jinxiu Zhu Leilei Meng Wenxia Wu Dongmin Choi jianjun Ni College of Internet of Things Engineering Hohai UniversityChangzhouJiangsu213022China Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of World Water Valley and Water Ecological Civilization NanjingJiangsu211100China Chosun University Gwangju61452Republic of Korea

This paper presents a trainable Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)-based end-to-end system for image dehazing,which is named the *** can be used for edge computing-based applications,such as roadside *** adopts two networks:one is generator(G),and the other is discriminator(D).The G adopts the U-Net architecture,whose layers are particularly designed to incorporate the atmospheric scattering model of image *** using a reformulated atmospheric scattering model,the weights of the generator network are initialized by the coarse transmission map,and the biases are adaptively adjusted by using the previous round's trained *** the details may be blurry after the fog is removed,the contrast loss is added to enhance the visibility *** from the typical GAN adversarial loss,the pixel-wise Mean Square Error(MSE)loss,the contrast loss and the dark channel loss are introduced into the generator loss *** experiments on benchmark images,the results of which are compared with those of several state-of-the-art methods,demonstrate that the proposed DehazeGAN performs better and is more effective.

关键词： Dehazing Edge computing applications Atmospheric scattering model Contrast loss

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Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a New Multi-functional 460 MPa Grade Construction Structural Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第7期35卷 1131-1142页

作者： Zhenye Chen Zhangguo lin jianjun Qi Yang Feng liqing Chen Guodong Wang State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China User Technology Department Technology Research Institute of HBISShijiazhuang 050000China

This article reports a new generation of Q460 multi-functional construction structural steel,which has high strength(yield strength larger than 460 MPa),excellent toughness(higher than 110 J/cm^(2) at-60 ℃),lower yield ratio(lower than 0.8),good fire resistance(yield strength at 600 ℃ larger than two-thirds of its room-temperature yield strength)and better corrosion *** eff ects of finish cooling temperature(FCT)on the microstructure and properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),emission electron probe micro-analysis(EPMA),electron backscattering diff raction(EBSD),tensile tester,impact tester,periodic immersion cycle acceleration test and electrochemical *** results show that the strength and toughness are simultaneously improved by decreasing the FCT due to more lath-like bainite with large number of dislocations,refined martensite/austenite(M/A)with higher carbon concentration and increased high angle *** addition,the fire resistance of the newly developed Q460 steel is obviously better than the conventional one,which is mainly due to non-recrystallized lath-like bainite with high dislocation density at elevated *** corrosion resistance of the new Q460 steel is also improved due to the addition of Cu and Cr.

关键词： Construction structural steel Thermo-mechanical controlled processing(TMCP) Finish rolling temperature Microstructure Mechanical properties

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Enhanced Protective Efficacy of H5 Subtype Influenza Vaccine with Modification of the Multibasic Cleavage Site of Hemagglutinin in Retroviral Pseudotypes

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Virologica Sinica 2013年第3期28卷 136-145页

作者： ling Tao jianjun Chen Jin Meng Yao Chen Hongxia li Yan liu Zhenhua Zheng Hanzhong Wang State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica

Traditionally, the multibasic cleavage site （MBCS） of surface protein H5-hemagglutinin （HA） is converted to a monobasic one so as to weaken the virulence of recombinant H5N1 influenza viruses and to produce inactivated and live attenuated vaccines. Whether such modification benefits new candidate vaccines has not been adequately investigated. We previously used retroviral vectors to generate wtH5N1 pseudotypes containing the wild-type HA （wtH5） from A/swine/Anhui/ca/2004 （H5N1） virus. Here, we generated mtH5N1 pseudotypes, which contained a mutant-type HA （mtH5） with a modified monobasic cleavage site. Groups of mice were subcutaneously injected with the two types of influenza pseudotypes. Compared to the group immunized with wtH5N1 pseudotypes, the inoculation of mtH5N1 pseudotypes induced significantly higher levels of HA specific IgG and IFN-y in immunized mice, and enhanced protection against the challenge of mouse-adapted avian influenza virus A/Chicken/Henardl2/2004 （H5N1）. This study suggests modification of the H5-hemagglutinin MBCS in retroviral pseudotypes enhances protection efficacy in mice and this information may be helpful for development of vaccines from mammalian cells to fight against H5N 1 influenza viruses.

关键词： Influenza H5 subtype Vaccine Pseudotype Hemagglutinin Multibasic cleavage site

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Research progress of avermectin:A minireview based on the structural derivatization of avermectin

Advanced Agrochem

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Advanced Agrochem 2022年第2期1卷 100-112页

作者： lili Dong jianjun Zhang State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation College of Plant ProtectionHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China Innovation Center of Pesticide Research Department of Applied ChemistryCollege of ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100094China

Avermectins,a fermentation-derived macrocyclic lactones isolated from Streptomyces avermitilis,exhibiting a long history as biopharmaceuticals used in agriculture,medical and veterinary *** to the significant biological activity and low mammalian toxicity,avermectins have been recognized as one of the most market-competitive anthelmintics and insecticides,with research related to these compounds has been awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or *** molecules contain multiple reaction sites,such as carbon-carbon double bonds,hydroxyl groups and oleandrose,facilitating the further development of derivatives with improved physicochemical properties,bioavailability,pest spectrum,and efficacy by chemical ***,thousands of avermectin derivatives have been studied and various species have been commercialized for crop protection and pharmaceutical ***,we review the research progress achieved on structural modification reactions of avermectin and further summarize their structure-activity *** mini-review may provide important insights into the future development of efficient avermectin-based anthelmintics,fungicides,and insecticides.

关键词： Avermectins Chemical modification Derivatives Structure-activity relationships Review

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