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Statistical characteristics and classification of ionospheric mid-latitude trough as revealed by the observations of DMSP-F18

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 137-147页

作者： Yi Liu jiuhou lei FuQing Huang Su Zhou School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Science Guiyang UniversityGuiyang 550005China

Statistical characteristics and the classification of the topside ionospheric mid-latitude trough are systemically analyzed,using observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F18(DMSP-F18)*** data was obtained at an altitude of around 860 km in near polar orbit,throughout *** study identified the auroral boundary based on the in-situ electron density and electron spectrum,allowing us to precisely determine the location of the mid-latitude *** differs from most previous works,which only use Total Electron Content(TEC)or in-situ electron *** our study,the troughs exhibited a higher occurrence rate in local winter than in summer,and extended to lower latitudes with increasing geomagnetic *** was found that the ionospheric mid-latitude trough,which is associated with temperature changes or enhanced ion drift,exhibited distinct ***,the ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to electron temperature(Te)peak were located more equatorward of auroral oval boundary in winter than in *** ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to Te-maximum were less frequently observed at 60−70°S magnetic latitude and 90−240°E ***,the troughs related to ion temperature(Ti)maximums were observed at relatively higher latitudes,occurring more frequently in *** addition,the troughs related to ion velocity(Vi)maximums could be observed in all *** troughs with the maximum-Ti and maximum-Vi were located closer to the equatorward boundary of the auroral oval at the nightside,and in both *** implies that enhanced ion drift velocity contributes to increased collisional frictional heating and enhanced ion temperatures,resulting in a density depletion within the trough region.

关键词： topside ionosphere mid-latitude trough ionospheric main trough auroral oval boundary temperature maximum

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Ionospheric Investigations Conducted by Chinese Mainland Scientists in 2020-2021

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空间科学学报 2022年第4期42卷 653-683页

作者： LIU Libo lei jiuhou LIU Jing Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Heilongjiang Mohe National Observatory of Geophysics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230022 School of Space Science and Physics Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial EnvironmentInstitute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209

In this report,we outline works done by scientists from the Mainland of China on various ionospheric topics after the release of the National Report of China in 2020 on ionospheric researchto the Committee on Space Research(COSPAR).More than 170 papers were published in *** current report covers the following topics:ionospheric space weather,ionospheric structures and climatology,ionospheric dynamics and couplings,ionospheric irregularity and scintillation,modeling and data assimilation,and ionosphere and sounding *** ionospheres are included for the first time.

关键词： Ionospheric Space weather Planetary ionospheres

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Solar cycle variations in equatorial ionospheric zonal electric fields near sunrise

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第3期7卷 378-388页

作者： JunJie Chen WenBin Wang jiuhou lei Tong Dang Space Exploration Laboratory/School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SARChina Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology/CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment/Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric ResearchBoulderCO 80307USA

In this study,we investigate the solar cycle dependence of the sunrise ionospheric zonal electric fields at the equator under geomagnetically quiet *** using the Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Electrodynamics General Circulation Model(TIEGCM)reveal that the equatorial eastward electric field at sunrise decreases with the increase in solar activity,independent of longitude,season,and lower atmospheric *** solar cycle dependence of the sunrise zonal electric field is mainly related to the zonal wind ***,this solar cycle dependence of sunrise electric fields at the equator is dominated by the corresponding variation in the F-region dynamo because the response of conductivity and neutral winds near sunrise to increasing solar flux is stronger in the F-region than in the E-region,although the sunrise eastward enhancement of electric fields is mainly driven by the E-region zonal wind ***,the westward gradient of low-latitude F-region neutral winds near the dawn terminator tends to produce westward electric fields in the equatorial region that are more pronounced at solar maximum,whereas the midlatitude E-region dynamo induces an eastward enhancement of sunrise electric fields at the equator that decreases slightly with increasing solar *** study also reveals that the reason the eastward enhancement of equatorial zonal electric fields near dawn and dusk terminators show opposite solar cycle dependence is because of their different generation mechanisms.

关键词： ionosphere electrodynamics sunrise enhancement solar cycle dependence

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Observations of equatorial plasma bubbles during the geomagnetic storm of October 2016

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第5期5卷 416-426页

作者： FuQing Huang jiuhou lei Chao Xiong JiaHao Zhong GuoZhu Li Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Electronic Information School Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Planetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Beijing National Observatory of Space Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

We investigated the variations of equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs)in the East-Asian sector during a strong geomagnetic storm in October 2016,based on observations from the Beidou geostationary(GEO)satellites,Swarm satellite and ground-based *** nighttime depletions of F region in situ electron density from Swarm and obvious nighttime EPBs in the Beidou GEO observations were observed on 13 October 2016 during the main ***,one interesting feature is that the rare and unique sunrise EPBs were triggered on 14 October 2016 in the main phase rather than during the recovery phase as reported by previous *** addition,the nighttime EPBs were suppressed during the whole recovery phase,and absent from 14 to 19 October ***,the minimum virtual height of F trace(h’F)at Sanya(18.3°N,109.6°E,MLAT 11.1°N)displayed obvious changes during these *** h’F was enhanced in the main phase and declined during the recovery phase,compared with the values at pre-and *** results indicate that the enhanced nighttime EPBs and sunrise EPBs during the main phase and the absence nighttime EPBs for many days during the recovery phase could be associated with storm-time electric field changes.

关键词： EPBs ionospheric irregularities Beidou GEO TEC geomagnetic storm electron density electric field

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Thermospheric mass density derived from CHAMP satellite precise orbit determination data based on energy balance method

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第8期60卷 1495-1506页

作者： LI RuoXi lei jiuhou WANG XiJing DOU XianKang JIN ShuangGen School of Earth and Space Science University of Science and Technology China Key Laboratory for Fault Diagnosis and Maintenance of Spacecraft In-orbit Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this article, the energy balance method is used to retrieve thermospheric mass density from CHAMP satellite precise orbit determination(POD) data during 2007–2009. The retrieved thermospheric mass densities are compared with those from accelerometer data and an empirical model. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Thermospheric mass density can be retrieved from POD data by the energy balance and semi-major axis decay methods, whose results are consistent.(2) The accuracy of the retrieved densities depends on the integration time period, and the optimal period for CHAMP density retrieval from POD data is about 20 minutes.(3) The energy balance method can be used to calibrate accelerometer data.(4) The accuracy of retrieving thermospheric density from POD data varies with satellite altitude and local time.

关键词： Thermospheric mass density Satellite orbit Semi-major axis Energy balance Accelerometer

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A long-range forecasting model for the thermosphere based on the intelligent optimized particle filtering

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第1期65卷 75-86页

作者： Dexin REN jiuhou lei CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaMengcheng 233500China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The uncertainties associated with the variations in the thermosphere are responsible for the inaccurate prediction of the orbit decay of low Earth orbiting space objects due to the drag *** forecasting of the thermosphere is urgently required to avoid satellite collisions,which is a potential threat to the rapid growth of spacecraft ***,owing to the imperfections in the physics-based forecast model,the long-range forecast of the thermosphere is still primitive even if the accurate prediction of the external forcing is *** this study,we constructed a novel methodology to forecast the thermosphere for tens of days by specifying the uncertain parameters in a physics-based model using an intelligent optimized particle filtering algorithm.A comparison of the results suggested that this method has the capability of providing a more reliable forecast with more than 30-days leading time for the thermospheric mass density than the existing ones under both weak and severe disturbed conditions,if solar and geomagnetic forcing is ***,the accurate estimation of the state of thermosphere based on this technique would further contribute to the understanding of the temporal and spatial evolution of the upper atmosphere.

关键词： Thermosphere Forecast Intelligent optimized particle filter Uncertain parameters

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A comparative study of the electrical characteristics of positive and negative narrow bipolar events

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第6期7卷 675-683页

作者： FeiFan Liu BaoYou Zhu HeLin Zhou GaoPeng Lu Ming Ma jiuhou lei CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China Provinn AB GothenburgSweden Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

Narrow bipolar events(NBEs)are intriguing intra-cloud discharge that have attracted enormous interest in the lightning *** come with two polarities that dominate at different altitudes in *** sources of negative NBEs are usually located near the top of thunderclouds;those of positive NBEs are at the middle *** may occur at the onset of *** electrical properties of NBEs remain poorly *** present here the first comparative study of the electrical characteristics of negative and positive *** derive electrical parameters from the fast electric field change waveforms of 1673 positive NBEs and 364 negative NBEs recorded by the Jianghuai Area Sferic Array(JASA)in China,we use an improved method based on the transmission line *** approach concludes that negative NBEs occurring at high altitudes tend to produce a narrower current pulse and take a shorter time to traverse the channel than their positive ***,compared to positive NBEs,a larger portion of negative NBEs are associated with slightly greater peak current moments but smaller overall charge *** differences reported herein between electrical properties of negative and positive NBEs suggest that charge distribution in NBE-producing thunderstorms tends to vary systematically with altitude.

关键词： lightning thunderstorm narrow bipolar events

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Prediction of the thermospheric and ionospheric responses to the 21 June 2020 annular solar eclipse

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第3期4卷 231-237页

作者： Tong Dang jiuhou lei WenBin Wang MaoDong Yan DeXin Ren FuQing Huang Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric ResearchBoulderCOUSA

On 21 June 2020,an annular solar eclipse will traverse the low latitudes from Africa to Southeast *** highest latitude of the maximum eclipse obscuration is approximately 30°.This low-latitude solar eclipse provides a unique and unprecedented opportunity to explore the impact of the eclipse on the low-latitude ionosphere–thermosphere(I–T)system,especially in the equatorial ionization anomaly *** this study,we describe a quantitative prediction of the impact of this upcoming solar eclipse on the I–T system by using Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Electrodynamics General Circulation Model simulations.A prominent total electron content(TEC)enhancement of around 2 TEC units occurs in the equatorial ionization anomaly region even when this region is still in the shadow of the *** TEC enhancement lasts for nearly 4.5 hours,long after the solar eclipse has *** model control simulations indicate that the TEC increase is mainly caused by the eclipse-induced transequatorial plasma transport associated with northward neutral wind perturbations,which result from eclipse-induced pressure gradient *** results illustrate that the effect of the solar eclipse on the I–T system is not transient and linear but should be considered a dynamically and energetically coupled system.

关键词： solar eclipse ionosphere thermosphere coupling equatorial ionization anomaly model simulation

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A simulation study of 630 nm and 557.7 nm airglow variations due to dissociative recombination and thermal electrons by high-power HF heating

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2017年第1期1卷 44-52页

作者： Tong Dang jiuhou lei XianKang Dou WeiXing Wan CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of Astronautical Science and Technology Harbin 150001China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

One of the important effects of the ionospheric modification by high-power waves is the airglow enhancement. Both the thermal electrons and the dissociation recombination contribute to generate the airglow emissions during HF heating. However, the relative importance of the airglow emission induced by dissociative recombination and thermal electrons has been rarely investigated. In this study, we carry out a simulation study on the airglow produced by high-power HF heating at nighttime associated with dissociative recombination and thermal electrons. SAMI2(Sami2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere) is employed to simulate the ionospheric variations during the HF heating. The main conclusions from this study are as follows:(1) For the airglow induced by dissociative recombination, both 630.0 nm and 557.7 nm emissions show a decrease at the heating wave reflection height during the heating period,while when the heating is turned off, an increase is shown at lower altitudes. The reduction of airglow during the heating is caused by the rapid increase of electron temperature and the diffusion of plasmas dominates the after-heating airglow enhancement.(2) 630.0 nm emission due to thermal electrons is greatly enhanced at the wave reflection height, indicating that thermal electrons play a major role in exciting 630.0 nm emission. For the 557.7 nm emission, the excitation threshold(4.17 e V) is too high for thermal electrons.(3) The combined effect of dissociative recombination and thermal electrons could be the possible reason for the observed X-mode(extraordinary mode) suppression of 630.0 nm airglow during O-mode(ordinary mode) enhancement.

关键词： airglow thermal electron dissociative recombination HF heating

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Automatic recognition of tweek atmospherics and plasma diagnostics in the lower ionosphere with the machine learning method

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第3期7卷 407-413页

作者： Mao Zhang GaoPeng Lu HaiLiang Huang ZhengWei Cheng YaZhou Chen Steven A.Cummer JiaYi Zheng jiuhou lei School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environment Effects Army Engineering UniversityShijiazhuang CampusShijiazhuang 050003China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

Tweek atmospherics are extremely low frequency and very low frequency pulse signals with frequency dispersion characteristics that originate from lightning discharges and that propagate in the Earth–ionosphere waveguide over long *** this study,we developed an automatic method to recognize tweek atmospherics and diagnose the lower ionosphere based on the machine learning *** differences(automatic−manual)in each ionosphere parameter between the automatic method and the manual method were−0.07±2.73 km,0.03±0.92 cm^(−3),and 91±1,068 km for the ionospheric reflection height(h),equivalent electron densities at reflection heights(Ne),and propagation distance(d),***,the automatic method is capable of recognizing higher harmonic tweek *** evaluation results of the model suggest that the automatic method is a powerful tool for investigating the long-term variations in the lower ionosphere.

关键词： machine learning method tweek atmospherics reflection height D-region ionosphere

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