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Chemical and mechanical properties of stainless, environment-friendly, and nonflammable Mg alloys (sEN alloys): A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 841-872页

作者： Jong Un lee Hyun Ji Kim sang-Cheol Jin Ye Jin Kim Young Min Kim Bong sun You Jun Ho bae sung Hyuk Park Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials science and Metallurgical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Missile Research Institute Agency for Defense DevelopmentDaejeon 34060Republic of Korea

This review article provides overall understanding of stainless,environment-friendly,and nonflammable Mg alloys(sEN alloys)recently developed at the Korea Institute of Materials *** alloys are produced by adding small amounts of Ca and Y(eachsed alloys,resulting in exceptional ignition and corrosion resistances and impressive mechanical *** main advantages of sEN alloys are as follows.(1)A dense multi-oxide layer of sEN alloys comprising MgO,CaO,and Y_(2)O_(3) impedes the outward dispersion of Mg vapor and the inward penetration of O_(2) during oxidation,thereby enhancing the oxidation and ignition resistances.(2)The presence of Ca-and Y-based second-phase particles in sEN alloys can enhance their corrosion resistance because Ca-containing particles prevent the spread of corrosion,and the replacement of Al-containing particles with less noble ones containing Y(e.g.,Al–Mn–Y or Al–Y particles)retards corrosion.(3)The addition of minor amounts of Ca and Y renders excellent mechanical properties due to improved strengthening *** enhanced properties are attributed to more pronounced dynamic recrystallization and grain refining behaviors caused by the second-phase particles during extrusion.(4)Despite the presence of various types of second-phase particles,the fatigue properties of sEN9 alloys are similar to those of commercial AZ91 alloys.(5)simultaneous introduction of Ca and Y suppresses the formation of Mg17Al12 discontinuous precipitates during aging,leading to the enhanced elongation of aged sEN alloys.(6)Adding mischmetal into the sEN9 alloy leads to a six-fold enhancement in ***,the studies conducted on sEN alloys demonstrate their excellent ignition and corrosion resistances and mechanical properties,which broaden the industrial applications of Mg alloys by addressing their inherent weaknesses.

关键词： sEN magnesium alloy Corrosion resistance Ignition resistance Mechanical properties Extrudability.

surgical Repair of Ventricular septal Defect in Neonates: Indications and Outcomes

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 69-83页

作者： Jae Hong lee sungkyu Cho Jae Gun Kwak Hye Won Kwon Woong-Han Kim Mi Kyoung song sang-Yun lee Gi Beom Kim Eun Jung bae Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyPusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsanKorea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoulKorea Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoulKorea

Background:The optimal surgical timing and clinical outcomes of ventricular septal defect(VsD)closure in neo-nates remain *** aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of VsD closure in neonates(age≤30 days).Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 50 consecutive neonates who underwent VsD closure for isolated VsDs between August 2003 and June *** for the procedure included congestive heart failure/failure to thrive and pulmonary *** adverse events(MAEs)were deﬁned as the composite of all-cause mortality,reoperation,persistent atrioventricular block,and signiﬁcant(≥grade 2)valvular ***:The median age and body weight at operation were 26.0 days(interquartile range[IQR],18.8–28.3)and 3.7 kg(IQR,3.3–4.2),*** median follow-up duration was 110.4 months(IQR,56.8–165.0).seven patients required preoperative respiratory support,andﬁve had signiﬁcant(≥grade 2)preoperative valvular *** early mortality occurred due to irreversible cardiogenic shock;no late mortality was *** reopera-tion was due to hemodynamically signiﬁcant residual VsD at 103.8 months *** overall survival,freedom from reoperation,and freedom from MAE at 15-years were 98.0%,96.3%,and 94.4%,***-operative mechanical ventilation was associated with a longer duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation(psive care unit stay(psions:VsD closure with favorable outcomes without morbidities is feasible even in ***,neonates requiring preoperative respiratory support may require careful postoperative management considering the long-term postoperative ***,surgical VsD closure might be indicated earlier in neonates with respiratory compromise.

关键词： Ventricular septal defect neonate early surgery neonatal surgery

Prognostic impact of preoperative nutritional and immune inflammatory parameters on liver cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2024年第2期16卷 266-269页

作者： sung Uk bae Department of surgery School of MedicineDongsan Medical CenterKeimyung UniversityDaegu KS002South Korea

The immune response to tissue damage or infection involves inflammation,a multifaceted biological process distinguished by immune cell activation,mediator secretion,and immune cell recruitment to the site of *** blood-based immune-inflammatory biomarkers with prognostic significance in malignancies have been *** this issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery,they examined the prognosis of liver cancer radical resection in relation to pre-operative systemic immune-inflammation and nutritional risk *** older and younger individuals often reveals compromised nutritional and immu-nological statuses in the ***,performing preoperative evaluations of the nutritional status and immunity in geriatric patients is *** addition to being a primary treatment modality,radical resection is associated with a sig-nificant mortality rate following *** dietary consump-tion and an elevated metabolic rate within tumor cells contribute to the increased proba-bility of malnutrition associated with the ailment,consequently leading to a sub-stantial deterioration in *** studies,reinforce the importance of nu-tritional and immune-inflammatory *** to surgical intervention,geriatric nutritional risk and systemic immune-inflammatory indices should be prioritized,particularly in older patients with malignant diseases.

关键词： systemic immune inflammation index Nutritional risk index Radical resection Liver cancer Prognosis Correlation

Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Ablation in Motor Neurons Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Age-related Motor Neuron Degeneration with Muscle Loss

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 637-649页

作者： Hyun-Kyung so Hyebeen Kim Jinwoo lee Chang-Lim You Chae-Eun Yun Hyeon-Ju Jeong Eun-Ju Jin Yunju Jo Dongryeol Ryu Gyu-Un bae Jong-sun Kang Department of Molecular Cell Biology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea single Cell Network Research Center Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea Research Institute of Aging-Related Diseases AniMusCureInc.SuwonKorea Drug Information Research Institute Muscle Physiome Research CenterCollege of PharmacySookmyung Women’s UniversitySeoulKorea

Neuromuscular dysfunction is tightly associated with muscle wasting that occurs with age or due to degenerative ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying neuromuscular dysfunction are currently *** studies have proposed important roles of Protein arginine methyltransferase 1(Prmt1)in muscle stem cell function and muscle *** the current study,we set out to determine the role of Prmt1 in neuromuscular function by generating mice with motor neuron-specific ablation of Prmt1(mnKO)using *** exhibited age-related motor neuron degeneration and neuromuscular dysfunction leading to premature muscle loss and ***1 deficiency also impaired motor function recovery and muscle reinnervation after sciatic nerve *** transcriptome analysis of aged mnKO lumbar spinal cords revealed alterations in genes related to inflammation,cell death,oxidative stress,and ***,mnKO lumbar spinal cords of sciatic nerve injury model or aged mice exhibited elevated cellular stress response in motor ***,Prmt1 inhibition in motor neurons elicited mitochondrial *** findings demonstrate that Prmt1 ablation in motor neurons causes agerelated motor neuron degeneration attributing to muscle ***,Prmt1 is a potential target for the prevention or intervention of sarcopenia and neuromuscular dysfunction related to aging.

关键词： degeneration impaired prevention

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for undifferentiated type early gastric cancer over 2 cm with R0 resection

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 326-334页

作者： Jun Yong bae Chang Beom Ryu Moon sung lee Kulwinder s Dua Internal Medicine and Digestive Disease Center Seoul Medical CenterSeoul 02053South Korea Internal Medicine and Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Soon Chun Hyang University of School of MedicineBucheon 14584South Korea Department of Medicine Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(EsD)for over 2 cm in size undifferentiated type(UD type)early gastric cancer(EGC)confined to the mucosa is not only challenging,but also long-term outcomes are not well *** To evaluate the long-term outcomes of EsD done for UD type EGCs confined to the mucosa over 2 cm in size and compare the results with those where the lesions were less than 2 *** 143 patients with UD type EGC confirmed on histology after EsD at a tertiary hospital were *** with synchronous and metachronous lesions and a case with emergency surgery after EsD were excluded.A total of 137 cases were enrolled.79 cases who underwent R0 resection were divided into 2 cm or less(group A)and over 2 cm(group B)in *** Among 79 patients who underwent R0 resection,the number in group A and B were 51 and 28,*** mean follow-up period(sD)was 79.71±45.42 *** was a local recurrence in group A(1/51,2%)and group B(1/28,3.6%)*** patient in group A underwent surgery while the patient in group B underwent repeated EsD with no further recurrences in both *** was no regional lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,and deaths in both *** R0 resection strategy for EsD on lesions over 2 cm,20.4%(28/137)of patients were able to avoid surgery compared with expanded *** If R0 resection is achieved by EsD,UD type EGCs over 2 cm also showed good and similar clinical outcomes as compared to lesions less than 2 cm when followed for over 5 *** R0 resection strategy,several patients can avoid surgery.

关键词： Undifferentiated type early gastric cancer Endoscopic submucosal dissection Long term outcomes Over 2 cm Early gastric cancer

Neuromodulation of the peripheral nervous system:Bioelectronic technology and prospective developments

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BMEMat(BioMedical Engineering Materials) 2024年第1期2卷 88-114页

作者： Hayoung song Moohyun Kim Enji Kim Jakyoung lee Inhea Jeong Kyeonghee Lim seoung Young Ryu Myoungjae Oh Younhee Kim Jang-ung Park Department of Materials science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)SeoulSouth Korea Department of Neurosurgery Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering(NanoBME) Advanced Science InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The peripheral nervous system(PNs)is a fascinatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,responsible for transmitting vital signals throughout the body's intricate network of *** efficient functioning is paramount to our health,with any dysfunction often resulting in serious medical conditions,including motor disorders,neurological diseases,and psychiatric *** strides in science and technology have made neuromodulation of the PNs a promising avenue for addressing these health *** involves modifying nerve activity using a range of techniques,such as electrical,chemical,optical,and mechanical *** plays a critical role in this effort,allowing for precise,controlled,and sustained stimulation of the *** paper provides an overview of the PNs,discusses the current state of neuromodulation devices,and presents emerging trends in the field,including advances in wireless power transfer and materials,that are shaping the future of neuromodulation.

关键词： bioelectronics neuromodulation peripheral nervous system

Benefit in physical function and quality of life to nonsurgical treatment of varicose veins: Pilot study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 517-524页

作者： Gwon-Min Kim BoKun Kim Minwoo Jang Jong-Hwan Park Miju bae Chung Won lee Jong Won Kim Up Huh Medical Research Institute Pusan National University School of MedicineYangsan 50612South Korea Future Convergence Research Institute Changwon National UniversityChangwon 51140South Korea Department of Convergence Medical science School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612South Korea Health Convergence Medicine Laboratory Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery Pusan National University School of MedicineBiomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea

BACKGROUND studies on varicose veins have focused its effects on physical function;however,whether nonsurgical treatments alter muscle oxygenation or physical function remains ***,the differences in such functions between individuals with varicose veins and healthy individuals remain *** To investigate changes in physical function and the quality of life(QOL)following nonsurgical treatment of patients with varicose veins and determine the changes in their muscle oxygenation during *** We enrolled 37 participants(those with varicose veins,n=17;healthy individuals,n=20).We performed the following measurements pre-and post-nonsurgical treatment in the varicose vein patients and healthy individuals:Calf muscle oxygenation during the two-minute step test,open eyes one-leg stance,30 s sit-to-stand test,visual analog scale(VAs)for pain,Pittsburgh sleep quality index,physical activity assessment,and QOL *** Varicose veins patients and healthy individuals differ in most variables(physical function,sleep quality,and QOL).Varicose veins patients showed significant differences between pre-and post-nonsurgical treatment—results in the 30 sit-to-stand test[14.41(2.45)to 16.35(4.11),P=0.018],two-minute step test[162.29(25.98)to 170.65(23.80),P=0.037],VAs for pain[5.35(1.90)to 3.88(1.73),P=0.004],and QOL[39.34(19.98)to 26.69(17.02),P=0.005];however,no significant difference was observed for muscle *** Nonsurgical treatment improved lower extremity function and QOL in varicose veins patients,bringing their condition close to that of healthy *** studies should include patients with severe varicose veins requiring surgery to confirm our findings.

关键词： Varicose vein Nonsurgical treatment Physical function Quality of life Near infrared spectroscopy

superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanisms

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： H.T.Jeong s.W.lee W.J.Kim Department of Materials science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the BCCβphase and a small amount of the HCPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and *** the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to *** the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain *** mechanism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-Li alloys in the form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanisms derived based on the data of the current tests.

关键词： Magnesium-lithium alloy superplasticity severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

Retinal artery/arteriole occlusion risks after endovascular treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysm

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 295-305,I0251-I0263页

作者： Hae Rang Kim Min Jeoung Kim sunyeup Kim Myung soo Chang Dong Joon Kim Byung Moon Kim Keun Young Park Yong bae Kim Christopher s.ungkyu lee suk Ho Byeon sung soo Kim s.ung Won lee Yong Joon Kim Department of Ophthalmology CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University College of MedicineSeongnamKorea(the Republic of) Department of Neurosurgery Severance Stroke CenterSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea(the Republic of) Department of Neurosurgery Uijeongbu St.Mary’s HospitalThe Catholic University of Korea College of MedicineUijeongbuKorea(the Republic of) Department of Medical AI Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea(the Republic of) Department of Ophthalmology Institute of Vision ResearchYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea(the Republic of) Department of Radiology Severance Stroke CenterSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea(the Republic of) Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea(the Republic of)

Background To evaluate the association between retinal artery/arteriole occlusion(RAO)and unruptured intracranial aneurysm(UIA).Methods Incident UIA patients from a nationwide cohort(n=253240)were categorised into three groups based on subsequent treatment:observation(n=208993),microsurgical clipping(n=14168)and endovascular treatment(EVT)groups(n=30079).The incidence and the incident time of RAO were *** of RAO and associated risk factors were ***,a hospital cohort comprising 2569 consecutive UIA patients treated at a tertiary hospital was analysed with detailed clinical information of *** In the nationwide cohort analysis,the incidence of RAO was significantly higher in EVT group than in observation and clipping groups,especially within 60 days(early RAO(within 60 days):HR=4.00,95%CI:2.44 to 6.56);delayed RAO(after 60 days:HR=1.74,95%CI:1.13 to 2.68).Multivariable analysis showed that the presence of chronic kidney disease(p=0.009)and use of a balloon microcatheter during the procedure(p=0.013)were associated with a higher risk of *** hospital cohort analysis,11(0.8%)cases of RAO occurred after EVT,whereas none occurred after microsurgical clipping(ps with RAO were younger and received balloon microcatheters more frequently than their *** cases of RAO(90.9%)occurred in paraclinoid aneurysms,where EVT was preferred over microsurgical *** Performing EVT for UIA may increase the risk of subsequent *** should be taken when treating paraclinoid aneurysms with balloon microcatheters.

关键词： treatment nationwide balloon