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Estimation of Non-CO_2 GHGs Emissions by Analyzing Burn Severity in the Samcheok Fire,South Korea

Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第6期9卷 731-741页

作者： WON Myoung Soo KOO Kyo Sang lee Myung Bo lee woo kyun KANG Kyu-Young Division of Forest Disaster Management Korea Forest Research Institute130712 SeoulRepublic of Korea Faculty of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University-Seoul136701 SeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Biological and Environmental Science Dongguk University-Seoul100715 SeoulRepublic of Korea

This study was performed to estimate the emission of non-CO 2 greenhouse gases(GHGs) from biomass burning at a large fire *** extended methodology adopted the IPCC Guidelines(2003) equation for use on data from the Samcheok forest fire gathered using 30 m resolution Landsat TM satellite imagery,digital forest type maps,and growing stock information per hectare by forest type in *** burn ratio(NBR) technique was employed to analyze the area and severity of the Samcheok forest fire that occurred in *** differences between NBR from pre-and post-fire datasets are examined to determine the extent and degree of change detected from *** results of burn severity analysis by dNBR of the Samcheok forest fire area revealed that a total of 16,200 ha of forest were *** proportion of the area characterized by a 'Low' burn severity(dNBR below 152) was 35%,with 'Moderate'(dNBR 153-190) and 'High'(dNBR 191-255) areas were at 33% and 32%,*** combustion efficiency for burn severity was calculated as 0.43 for crown fire where burn severity was 'High',as 0.40 for 'Moderate' severity,and 0.15 for 'Low' severity surface *** emission factors for estimating non-CO 2 GHGs were separately applied to CO 130,CH 4 9,NO x 0.7 and N 2 O ***-CO 2 GHGs emissions from biomass burning in the Samcheok forest fire area were estimated to be CO 44.100,CH 4 3.053,NO x 0.238 and N 2 O 0.038 Gg.

关键词： Biomass burning Non-CO 2 GHGs Normalized burn ratio Combustion efficiency Emission factor Landsat TM

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Changes in the distribution of South Korean forest vegetation simulated using thermal gradient indices

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 784-797页

作者： CHOI Sungho lee woo-kyun SON Yowhan YOO Seongjin LIM Jong-Hwan Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Korea Forest Research Institute

To predict changes in South Korean vegetation distribution,the Warmth Index(WI) and the Minimum Temperature of the Coldest Month Index(MTCI) were *** climate data of the past 30 years,from 1971 to 2000,was obtained from the Korea Meteorological *** Fifth-Generation National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCAR) /Penn State Mesoscale Model(MM5) was used as a source for future climatic data under the A1B scenario from the Special Report on Emission Scenario(SRES) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC).To simulate future vegetation distribution due to climate change,the optimal habitat ranges of Korean tree species were delimited by the thermal gradient indices,such as WI and *** categorize the Thermal Analogy Groups(TAGs) for the tree species,the WI and MTCI were orthogonally plotted on a two-dimensional grid *** TAGs were then designated by the analogue composition of tree species belonging to the optimal WI and MTCI *** a result of the clustering process,22 TAGs were generated to explain the forest vegetation distribution in *** primary change in distribution for these TAGs will likely be in the shrinkage of areas for the TAGs related to Pinus densiflora and ***,and in the expansion of the other TAG areas,mainly occupied by evergreen broad-leaved trees,such as Camellia japonica,Cyclobalanopsis glauca,and Schima *** the TAGs to explain the effects of climate change on vegetation distribution on a more regional scale resulted in greater detail than previously used global or continental scale vegetation models.

关键词： climate change forest distribution warmth index minimum temperature thermal analogy group

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Estimation of effective plant area index for South Korean forests using LiDAR system

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 898-908页

作者： KWAK Doo-Ahn lee woo-kyun KAFATOS Menas SON Yowhan CHO Hyun-Kook lee Seung-Ho Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Center of Excellence in Earth Observing Schmid College of ScienceChapman University Division of Forest Resources Information Korea Forest Research Institute

Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR) systems can be used to estimate both vertical and horizontal forest *** components,the leaves of trees and the understory can be described with high precision,using geo-registered *** on this concept,the Effective Plant Area Indices(PAIe) for areas of Korean Pine(Pinus koraiensis),Japanese Larch(Larix leptolepis) and Oak(Quercus spp.) were estimated by calculating the ratio of intercepted and incident LIDAR laser rays for the canopies of the three forest ***,the canopy gap fraction(GLiDAR) was generated by extracting the LiDAR data reflected from the canopy surface,or inner canopy area,using k-means *** LiDAR-derived PAIe was then estimated by using GLIDAR with the Beer-Lambert law.A comparison of the LiDAR-derived and field-derived PAIe revealed the coefficients of determination for Korean Pine,Japanese Larch and Oak to be 0.82,0.64 and 0.59,*** differences between field-based and LIDAR-based PAIe for the different forest types were attributed to the amount of leaves and branches in the forest *** absence of leaves,in the case of both Larch and Oak,meant that the LiDAR pulses were only reflected from *** probability that the LiDAR pulses are reflected from bare branches is low as compared to the reflection from branches with a high leaf *** is because the size of the branch is smaller than the resolution across and along the 1 meter LIDAR laser ***,a better predictive accuracy would be expected for the model if the study would be repeated in late spring when the shoots and leaves of the deciduous trees begin to appear.

关键词： leaf area index plant area index LiDAR k-means clustering gap fraction beer-lambert law

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Spatio-temporal change in forest cover and carbon storage considering actual and potential forest cover in South Korea

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 713-723页

作者： NAM Kijun lee woo-kyun KIM Moonil KWAK Doo-Ahn BYUN woo-Hyuk YU Hangnan KWAK Hanbin KWON Taesung SUNG Joohan CHUNG Dong-Jun lee Seung-Ho Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University GIS/RS Center for Environmental Resources Korea University Division of Forest Ecology Korea Forest Research Institute National Forestry Cooperative Federation Division of Forest Economics & Management Korea Forest Research Institute

This study analyzes change in carbon storage by applying forest growth models and final cutting age to actual and potential forest cover for six major tree species in South Korea. Using National Forest Inventory data, the growth models were developed to estimate mean diameter at breast height, tree height, and number of trees for Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus rigida, Larix kaernpferi, Castanea crenata and Quercus spp. stands. We assumed that actual forest cover in a forest type map will change into potential forest covers according to the Hydrological and Thermal Analogy Groups model. When actual forest cover reaches the final cutting age, forest volume and carbon storage are estimated by changed forest cover and its growth model. Forest volume between 2010 and 2110 would increase from 126.73 to 157.33 m^3 hm^-2. Our results also show that forest cover, volume, and carbon storage could abruptly change by 2060. This is attributed to the fact that most forests are presumed to reach final cutting age. To avoid such dramatic change, a regeneration and yield control scheme should be prepared and implemented in a way that ensures balance in forest practice and yield.

关键词： climate change final cutting age carbon storage national forestry inventory forest growth model

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Estimation of carbon storage based on individual tree detection in Pinus densiflora stands using a fusion of aerial photography and LiDAR data

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 885-897页

作者： KIM So-Ra KWAK Doo-Ahn lee woo-kyun SON Yowhan BAE Sang-Won KIM Choonsig YOO Seongjin Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Forest Practice Research Center Korea Forest Research Institute Departement of Forest Resources Jinju National University

The objective of this study was to estimate the carbon storage capacity of Pinus densiflora stands using remotely sensed data by combining digital aerial photography with light detection and ranging(LiDAR) data.A digital canopy model(DCM),generated from the LiDAR data,was combined with aerial photography for segmenting crowns of individual *** eliminate errors in over and under-segmentation,the combined image was smoothed using a Gaussian filtering *** processed image was then segmented into individual trees using a marker-controlled watershed segmentation *** measuring the crown area from the segmented individual trees,the individual tree diameter at breast height(DBH) was estimated using a regression function developed from the relationship observed between the field-measured DBH and crown *** above ground biomass of individual trees could be calculated by an image-derived DBH using a regression function developed by the Korea Forest Research *** carbon storage,based on individual trees,was estimated by simple multiplication using the carbon conversion index(0.5),as suggested in guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate *** mean carbon storage per individual tree was estimated and then compared with the field-measured *** study suggested that the biomass and carbon storage in a large forest area can be effectively estimated using aerial photographs and LiDAR data.

关键词： LiDAR aerial photograph region growing marker-control watershed segmentation carbon storage

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基于温度指数-温暖指数和最冷月低温对韩国森林植被分布变化的模拟

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中国科学：生命科学 2010年第7期40卷 595-595页

作者： CHOI Sungho lee woo-kyun SON Yowhan YOO Seongjin Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 136-713Korea

利用温暖指数（WI）和最冷月平均最低气温（MTCI）预测韩国森林覆盖和植被分布的变化.为模拟气候变化引起的植被分布变化,利用过去30年（1971-2000年）的气候数据和第5代NCAR和PennState Mesoscale模型（MM5）计算得到IPCC特别报告中A1... 详细信息

利用温暖指数（WI）和最冷月平均最低气温（MTCI）预测韩国森林覆盖和植被分布的变化.为模拟气候变化引起的植被分布变化,利用过去30年（1971-2000年）的气候数据和第5代NCAR和PennState Mesoscale模型（MM5）计算得到IPCC特别报告中A1B情景下的未来气候数据.WI和MTCI是非常重要的热量指标,它们与植物获得的有效热量和抗寒能力密切相关,树种的最适分布范围也受这两种热量指标的影响.为获得树种的热量相似组合（TAG）,将树种分布范围的WI和MTCI配置于二维网格图上,然后根据处于相似WI和MTCI范围的树种划为同一TAG.通过聚类分析产生出17种用于解释韩国森林植被分布的TAG.预测结果显示,未来几年韩国境内的WI和MTCI分布将向右上方移动.同时发现,与Pinusdensiflora和***等种类有关的热量相似组合的面积将会缩小,而常绿阔叶树（如Camellia japonica,Cyclobalanopsis glauca）占优势的热量相似组合的面积将扩大.与过去使用的全球或大陆尺度的植被模型相比,针对TAG的过程分析能够更明确地解释气候变化在区域尺度上的影响.

关键词：气候变化森林分布温暖指数最低气温热量相似组合

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利用激光雷达数据估算韩国森林有效植被面积指数

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中国科学：生命科学 2010年第7期40卷 678-678页

作者： KWAK Doo-Ahn lee woo-kyun KAFATOS Menas CHO Hyun-Kook Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Seoul 136-713 Korea Center of Excellence in Earth Observing Schmid College of Science Chapman University Orange CA 92866 USA Division of Forest Resources Information Korea Forest Research Institute Seoul 136-012 Korea

雷达系统能够同时探测森林的水平结构和垂直结构,结合地面控制点还可以高精度地描绘森林中的树干、树冠及林下植被.基于此理念,通过计算雷达激光束被拦截的比例估算红松(Pinus koraiensis)、日本落叶松(Larix leptolepis)和栎类(Quercus... 详细信息

雷达系统能够同时探测森林的水平结构和垂直结构,结合地面控制点还可以高精度地描绘森林中的树干、树冠及林下植被.基于此理念,通过计算雷达激光束被拦截的比例估算红松(Pinus koraiensis)、日本落叶松(Larix leptolepis)和栎类(Quercus sp.)的有效植被面积指数(PAIe).从冠层表面或冠层内部反射的雷达数据中利用k-均值聚类方法提取林隙分数(GLIDAR),根据比尔-朗伯吸收定律和GLIDAR计算PAIe.结果显示,利用雷达数据推算的红松、日本落叶松和栎类的PAIe与实际测量的PAIe之间的相关系数分别为0.82,0.64和0.59.不同树种之间雷达测量值与实测值之间相关性的差异,主要来自于叶片与枝条数量的不同.如果没有树叶,激光雷达的脉冲只能由枝条反射,然而枝条的大小往往小于激光雷达的分辨率(1m),所以与长满树叶的枝条相比,光秃的枝条反射雷达脉冲的几率非常小.因此,若在春季末期树叶出现后进行此类研究,估算的准确度将有所提高.

关键词：叶面积指数植被面积指数激光雷达 k-均值聚类林隙比尔-朗伯吸收定律

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利用航空影像和雷达数据估算韩国单株个体赤松林的碳储量

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中国科学：生命科学 2010年第7期40卷 677-677页

作者： KIM So-Ra KWAK Doo-Ahn lee woo-kyun SON Yowhan BAE Sang-Won KIM Choonsig YOO Seongjin Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Seoul 136-701 Korea Forest Practice Research Center Korea Forest Research Institute Kyeonggi-Do 487-821 Korea Departement of Forest Resources Jinju National University Jinju 660-758 Korea

利用航空影像和激光雷达数据,对韩国赤松林的碳储量进行了估算.基于雷达数据建立数字冠层模型,再与航空影像融合,进而划分单株树木的冠幅范围.为消除分段误差,采用高斯滤波方法对融合后的影像进行平滑,然后利用标记控制阈值分割方法提... 详细信息

利用航空影像和激光雷达数据,对韩国赤松林的碳储量进行了估算.基于雷达数据建立数字冠层模型,再与航空影像融合,进而划分单株树木的冠幅范围.为消除分段误差,采用高斯滤波方法对融合后的影像进行平滑,然后利用标记控制阈值分割方法提取出单株树木的冠幅范围,再通过建立实测冠幅面积和胸径间的回归方程计算出单株树木的胸径.在此基础上,利用韩国森林研究所建立的回归模型,计算单株树木的地上生物量.单株树木的碳储量由地上生物量乘以转化系数(0.5)得到.结果显示,用此方法估算的平均单株树木碳储量为193.7kgC,与实际测量值223.8kgC较为接近,说明本研究提供的基于航空影像和雷达的方法,可以有效地估算大面积森林树木的生物量和碳储量.

关键词：激光雷达航空影像区域生长量标记控制阈值分割法碳储量

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Erratum to:Estimation of carbon storage based on individual tree detection in Pinus densiflora stands using a fusion of aerial photography and LiDAR data

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 1162-1162页

In the online version of the article the name of the third author is *** correct name is lee woo-kyun.

关键词： Erratum to

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Winter distribution of diatom assemblages along the coastline of *** in 2010

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第6期41卷 68-77页

作者： Joon Sang Park kyun-woo lee Seung Won Jung Taek-kyun lee Hyoung Min Joo Library of Marine Samples Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyGeoje 53201R.O.Korea Marine Biotechnology Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyBusan 49111R.O.Korea Risk Assessment Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyGeoje 53201R.O.Korea Unit of Next Generation IBRV Building Program Korea Polar Research InstituteIncheon 21990R.O.Korea

Diatoms are a globally successful and eukaryotic photosynthetic organism with an ornamented silica external *** relationship between their valve morphology and habitat means that diatoms can be used as bioindicators to characterize the aquatic *** estimate the differential distribution and diversity of diatom assemblages along the coastal line,we collected phytoplankton samples from 114 coastal sites of waters of *** applied the unweighted pair-group technique using the arithmetic averages clustering method to cluster the sampling sites,apart from those where the biota consisted of other groups,such as dinoflagellates,into four regions:the Yellow Sea,South Sea,southern East Sea,and northern East *** species analysis in each region led to the selection of tychoplanktonic,chain-forming,attached species to substrates and psychrophilic indicator diatoms,respectively,each of which represented a planktonic lifestyle associated with one of the four *** study shows the diatom assemblages to serve as bioindicators of Korean coastal water in winter,and the subsequent seasonal survey will provide a starting point for the improved understanding of Korean diatom-based ecoregions,in both time and space.

关键词： diatom assemblage indicator species life-form Korean coastal waters species diversity

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