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Recent Advances in Catalytic Carbonylation Reactions in Alternative Reaction Media

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Árvai lászló t.Mika Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

Since the discovery of the hydroformylation(oxo-synthesis or Roelen reaction)and the Reppe-reaction,the transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions,providing versatile,facile,and even atom-economic methods for the selective incorporation of C=O functionality to various skeletons,have gained tremendous importance in synthetic organic chemistry from laboratories to industrial *** carbonylation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds,aromatic halides,triflates,etc.,in the presence of various nucleophiles has led the way to produce aldehydes,carboxylic acids,esters,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical ***,these protocols usually proceed in conventional,fossil-based,and usually toxic reaction ***,several attempts have been directed to developing efficient carbonylation methods in alternative,less harmful,non-fossil-based and even in renewable reaction *** this review,we overview the recent applications of alternative solvents such as water,biomass-based alcohols,γ-valerolactone(GVl),2-methyltetrahydrofuran(2-MetHF),ionic liquids(Ils),deep eutectic solvents(DES),alkyl levulinates,limonene,α-pinene,and dimethyl carbonate as well as fluorous media to improve efficiency,safety and environmentally benign nature of carbonylation protocols.

关键词： Carbonylation Catalysis Solvents Green chemistry Carbon monoxide transition metals Homogeneous catalysis Palladium

Experimental and numerical investigation to elucidate the fluid flow through packed beds with structured particle packings

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 218-237页

作者： Shirin Patil Christian Gorges Joel lòpez Bonilla Moritz Stelter Frank Beyrau Berend van Wachem laboratory of technical thermodynamics Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

the present paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the dispersion of the gaseous jet flow and co-flow for the simple unit cell(SUC)and body-centred cubic(BCC)configuration of particles in packed *** experimental setup is built in such a way that suitable and simplified boundary conditions are imposed for the corresponding numerical framework,so the simulations can be done under very similar conditions as the ***,a porous plate is used for the co-flow to achieve the uniform velocity and the fully developed flow is ensured for the jet *** SUC and BCC particle beds consist of 3D-printed spheres,and the non-isotropy near the walls is mostly eliminated by placing half-spheres at the channel *** flow velocities are analysed directly at the exit of the particle bed for both beds over 36 pores for the SUC configuration and 60 pores for the BCC configuration,for particle Reynolds numbers of 200,300,and *** particle image velocimetry is experimentally arranged in such a way that the velocities over the entire region at the exit of the packed bed are obtained *** numerical method consists of a state-of-the-art immersed boundary method with adaptive mesh *** paper presents the pore jet structure and velocity field exiting from each pore for the SUC and BCC packed particle *** numerical and experimental studies show a good agreement for the SUC configuration for all flow *** the BCC configuration,some differences can be observed in the pore jet flow structure between the simulations and the experiments,but the general flow velocity distribution shows a good overall *** axial velocity is generally higher for the pores located near the centre of the packed bed than for the pores near the *** addition,the axial velocities are observed to increase near the peripheral pores of the packed *** behaviour is predominant for the BCC configuration as compared to t

关键词： Uniform particle packing Packed bed reactor Stereo particle image velocimetry Immersed boundary method

Nonlinear-Optical Analogies in Nuclear-like Soliton Reactions:Selection Rules,Nonlinear tunneling and Sub-Barrier Fusion–Fission

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Chinese Physics letters 2024年第8期41卷 1-7页

作者： t.l.Belyaeva V.N.Serkin Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Av.Instituto Literario 100C.P.50000TolucaMexico Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Av.4 Sur 104C.P.72001PueblaMexico

the main goal of our study is to reveal unexpected but intriguing analogies arising between optical solitons and nuclear physics,which still remain hidden from *** consider the main cornerstones of the concept of nonlinear optics of nuclear reactions and the well-dressed repulsive-core *** the base of this model,we reveal the most intriguing properties of the nonlinear tunneling of nucleus-like solitons and the soliton selfinduced sub-barrier transparency *** describe novel interesting and stimulating analogies between the interaction of nucleus-like solitons on the repulsive barrier and nuclear sub-barrier *** main finding of this study concerns the conservation of total number of nucleons(or the baryon number)in nuclear-like soliton *** show that inelastic interactions among well-dressed repulsive-core solitons arise only when a“cloud”of“dressing”spectral side-bands appears in the frequency spectra of the *** property of nucleus-like solitons is directly related to the nuclear density distribution described by the dimensionless small shape-squareness *** the Fourier spectra of nucleus-like solitons are similar to the nuclear form *** show that the nuclear-like reactions between well-dressed solitons are realized by“exchange”between“particle-like”side bands in their spectra.

关键词： solitons soliton Nonlinear

A review of whole-medical systems and holistic care approach for type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic syndrome

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 199-209页

作者： loveness Makoni Idah t.Manduna Alaisa l.Mbiriri Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology(CAFSaB) Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Adventist Development and Relief Agency(ADRA) 5 Cecil RoadGreendaleHarare 0000Zimbabwe

Whole-person care and holistic care approach has been proposed for complementary and integrative health care for type 2 diabetes ***,some doubts still exist on the feasibility of replicating processes followed in clinical trials and observational studies in real-world *** narrative literature review summarized and assessed existing clinical evidence(clinical trials,observational studies,and case reports)describing holistic and integrated care approach in adult and adolescent individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical *** goal was to highlight existing evidence for implementation and outcomes of whole-medical systems and holistic integrated care approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus.A nonsystematic literature search was performed on Google Scholar,PubMed,Web of Science,ProQuest and ScienceDirect to identify clinical evidence from different parts of the world,evaluating the use of whole-medical systems and/or holistic care interventions in clinical practice for management of type 2 diabetes *** keywords were used in the *** were analyzed using content analysis and simple descriptive statistics(percentages).Most of the studies(64%)were mainly conducted in Eastern countries(India,China and Israel)while 36%of the studies were conducted in the Western countries(USA,Netherlands,Canada and Mexico).lifestyle medicine and integrated naturopathy were shown to be the commonly used whole-medical systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus *** improvements in type 2 diabetes parameters,medication use,other symptoms,and overall feeling of wellness were observed in all *** review study revealed limited utilization and/or documentation of whole-medical systems or holistic care treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus in regions of the world other than eastern *** medicine,naturopathy,yoga,Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine were shown to be effective for type 2 diabetes mellitu

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine Holistic care Integrative medicine type 2 diabetes mellitus team-based intervention

CD4^(+)t cells produce IFN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic t-cell activity in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij J.P.Welters tom de Wit Ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia J.Santegoets timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe van der Veen Joris l.Vos Charlotte l.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de Miranda Heinz Jacobs Sjoerd H.van der Burg Jannie Borst Yanling Xiao Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.V. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)t cells can"help"or"license" conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic t lymphocyte(Ctl)anticancer responses,as proven in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s with a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)t-cell help,specifically in t-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a good prognosis and response to PD-1-targeting ***,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)t cells in *** CD4^(+)t cells produce IFNβvia the StING pathway,which promotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improves their ability to induce Ctl anticancer *** cooperation with CD40 ligand(l),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for Ctl response ***-I-producing CD4^(+)t cells are present in diverse t-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help”signals to Ctls locally,according to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization with“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)t *** agreement with this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)t cells in the tME is associated with overall survival and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)t-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation Ctl priming tumor control

Reply to the note by li Piani et al.

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 603-606页

作者： t.li Piani J.Weerheijm l.J.Sluys tU Delft Stevinweg 12628 CNDelftthe Netherlands tNO PO Box 452280 AARijswijkthe Netherlands NlDA Faculty of Military Sciences1781 CADen Helderthe Netherlands

In 2017,a ballistic phenomenological model was proposed by the authors of Ref.[1] to numerically simulate the experimental depths of small caliber projectiles impacting walls made of *** opportunity for a new model in the field revealed from the observation that two older models recently used by the authors of Ref.[2] shared a linear relationship between the penetration depth P and the impacting velocity v_(O).

关键词： Penetration Adobe Modeling

Excess dietary lys reduces feed intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and alters essential and non‑essential blood AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： Maximiliano Muller Elout van liefferinge Alan tilbrook Robert van Barneveld Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality(lANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork Group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background Commercial diets are frequently formulated to meet or exceed nutrient levels including those of lim-iting essential amino acids(AA)covering potential individual variations within the ***,the provision of dietary excess of AA,such as lys,may lead to reduced appetite and growth in *** mechanisms modulat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** study evaluated the effect of lys dietary excesses on performance and satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** twenty-four pigs aged 21 d and weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEM)were individually housed and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 3weeks:a diet containing a standardized ileal digestible lys reaching 100%(t0),120%(t1),150%(t2)or 200%(t3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end of the experiment,blood samples from the cephalic vein of the t0 and t3 groups were obtained for AA *** addition,primary intestinal cultures from t0 pigs were used,following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of lys on gut hormone secretion and AA sensors gene expression under ex vivo *** Feed intake was linearly reduced(Pthe weight gain to feed ratio reduced(Pth increased dietary levels of lys during the third-and first-week post weaning,*** con-centration(Pthe metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and the solute carrier family 7 member 2(Pl jejunum tissues incubated with lys at 20mmol/l when compared to the control(lys 0mmol/l).Plasma lys and Glu(Ptration increased in the t3 compared to t0 *** contrast,plasma levels of His,Val,thr,leu(Pln(Plower in t3 than t0 *** the present results confirm that excess dietary lys inhibits hunger in ***,the results provide evidence of pre-and post-absorptive mechanisms modulating these *** dietary excesses should be nar-rowed,when possible,to avoid negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed intake lysine Pig Satiety

low crude protein formulation with supplemental amino acids for its impacts on intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1590-1606页

作者： Marcos Elias Duarte Wanpuech Parnsen Shihai Zhang Marvio l.t.Abreu Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Background low crude protein(CP)formulations with supplemental amino acids(AA)are used to enhance intestinal health,reduce costs,minimize environmental impact,and maintain growth performance of ***,extensive reduction of dietary CP can compromise growth performance due to limited synthesis of non-essential AA and limited availability of bioactive compounds from protein supplements even when AA requirements are ***,implementing a low CP formulation can increase the net energy(NE)content in feeds causing excessive fat *** supplementation of functional AA,coupled with low CP formulation could further enhance intestinal health and glucose metabolism,improving nitrogen utilization,and growth *** experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of low CP formulations with supplemental AA on the intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing *** In Exp.1,90 pigs(19.7±1.1 kg,45 barrows and 45 gilts)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(18.0%CP,supplementing lys,Met,and thr),lCP(16.0%CP,supplementing lys,Met,thr,trp,and Val),and lCPt(16.1%CP,lCP+0.05%SID trp).In Exp.2,72 pigs(34.2±4.2 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(17.7%CP,meeting the requirements of lys,Met,thr,and trp);lCP(15.0%CP,meeting lys,thr,trp,Met,Val,Ile,and Phe);and VlCP(12.8%CP,meeting lys,thr,trp,Met,Val,Ile,Phe,His,and leu).In Exp.3,72 pigs(54.1±5.9 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatments and fed experimental diets for 3 phases(grower 2,finishing 1,and finishing 2).treatments were CON(18.0%,13.8%,12.7%CP for 3 phases;meeting lys,Met,thr,and trp);lCP(13.5%,11.4%,10.4%CP for 3 phases;meeting lys,thr,trp,Met,Val,Ile,and Phe);and lCPG(14.1%,12.8%,11.1%CP for 3 phases;lCP+Glu to match SID Glu with CON).All diets had 2.6 Mcal/kg *** In Exp.1,overall,the growth performance did not differ among *** lCPt increased(Plaudin-1 expression in the duodenum and *** lCP and lCPt increased(Pt-1,4F2hc,and B0At exp

关键词： Amino acids Growing-finishing pigs Growth performance Intestinal health low crude protein formulation Net energy

In situ tEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.lv H.l.Ge Q.Q.Jin X.H.Shao Y.t.Zhou B.Zhang X.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)alloy to improve the *** results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β'precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging,which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation Hardening Precipitates In-situ tEM