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Cognition and movement in neurodegenerative disorders:a dynamic duo

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2101-2102页

作者： Marit f.l.Ruitenberg Department of Health Medical and NeuropsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leidenthe Netherlands

People with neurodegenerative disorders often experience problems across a variety of functional domains,including cognition,movement,and psychosocial *** classification of these disorders is based on the phenotypical manifestations that represent the most prominent clinical *** example,Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are typically regarded as movement disorders,whereas Alzheimer's disease(AD) and other dementias are regarded as cognitive disorders.

关键词： disorders Huntington degenerative

Unsupervised learning of charge-discharge cycles from various lithium-ion battery cells to visualize dataset characteristics and to interpret model performance

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 397-405页

作者： Akihiro Yamashita Sascha berg Egbert figgemeier Helmholtz Institute Münster:Ionics in Energy Storage(IMD-4/HI MS) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives(ISEA) RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Jülich Aachen Research Alliance JARA-EnergyGermany

Machine learning (Ml) is a rapidly growing tool even in the lithium-ion battery (lIB) research field. To utilize this tool, more and more datasets have been published. However, applicability of a Ml model to different information sources or various lIB cell types has not been well studied. In this paper, an unsupervised learning model called variational autoencoder (VAE) is evaluated with three datasets of charge-discharge cycles with different conditions. The model was first trained with a publicly available dataset of commercial cylindrical cells, and then evaluated with our private datasets of commercial pouch and hand-made coin cells. These cells used different chemistry and were tested with different cycle testers under different purposes, which induces various characteristics to each dataset. We report that researchers can recognise these characteristics with VAE to plan a proper data preprocessing. We also discuss about interpretability of a Ml model.

关键词： Unsupervised learning Dimensionality reduction Inductive bias .Machine learning Variational autoencoder

Spalling characteristics of high-temperature treated granitic rock at different strain rates

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1280-1288页

作者： l.f.fan Q.H.Yang X.l.Du The Key laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

The dynamic spalling characteristics of rock are important for stability analysis in rock *** paper presented an experimental investigation on the dynamic spalling characteristics of granite with different temperatures and strain rates.A series of dynamic spalling tests with different impact velocities were conducted on thermally treated granite at different *** dynamic spalling strengths of granite with different temperatures and strain rates were determined.A model was proposed to correlate the dynamic spalling strength of granite,high temperature and strain *** results show that the spalling strength of granite decreases with increasing ***,the spalling strength of granite with a higher strain rate is larger than that with a lower strain *** proposed model can describe the relationship among dynamic spalling strength of granite,high temperature and strain rate.

关键词： Dynamic spalling characteristics High temperature Strain rate Dynamic loading Granite

langmuir-Schaefer film Investigation and Density functional Theory Band Gap Calculations of Calix[n]arene-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug Nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： WONG Yeong Yi f l Supian A Radzwan M Musa N f N Abd Karim Department of Physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

Calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect PABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(C4),calix[6]arene(C6),and PABA using the langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DfT).Using the langmuir-Schaefer(lS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various *** on the langmuir study,the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the lS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(fTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(CHNS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DfT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory langmuir-Schaefer PABA sensor

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： f.Momo TEMGOUA l.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies laboratory(EETl) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of the interaction between solar radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formalized by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resolution calls for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the development of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of legendre polynomials. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, allows in the conditions of a plane parallel atmosphere a new mathematical formulation of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Delta function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work also determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental definition of two-stream approximation(f-TSA) developed in a previous work. Notably,New Method has generally better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angle μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angle, especially for high values of optical thickness. In spite of this divergence in reflectance for high values of optical thickness, very strong correlation with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical thickness in this study. An analysis of the legendre polynomial series for simple functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions ameliorate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, although it has been proven that there is a limit order depending on the function from which the precision is lost. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method legendre polynomial optical thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance reflectance

Resource management at the network edge for federated learning

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 765-782页

作者： Silvana Trindade luiz f.Bittencourt Nelson l.S.da fonseca Institute of Computing State University of CampinasCampinasBrazil

federated learning has been explored as a promising solution for training machine learning models at the network edge,without sharing private user *** limited resources at the edge,new solutions must be developed to leverage the software and hardware resources as the existing solutions did not focus on resource management for network edge,specially for federated *** this paper,we describe the recent work on resource manage-ment at the edge and explore the challenges and future directions to allow the execution of federated learning at the *** such as the discovery of resources,deployment,load balancing,migration,and energy effi-ciency are discussed in the paper.

关键词： Resource management Edge computing federated learning Machine learning

Adsorption of yttrium(Y^(3+)) and concentration of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum using chitin and chitin aerogel

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 775-782页

作者： Glaydson S.dos Reis Diana Pinto Sabrina f.lütke Eder C.lima luis f.O.Silva Irineu A.S.De Brum Guilherme l.Dotto Department of forest Biomaterials and Technology Biomass Technology Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeaE13Swedn Universidad De la Costa Calle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering(ENGEPAC) Federal University of Santa MariaAv.Roraima100079705900Santa MariaRSBrazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul90040060Porto AlegreBrazil

Chitin powder and chitin-aerogel were prepared from shrimp wastes and used to uptake Y^(3+)from aqueous solutions and concentrate this rare earth element from phosphogypsum(PG).Chitin aerogel displays a specific surface area of 945 m^(2)/g,while chitin powder is 3.6 m^(2)/g,which largely influences its adsorption *** the adsorption in synthetic solutions,the effect of pH on Y^(3+)removal is strong for chitin powder *** contrast,no big pH influence was detected for chitin *** interactions and chelation can highlight the proposed mechanism of Y^(3+)on chitin adsorbents for the powder and ***,in addition to these interactions,pore filling/pore diffusion is the main mechanism of Y^(3+)removal in the chitin *** aerogel is efficient in concentrating 8 times the Y^(3+)from PG,a very complex *** complex chitin aerogel-Y^(3+)can be a secondary source of rare earth elements for other applications.

关键词： Rare earths Sustainable material Chitin powder Chitin porous aerogel Yttrium adsorption and recovery

Clean air captures attention whereas pollution distracts:evidence from brain activities

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frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 5-15页

作者： Jianxun Yang Yunqi liu Berry van den berg Susie Wang lele Chen Miaomiao liu Jun Bi State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nanjing foreign language School Nanjing 210008China Department of Experimental Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Social Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands School of Education Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly ***,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive *** an adapted dot-probe task paradigm and event-related potential(ERP)technique,we investigated how visual stimuli of air pollution influence the attentional allocation *** were required to make responses to the onset of a target presented at the left or right visual *** probable location of the target was forewarned by a cue(pollution or clean air images),appearing at either the target location(attention-holding trials)or the opposite location(attention-shifting trials).Behavioral measures showed that when cued by pollution images,subjects had higher response accuracy in attention-shifting *** analysis results revealed that after the cue onset,pollution images evoked lower N300 amplitudes,indicating less attentioncapturing effects of dirty *** the target onset,pollution cues were correlated with the higher P300 amplitudes in attention-holding trials but lower amplitudes in attention-shifting *** indicates that after visual exposure to air pollution,people need more neurocognitive resources to maintain attention but less effort to shift attention *** findings provide the first neuroscientific evidence for the distracting effect of air *** conclude with several practical implications and suggest the ERP technique as a promising tool to understand human responses to environmental stressors.

关键词： Air pollution Attention Disengagement Performance Event-related potential

Determining minimum sample size for the conditioned latin hypercube sampling algorithm

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 530-539页

作者： Daniel D.SAURETTE Asim BISWAS Richard J.HECK Adam W.GIllESPIE Aaron A.berg School of Environmental Sciences University of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada) Ontario Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs1 Stone Rd WestGuelph ON N1G 2Y4(Canada) Geography Environment&GeomaticsUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada)

In digital soil mapping(DSM),a fundamental assumption is that the spatial variability of the target variable can be explained by the predictors or environmental *** to adequately sample the predictors have been well documented,with the conditioned latin hypercube sampling(clHS)algorithm receiving the most attention in the DSM *** advances in sampling design,a critical gap remains in determining the number of samples required for DSM *** propose a simple workflow and function coded in R language to determine the minimum sample size for the clHS algorithm based on histograms of the predictor variables using the freedman-Diaconis rule for determining optimal bin *** preprocessing was included to correct for multimodal and non-normally distributed data,as these can affect sample size determination from the *** on a user-selected quantile range(QR)for the sample plan,the densities of the histogram bins at the upper and lower bounds of the QR were used as a scaling factor to determine minimum sample *** technique was applied to a field-scale set of environmental covariates for a well-sampled agricultural study site near Guelph,Ontario,Canada,and tested across a range of *** results showed increasing minimum sample size with an increase in the QR *** sample size increased from 44 to 83 when the QR increased from 50% to 95% and then increased exponentially to 194 for the 99%*** technique provides an estimate of minimum sample size that can be used as an input to the clHS algorithm.

关键词： bin width digital soil mapping normal distribution quantile range sampling design