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Observations on the Form.tion of Ultrafine Ferrite Grain Size in Steels by physic.l Sim.lation Routes

Journal of m.terials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2003年第Z1期19卷 112-114页

作者： l.x. pan l.p. karjalainen m. c. somani University of Oulu Department of Mechanical Engineering P.O. Box 4200 FIN-90014 Oulu Finland University of Oulu Department of Mechanical Engineering P.O. Box 4200 FIN-90014 Oulu Finland University of Oulu Department of Mechanical Engineering P.O. Box 4200 FIN-90014 Oulu Finland

Som. observations are reported on the sim.lation of two therm.m.c.anic.l routes to produc. ultrafine ferrite grainsize in steels. One c.m. grade and Nb, Nb-Ti and Nb-high Ti bearing steels were used in the tests perform.d ona Gleeble sim.lator and a laboratory rolling m.ll. The routes inc.uded severe hot deform.tion of prior grain-refinedaustenite at the tem.erature c.ose to Ar3 (DIF) and static.rec.ystallization of fine-grained c.ld-rolled m.rtensite(SRm.. It was observed that the hot deform.tion induc.s the form.tion of ferrite above the Ar3 tem.erature of thesteel, but severe reduc.ions are required for the c.m.lete transform.tion. Strain of 1.2 c.n result in about 70% offerrite with the grain size of about 1.4～2μm.in all the studied steels. Sim.larly, in short annealing of c.ld-workedm.rtensite, the static.rec.ystallization c.n also lead to a grain size of about 1.5 μm. The distribution of c.rbonvaries in the m.c.ostruc.ures, c.rbon being in the sec.nd phase in the DIF route and in c.rbide partic.es in the SRm.oute, whic. m.y have a signific.nt influenc. on the m.c.anic.l.p.operties and the therm.l stability of ultrafine grainstruc.ure.

关键词： Ultrafine grain size, Steels, physic.l sim.lation, Strain-induc.d ferrite, c.ld rolling and annealing

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Im.ROVING THE m.c.ANIc.l.p.OpERTIES OF c.ppER AllOYS BY THERm.-m.c.ANIc.l.p.Oc.SSING

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Ac.a m.tallurgic. Sinic.(English letters) 2004年第2期17卷 111-117页

作者： m.c.somani l.p.karjalainen Departm.nt of m.c.anic.l Engineering University of Oulu90014 OuluFinlandDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Oulu90014 OuluFinland

System.tic.physic.l sim.lation of therm.-m.c.anic.l.p.oc.ssing routes has been ap-plied on a Gleeble 1500 sim.lator to four c.pper alloys (m.ss %) c.-0.57c.-0.32Si,c.-0.55c.-0.065p, c.-0.22Zr-0.035Si and c.-1.01Ni-0.43Si aim.d at c.arifying theinfluenc.s of proc.ssing c.nditions on their final.p.operties, strength and elec.ric.lc.nduc.ivity. Flow c.rves were determ.ned over wide tem.erature and strain rateranges. Hardness was used as a m.asure of the strength level ac.ieved. High hard-ness was obtained as using equal am.unts (strains 0.5) of c.ld deform.tion beforeand after the prec.pitation annealing stage. The m.xim.m.values ac.ieved for thec.-c.-Si, c.-c.-p, c.-Zr-Si and c.-Ni-Si alloys were 190, 165, 178 and 193 HV5,respec.ively. A therm.-m.c.anic.l sc.edule involving the hot deform.tion-ageing-c.lddeform.tion stages showed even better results for the c.-Zr-Si alloy. c.nsequently,the proc.ssing routes were designed based on sim.lation test results and wires of 5 and2m. in diam.ters have been suc.essfully proc.ssed in the industrial sc.le.

关键词： c.pper allys therm.-m.c.anic.l.p.oc.ssing ageing strength flow stress hardness

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DISc.Epanc.ES IN THE REGRESSION m.DEllING OF REc.YSTAllIZATION RATE AS USING THE DATA FROm.pHYSIc.l SIm.lATION TESTS

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Ac.a m.tallurgic. Sinic.(English letters) 2004年第3期17卷 221-228页

作者： l.p.karjalainen m.c.somani S.F.m.dina Departm.nt of m.c.anic.l Engineering University of OuluFIN-90014 OuluFinlandDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of OuluFIN-90014 OuluFinlandCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Metallurgicas(CENIM-CSIC) ES-28040 m.drid Spain

The analysis of num.rous experim.ntal equations published in the literature reveals awide sc.tter in the predic.ions for the static.rec.ystallization kinetic. of steels. Thepowers of the deform.tion variables, strain and strain rate, sim.larly as the powerof the grain size vary in these equations. These differenc.s are highlighted and thetypic.l values are c.m.ared between torsion and c.m.ression tests. potential errorsin physic.l sim.lation testing are disc.ssed.

关键词： physic.l sim.lation static.rec.ystallization regression m.deling hot working steel

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Effec.s of plastic.Deform.tion and Stresses on Dilatation duringthe m.rtensitic.Transform.tion in a B-bearing Steel

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Journal of m.terials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2001年第2期17卷 203-206页

作者： m. c.somani and l.p.karjalainen Dept. of m.c.anic.l Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland m. Oldenburg and m.Eriksson Dept. of m.c.anic.l Engineering, lulea University of Tec.nology, lulea, Sweden Dept. of m.c.. Eng. Univ. of Oulu Oulu Finland

To provide data for im.roved m.delling of the behaviour of steel c.m.onents in a sim.ltaneous form.ng and quenc.ing proc.ss, the effec.s of plastic.deform.tion and stresses on dilatation during the m.rtensitic.transform.tion in a B-bearing steel were investigated. It was found that plastic.deform.tion of austenite at high tem.eratures enhanc.s ferrite form.tion signific.ntly, and c.nsequently, the dilatation dec.eases m.rkedly even at a c.oling rate of 280'c.s. The c.eated ferritic.m.rtensitic.m.c.ostruc.ure possesses c.early lower hardness and strength than the m.rtensitic.struc.ure. Elastic.stresses c.use the preferred orientation in m.rtensite to be form.d so that diam.tric.dilatation c.n inc.ease by nearly 200% under axial c.m.ression.

关键词： Effec.s of plastic.Deform.tion and Stresses on Dilatation duringthe m.rtensitic.Transform.tion in a B-bearing Steel

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