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Potentials of manufacture and repair of nickel base turbine components used in aero engines and power plants by laser metal deposition and laser drilling

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航空动力学报 2007年第5期22卷 739-748页

作者： I.Kelbassa K.Walther l.trippe W.Meiners C.Over Chair of laser Technology RWTH Aachen Fraunhofer Institute for laser Technology Innoshape GmbH Steinbachstr.15 52074 AachenGermany

High pressure turbine(HPT) parts like blades and vanes with integrated cooling channels are challenging concerning overhaul and *** far damaged parts have to be replaced by the *** aim is to design and implement a refurbishment process chain to avoid scrapping of used *** process chain implies three different laser applications *** laser Forming(DlF),*** Metal Deposition(lMD) and *** Drilling(lD).The laser processing was extended in the last years towards application near materials like Nickel and Titanium base *** lMD and DlF the achieved results are investigated regarding macro and micro structure,hardness,defects(***,bonding defects,porosity) and contamination with atmospheric elements(e.g.O, N,C and H) are presented for Titanium alloys like Ti-6Al-4V,Ti-6246 and Ti-17 as well as for Nickel base alloys like Inconel 718 and Rene *** process parameters are presented with the achieved static(tensile) and dynamic mechanical properties(HCF) and compared to those of heat treated raw *** innovative solution(manufacturing case) is to fabricate the small and complex shaped geometrical elements by lMD and/or *** lMD these elements are built-up *** DlF the elements are manufactured separately in the DlF machine and connected by a subsequent joining technique with the large *** DlF small complex shaped parts like combustor swirlers,HPT blades and vanes with internal cooling channels are manufactured *** and DlF can be used in combination with subsequent *** on the application two different drilling techniques by dominant melt ejection-percussion drilling and trepanning-are classified and *** drilling techniques are exemplarily presented for stainless steel and nickel base alloys(diameter 0.2～0.6 mm,aspect ratiolination up to 60°) using pulsed laser radiation(Nd:YAG,1064 nm,0.5～1 ms).The experimental results of coaxial process control,metallog

关键词：激光打孔航空发动机镍基涡轮制造修复发电机金属沉积

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Towards predicting biochar impacts on plant-available soil nitrogen content

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1040-1054页

作者： Claire l.Phillips Kylie M.Meyer Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo Clara S.Weidman Catherine E.Stewart Thomas Wanzek Michael A.Grusak Donald W.Watts Jeff Novak Kristin M.trippe USDA-ARS National laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesIAUSA USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit CorvallisORUSA Department of Environmental Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA USDA-ARS Soil Management and Sugarbeet Research Unit Ft.CollinsCOUSA USDA-ARS Edward T.Schafer Agricultural Research Center FargoNDUSA USDA-ARS Coastal Plain Soil Waterand Plant Research CenterFlorenceSCUSA

Biochars can improve soil health but have been widely shown to reduce plant-available nitrogen(N)owing to their high carbon(C)content,which stimulates microbial ***,because biochars contain large amounts of C that are not microbially available,their total elemental C:N ratio does not correspond well with impacts on soil *** hypothesized that impacts on soil plant-available N would relate to biochar mineralizable-C(C_(min))content,and that C:N ratios of the mineralizable biochar component could provide a means for predicting conditions of net soil N-mineralization *** conducted two laboratory experiments,the first measuring biochar C_(min)from respiration of isotopically labeled barley biochars manufactured at 300,500,and 750℃,and the second characterizing C_(min)by proxy measurements for ten biochars from six feedstocks at several *** both experiments,soils were incubated with 2%biochar by mass to determine impacts to soil *** to expectation,all the biochars increased soil N-mineralization relative to unamended *** unexpected,higher temperature(500 and 700℃)barley biochars with less C_(min)stimulated more soil decomposition and more soil N-mineralization than a 350℃barley ***,across diverse biochar feedstocks and production methods,none of the biochar characteristics correlated with soil *** finding of improved soil N-mineralization adds complexity to the range of soil N responses that can be expected in response to biochar *** of the limited ability to predict soil N responses from biochar properties,users should monitor soil N to manage soil fertility.

关键词： C:N ratio Plant-available nitrogen Priming Respiration ^(13)C

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CP VIOlATION IN Kl DECAYS

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 713-717页

作者： l. Wolfenstein C.-J. lin T.G. trippe Carnegie-Mellon University lBNl

The symmetries C （particle-antiparticle interchange） and P （space inversion） hold for strong and electromagnetic interactions. After the discovery of large C and P violation in the weak interactions, it appeared that the product CP was a good symmetry. In 1964 CP violation was observed in K^0 decays at a level given by the parameter e ≈ 2.3 ×10^-3.

关键词： CP破坏衰变电磁相互作用强相互作用弱相互作用空间反演对称性反粒子

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Preliminary evaluation of a decision support tool for biochar amendment

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 93-105页

作者： Claire l.Phillips Sarah E.light Adam lindsley Thomas A.Wanzek Kylie M.Meyer Kristin M.trippe USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit 3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR 97331USA University of California Cooperative Extension 142A Garden HighwayYuba CityCA 95991USA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Meta-analyses have shown that only about half of biochar addition studies report improved plant *** improve yield response,here we describe a decision support tool(DST)for selecting a biochar type and amendment rate to meet soil and crop management goals,based on soil and biochar tests values and crop requirements as reported by regional extension *** data from a greenhouse wheat trial,we assessed whether this approach could predict changes in soil chemistry and whether it could identify soils in which amendment would stimulate crop *** data indicated that the DST could provide semi-quantitative predictions of biochar amendment rates needed to meet target soil pH levels,with recommended rates averaging 25%higher than were *** DST was better at predicting biochar application rates to provision P and *** six soil types,post-harvest measurements of extractable-K showed an average 104%recovery of the quantities estimated to be provisioned by conifer wood or wheat straw ***-P recovery averaged 101%in two sandy soils with low P-retention but was considerably lower in four soils with higher P-retention ***-house data also showed that wheat growth improved only when biochar alleviated pH that was substantially below critical thresholds for plant growth,and supported the principle of using crop-specific pH requirements as part of an approach for biochar *** field trials that evaluate yield responses in several nutrient-deficient or acidified soils will be needed to provide a robust evaluation of this DST.

关键词： Wheat liming Phosphorous Potassium Yield response

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Biochar addition to vineyard soils:effects on soil functions,grape yield and wine quality

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 565-577页

作者： Manuel García-Jaramillo Kylie M.Meyer Claire l.Phillips Verónica Acosta-Martínez James Osborne Alexander D.levin Kristin M.trippe Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 93771USA USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 93771USA USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the EnvironmentAmesIA 50011USA Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Unit USDA-ARSLubbockTX 79415USA Department of Food Science and Technology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center Oregon State UniversityCentral PointOR 97502USA Department of Horticulture Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

In response to increasing concerns over climate change,soil health and wine quality,grape growers are seeking new practices(e.g.,biochar application)to minimize their environmental footprint while increasing productivity and the quality of their *** explore the potential of biochar-based amendments to achieve these goals in wine grape production,vineyard trials were established in the fall of *** Oregon sites were chosen with distinct soil types and climates(Willamette Valley and Rogue Valley)but planted with the same grapevine scion/rootstock Pinot noir *** treatments were applied under vines at each location:no biochar-no tillage(NT);no biochar+tillage(B0);18 tons ha^(−1)biochar+tillage(B18);35 tons ha^(−1)biochar+tillage(B35).In 2019,a suite of soil health,plant,and crop variables were measured,and wines were produced after *** incorporation of biochar modified the chemical and physical composition of soils at the two studied locations,increasing the bioavailability of carbon and nitrogen,their gravimetric water content and the concentration of plant available micro and macro *** responses of plant physiology parameters or productivity at either site were found after biochar incorporation when compared with ***,a significant and gradual decrease in the amount of wine tannins was found as a result of biochar application in wines produced from grapes from the Woodhall ***-term field experiments are required to assess the effects of biochar on soil properties,vine physiol-ogy,productivity,and grape and wine quality several years after incorporation.

关键词： Soil health C sequestration Wine quality

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Kl3^± AND Kl3^0 FORM FACTORS

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 706-707页

作者： T.G. trippe C.-J. lin lBNl

Assuming that only the vector current contributes to K →πlv decays, we write the matrix element as

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Use of SWAT to Model Impact of Climate Change on Sediment Yield and Agricultural Productivity in Western Oregon, USA

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2019年第2期9卷 54-88页

作者： G. W. Mueller-Warrant C. l. Phillips K. M. trippe USDA-Agricultural Research Service Forage Seed and Cereals Research Unit Corvallis OR USA

Climate change predictions for the Pacific Northwest region of the United States of America include increasing temperatures, intensification of winter precipitation, and a shift from mixed snow/rain to rain-dominant events, all of which may increase the risk of soil erosion and threaten agricultural and ecological productivity. Here we used the agricultural/environmental model SWAT with climate predictions from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) “high CO2 emissions” scenario (RCP8.5) to study the impact of altered temperature and precipitation patterns on soil erosion and crop productivity in the Willamette River Basin of western Oregon. An ensemble of 10 climate models representing the full range in temperature and precipitation predictions of CIMP5 produced substantial increases in sediment yield, with differences between yearly averages for the final (2090-2099) and first (2010-2019) decades ranging from 3.9 to 15.2 MT·ha-1 among models. Sediment yield in the worst case model (CanESM2) corresponded to loss of 1.5 - 2.7 mm·soil·y-1, equivalent to potentially stripping productive topsoil from the landscape in under two centuries. Most climate models predicted only small increases in precipitation (an average of 5.8% by the end of the 21st century) combined with large increases in temperature (an average of 0.05°C·y-1). We found a strong correlation between predicted temperature increases and sediment yield, with a regression model combining both temperature and precipitation effects describing 79% of the total variation in annual sediment yield. A critical component of response to increased temperature was reduced snowfall during high precipitation events in the wintertime. SWAT characterized years with less than basin-wide averages of 20 mm of precipitation falling as snow as likely to experience severe sediment loss for multiple crops/land uses. Mid-elevation sub-basins that are projected to shift from rain-snow tr

关键词： Climate Change Sediment Yield Soil Water Assessment Tool SWAT Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 CIMP5 Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency NSE

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