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The health benefits of selenium in food animals:a review

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1623-1633页

作者： Brittany M.Pecoraro Diego F.leal Alba Frias-De-Diego Matthew Browning Jack Odle Elisa Crisci College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Population Health and PathobiologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA

selenium is an essential trace mineral important for the maintenance of homeostasis in animals and *** evinces a strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and potential antimicrobial *** biological function is primarily achieved by its presence in selenoproteins as a form of *** deficiency may result in an array of health disorders,affecting many organs and systems;to prevent this,dietary supplementation,mainly in the forms of organic(i.e.,selenomethionine and selenocysteine)inorganic(i.e.,selenate and selenite)sources is *** pigs as well as other food animals,dietary selenium supplementation has been used for improving growth performance,immune function,and meat quality.A substantial body of knowledge demonstrates that dietary selenium supplementation is positively associated with overall animal health especially due to its immunomodulatory activity and protection from oxidative *** also possesses potential antiviral activity and this is achieved by protecting immune cells against oxidative damage and decreasing viral *** this review we endeavor to combine established and novel knowledge on the beneficial effects of dietary selenium supplementation,its antioxidant and immunomodulatory actions,and the putative antimicrobial effect ***,our review demonstrates the gaps in knowledge pertaining to the use of selenium as an antiviral,underscoring the need for further in vivo and in vitro studies,particularly in pigs.

关键词： Antimicrobial Antioxidant Food animals Immunomodulation Pig selenium

Hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis: A case-based review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第44期12卷 7197-7202页

作者： s Ian Gan Alun l Edwards Christopher J symonds Paul l Beck Division of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology Foothills Hospital University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada

Hypertriglyceridemia is an established cause of pancreatitis. In a case-based approach, we present a review of hypertriglyceridemJa and how it can cause pancreatitis. We outline how to investigate and manage such patients. A 35 year old man presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and biochemical evidence of acute pancreatitis. There was no history of alcohol consumption and biliary imaging was normal. The only relevant past medical history was that of mild hyperlipidemia, treated with diet alone. Physical exam revealed epigastric tenderness, right lateral rectus palsy, lipemia retinalis, bitemporal hemianopsia and a delay in the relaxation phase of his ankle reflexes. subsequent laboratory investigation revealed marked hypertriglyceridemia and panhypopituarism. An enhanced CT scan of the head revealed a large suprasellar mass impinging on the optic chiasm and hypothalamus. The patient was treated supportively; thyroid replacement and lipid lowering agents were started. He underwent a successful resection of a craniopharyngioma. Postoperatively, the patient did well on hormone replacement therapy. He has had no further attacks of pancreatitis. This case highlights many of the factors involved in the regulation of triglyceride metabolism. We review the common causes of hypertriglyceridemia and the proposed mechanisms resulting in pancreatitis. The incidence and management of hypertriglyceridemiainduced pancreatitis are also discussed.

关键词： Hypertriglyceridemia Pancreatitis Hyperlipidemia

Evaluating the effectiveness of marine actinobacterial extract and its mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the degradation of azo dyes

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2014年第4期26卷 775-782页

作者： s Priyaragini s Veena D swetha l Karthik G Kumar K V Bhaskara Rao Molecular and Microbiology Research laboratory Environmental Biotechnology Division School of Bio Sciences and Technology VIT University

Aim of the present study was to synthesize titanium dioxide nanoparticles （YiO2 NPs） from marine actinobacteria and to develop an eco-friendly azo-dye degradation method. A total of five actinobacterial isolates were isolated from Chennai marine sediments, Tamilnadu, India and analyzed for the synthesis of TiO2 NPs using titanium hydroxide. Among these, the isolate PsV 3 showed positive results for the synthesis of TiO2 NPs, which was confirmed by UV analysis. Further characterization of the synthesized TiO2 NPs was done using XRD, AFM and FI＇-IR analysis. Actinobacterial crude extract and synthesized TiO2 NPs was found efficient in degrading azo dye such as Acid Red 79 （AR-79） and Acid Red 80 （AR-80）. Degradation percentage was found to be 81% for AR-79, 83% for AR-80 using actinobacterial crude extract and 84% for AR-79, 85% for AR-80 using TiO2 NPs. Immobilized actinobacterial ceils showed 88% for AR-79 and 81% for AR- 80, dye degrading capacity. Degraded components were characterized by FT-IR and GC-Ms analysis. The phytotoxicity test with 500 μg/ml of untreated dye showed remarkable phenotypic as well as cellular damage to Tagetes erecta plant. Comparatively no such damage was observed on plants by degraded dye components. In biotoxicity assay, treated dyes showed less toxic effect as compared to the untreated dyes.

关键词： actinobacteria azo dye degradation ZiO2 NPs biotoxicity Tagetes erecta

Phase-field lattice Boltzmann model for dendrites growing and moving in melt flow

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 140-149页

作者： lászlóRátkai Tamás Pusztai lászlóGránásy Wigner Research Centre for Physics P.O.Box 49H-1525 BudapestHungary Brunel Centre of Advanced solidification Technology Brunel UniversityUxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUK

The phase-field and lattice Boltzmann methods have been combined to simulate the growth of solid particles moving in melt *** handle mobile particles,an overlapping multigrid scheme was developed,in which each individual particle has its own moving grid,with local fields attached to *** this approach we were able to simulate simultaneous binary solidification,solute diffusion,melt flow,solid motion,the effect of gravity,and collision of the *** method has been applied for describing two possible modes of columnar to equiaxed transition in the Al–Ti system.

关键词： solidification moving lattice

Enhanced Heat Transfer with Full Circumferential Ribs in Helical Pipe

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Journal of Thermal science 2002年第3期11卷 241-248页

作者： s.W.Chang l.M.su T.l.Yang Department of Marine Engineering National Kaohsiung Institute of Marine Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan China Associate Professor Department of Electrical Engineering Tong Fang College of Technology and Commerce Taiwan China Associate Professor and Head of Department Department of Electrical Engineering Fortune Institute of Technology Taiwan China

This paper describes an experimental study of heat transfers in the smooth-walled and rib-roughened helical pipes with reference to the design of enhanced cooling passages in the cylinder head and liner of a marine propulsive diesel engine. The manner in which the repeated ribs modify the forced heat convection in the helical pipe is considered for the case where the flow is turbulent upon entering the coil but laminar in further downstream. A selection of experimental results illustrates the individual and interactive effects of Dean vortices and rib-flows on heat transfer along the inner and outer helixes of coils. The experimental-based observations reveal that the centrifugal force modifies the heat transfer in a manner to generate circumferential heat transfer variation with better cooling performance on the outer edge relative to its inner counterpart even with the agitated flow field caused by the repeated ribs. Heat transfer augmentation factor in the range of 1.3 ~ 3 times of the smooth-walled

关键词： helical pipe heat transfer enhancement.

local heroes or villains:tissue-resident memory T cells in human health and disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第2期17卷 113-122页

作者： s.C.sasson C.l.Gordon s.N.Christo P.Klenerman l.K.Mackay Translational Gastroenterology Unit Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Infectious Diseases Austin HealthMelbourneVICAustralia Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research University of OxfordOxfordUK

Tissue-resident memory T(T_(RM))cells are increasingly associated with the outcomes of health and disease.T_(RM) cells can mediate local immune protection against infections and cancer,which has led to interest in T_(RM) cells as targets for vaccination and ***,these cells have also been implicated in mediating detrimental pro-inflammatory responses in autoimmune skin diseases such as psoriasis,alopecia areata,and ***,we summarize the biology of T_(RM) cells established in animal models and in translational human *** review the beneficial effects of T_(RM) cells in mediating protective responses against infection and cancer and the adverse role of T_(RM) cells in driving pathology in autoimmunity.A further understanding of the breadth and mechanisms of T_(RM) cell activity is essential for the safe design of strategies that manipulate T_(RM) cells,such that protective responses can be enhanced without unwanted tissue damage,and pathogenic T_(RM) cells can be eliminated without losing local immunity.

关键词： human T cells tissue-resident memory immunity

Impact of land Degradation on soil Microbial Biomass and Activity in Northeast Brazil

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Pedosphere 2012年第1期22卷 88-95页

作者： J.s.NUNEs A.s.F.ARAUJO l.A.P.l.NUNEs l.M.lIMA R.F.V.CARNEIRO A.A.C.sAlVIANO s.M.TsAI soil Quality lab. Agricultural Science CenterFederal University of PiauíTeresinaPI(Brazil) Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture University of Sao PauloPiracicabaSP(Brazil)

land degradation causes great changes in the soil biological *** process of degradation may decrease soil microbial biomass and consequently decrease soil microbial *** study was conducted out during 2009 and 2010 at the four sites of land under native vegetation(NV),moderately degraded land(lDl),highly degraded land(HDl) and land under restoration for four years(Rl) to evaluate changes in soil microbial biomass and activity in lands with different degradation levels in comparison with both land under native vegetation and land under restoration in Northeast *** samples were collected at 0-10 cm *** organic carbon(sOC),soil microbial biomass C(MBC) and N(MBN),soil respiration(sR),and hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate(FDA) and dehydrogenase(DHA) activities were *** two years of evaluation,soil MBC,MBN,FDA and DHA had higher values in the NV,followed by the *** decreases of soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in the degraded lands were approximately 8-10 times as large as those found in the ***,after land restoration,the MBC and MBN increased approximately 5-fold and 2-fold,respectively,compared with the *** results showed that land degradation produced a strong decrease in soil microbial ***,land restoration may promote short-and long-term increases in soil microbial biomass.

关键词： land restoration microorganisms soil quality soil respiration

solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

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Nano-Micro letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle liu Munerah M.s.Almutairi Jie Ma Aisling stewart Zhaohui Xing Mengxia liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho UM-sJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China school of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

Detection and determination of undeclared synthetic caffeine in weight loss formulations using HPlC-DAD and UHPlC-Ms/Ms

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 366-372页

作者： Carine Viana Gabriela M.Zemolin Thaís R.Dal Molin luciana Gobo sandra Maria Ribeiro Gabriela C.leal Gabriela Z.Marcon leandro M.de Carvalho Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical sciences Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Center of Health sciences Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Department of Chemistry Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM)

Caffeine is present in products marketed for weight loss, with the purpose of increasing thermogenesis and lipid metabolism. The dosage declared by the product manufacturer, or even its presence, is not always correctly described on the label. This work aimed to investigate the undeclared synthetic caffeine in weight loss formulations by a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection(HPlC-DAD) method. From one hundred products purchased through Brazilian e-commerce, seventeen contained caffeine, either naturally or synthetically added to formulation. The caffeine-containing samples were confirmed by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPlC-Ms/Ms) method, and adulteration was clearly proven in five products. The content highest caffeine contained 448.8 mg per dose. Other irregularities were also found; nevertheless, the most serious was the addition of synthetic drugs without asking the consumers. Additional drugs expose the consumer to more possible side-effects as well as deleterious drug interactions. Intentional adulteration with any unlabeled substance is typically motivated by a desire to increase or alter the claimed effect of the marketed product to gain a commercial advantage.

关键词： Undeclared synthetic caffeine Weight loss formulations HPlC-DAD UHPlC-Ms/Ms