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Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William J.Flerlage Mark l.Dell’Acqua Brian M.Cox Fereshteh s.Nugent Uniformed services University of the Health sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAPs).

关键词： function supporting

Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 20-25页

作者： Nadeesha R samarasinghe Taniya s Nagpal Michele l Barbeau Charys M Martin Division of General surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3BCCanada Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2R3ABCanada Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada

The benefits of regular physical activity are well ***,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary *** investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MsK)anatomy course *** synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy *** fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously *** the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MsK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental *** participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MsK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce *** majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social ***,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MsK course *** with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

关键词： Medical education Musculoskeletal Anatomy Exercise Online learning

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries as a sustainable solution to obtain raw materials for different applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 118-134页

作者： V.M.leal J.s.Ribeiro E.l.D.Coelho M.B.J.G.Freitas Federal University of Espírito santo Department of ChemistryLaboratory of Electrochemistry and ElectrochemistryAv.Fernando Ferrari514VitóriaES 29075-910Brazil

lithium-ion batteries(lIBs)containing graphite as anode material and liCoO_(2),liMn_(2)O_(4),and liNi_(x)Mn_(y)Co_(z)O_(2) as cathode materials are the most used worldwide because of their high energy density,capacitance,durability,and ***,such widespread use implies the generation of large amounts of electronic *** is estimated that more than 11 million ton of lIBs waste will have been generated by *** recycling can contribute to minimizing environmental contamination and reducing production costs through the recovery of high-value raw materials such as lithium,cobalt,and *** most common processes used to recycle spent lIBs are pyrometallurgical,biometallurgical,and *** the current scenario,it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly methods to recycle batteries and synthesize materials with multiple technological *** study presents a review of industrial and laboratory processes for recycling spent lIBs and producing materials that can be used in new batteries,energy storage devices,electrochemical sensors,and photocatalytic reactions.

关键词： li-ion batteries Recycling Cathode Battery Hydrometallurgical Pyrometallurgical

The role of physical properties in explosive welding of copper to stainless steel

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第4期22卷 88-98页

作者： G.H.s.F.l.Carvalho I.Galvao R.Mendes R.M.leal A.B.Moreira A.loureiro Univ Coimbra CEMMPREDepartamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Department of Industrial Engineering University of FirenzeVia di Santa Marta 350139FirenzeItaly IsEl Departamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaInstituto Politecnico de LisboaRua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 11959-007LisboaPortugal Univ Coimbra ADAILEDAPDepartamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal lIDA-EsAD.CR Instituto Politecnico de LeiriaRua Isidoro Inacio Alves de Carvalho2500-321Caldas da RainhaPortugal Univ.Porto LAETA/INEGIDept.Eng.Metalúrgica e de MateriaisR.Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465PortoPortugal

This paper investigates the effects of the physical properties on the microstructure and weldability of explosive welding by joining two metals with a significant contrast in thermophysical properties:stainless steel and *** welds between stainless steel and copper were obtained,and the interfacial morphology was wavy,regardless of the position of the *** weldability of dissimilar pairs was found to be more dependent on the relationship between the physical properties of the base materials than on the absolute value of the material *** there is a significant difference in thermal conductivity between the flyer and the base plate,together with a material with a low melting temperature,the weldability of the pair is often *** relative position of the plates affects the interfacial microstructure even when similar morphologies are *** the metallic pairs studied,the wave size was bigger for the configuration in which the ratio between the density of the flyer and the density of the base plate is *** same phenomenon was observed for the impedance:bigger waves were found for a smaller ratio between the impedance of the flyer and the impedance of the base plate.

关键词： Explosive welding solid-state Copper-stainless steel Dissimilar Interface morphology Weldability

Why microglia kill neurons after neural disorders? The friendly fire hypothesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第9期14卷 1499-1502页

作者： Walace Gomes-leal laboratory of Experimental Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Para-Brazil

Neuroinflammation plays a fundamental role on the pathophysiology of acute and chronic neural *** activation is a major event following central nervous system inflammation displaying different phenotypes with beneficial and detrimental actions(a Janus face).The reason for this apparent duality is *** have previously shown that following experimental middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat brain,microglia seem to support and impair adult neurogenesis in the same ischemic *** on these results,we raised the hypothesis that in the same pathologic environment,gradients of different ligands distributed over different anatomical niches might contribute to both detrimental and beneficial microglial *** ligands(“danger signals”)are released by dying cells and bind to microglial receptors in their *** of different microglial receptors induces downstream biochemical pathways culminating in a spectrum of microglial phenotypes like M1 and M2 and *** this paper,we first review the immune functions of microglia and the role of toll-like receptors on the fight against *** then briefly revise the dual role of microglia after neural *** then propose a novel hypothesis to explain the Janus face of microglia during the pathophysiology of central nervous system diseases:the“friendly fire hypothesis”.According to this idea“danger signals”or danger associated molecular patterns released by stressed,damaged and/or dying cells during stroke,trauma and other diseases might activate microglial pattern-recognition receptors(i.e.,toll like receptors)or other unidentified receptors normally activated by *** could activate the same genetic and biochemical machinery used by microglia to fight against pathogens even in the absence of *** to this notion,microglia may cause bystander neuronal damage with a kind of blind“friendly fire”,fighting against a non-existing infection during

关键词： stroke trauma Alzheimer’s disease neuroinflammation glial cells phenotypes degeneration neuroprotection

Current approach to treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第22期27卷 3050-3063页

作者： segundo Moran Marlene lópez-sánchez María del Pilar Milke-García Gustavo Rodríguez-leal laboratory of Hepatology Research Centro Médico NacionalSiglo XXIMexican Institute of Social SecurityMexico City 06720Mexico Division of Nutrition National Institute of NutritionSalvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)corresponds to the earliest stage of hepatic encephalopathy(HE).MHE does not present clinically detectable neurological-psychiatric abnormalities but is characterized by imperceptible neurocognitive alterations detected during routine clinical examination via neuropsychological or psychometrical *** may affect daily activities and reduce job performance and quality of *** can increase the risk of accidents and may develop into overt encephalopathy,worsening the prognosis of patients with liver *** a lack of consensus on the therapeutic indication,interest in finding novel strategies for prevention or reversion has led to numerous clinical trials;their results are the main objective of this *** studies address the treatment of MHE,which is mainly based on the strategies and previous management of overt *** alternatives for the management of MHE include measures to maintain nutritional status while avoiding sarcopenia,and manipulation of intestinal microbiota with non-absorbable disaccharides such as lactulose,antibiotics such as rifaximin,and administration of different *** review analyzes the results of clinical studies that evaluated the effects of different treatments for MHE.

关键词： Minimal hepatic encephalopathy sarcopenia Probiotics Non-absorbable disaccharides,Rifaximin l-ornithine-l-aspartate

Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： laura Huggon Emma l.Clayton UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College london LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(Als)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and Als affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and Als exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis

Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.smith liwen Zhou Cameron l.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared s.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

Revisiting cerebral endothelial cells in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2911-2912页

作者： Amira s.Hanafy Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by slow and progressive decline of cognitive and memory *** only approximately 5%of the cases,AD is familial,as often predisposed by genetic mutations(Hoogmartens et al.,2021),while sporadic AD accounts for approximately 95%of the *** amyloid cascade hypothesis is one of the fundamental hypotheses put out to explain AD pathogenesis as dysregulated homeostasis of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptides that leads to the accumulation of Aβplaques in the parenchyma,an anatomical hallmark of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ cerebral